Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing high-purity calcium, the method being characterized by the following: performing first sublimation purification by introducing calcium starting material having a purity, excluding the gas components, of 4N or less into a crucible of a sublimation vessel, subjecting the starting material to sublimation by heating at 750° C. to 800° C., and causing the product to deposit (evaporate) onto the inside walls of the sublimation vessel; and then, once the calcium that has been subjected to first sublimation purification is recovered, performing second sublimation purification by introducing the recovered calcium again to the crucible to the sublimation vessel, heating the recovered calcium at 750° C. to 800° C.

Abstract: A high-purity lanthanum, characterized by having a purity of 5N or more excluding rare earth elements and gas components, and ?-ray count number of 0.001 cph/cm2 or less. A method for producing the high-purity lanthanum characterized by obtaining lanthanum crystal by subjecting a crude lanthanum metal raw material having a purity of 4N or less excluding the gas component to molten salt electrolysis at a bath temperature of 450 to 700° C., subjecting the lanthanum crystal to de-salting treatment, and removing volatile substances by performing electron beam melting, wherein the high-purity lanthanum has a purity of 5N or more excluding rare earth elements and gas components, and ?-ray count number of 0.001 cph/cm2 or less. The object of the present invention is providing a technique capable of efficiently and stably providing a high-purity lanthanum with low ?-ray, a sputtering target made from the high-purity lanthanum, and a metal gate thin film having the high-purity lanthanum as the main component.

Abstract: Provided are high-purity yttrium and a high-purity yttrium sputtering target each having a purity, excluding rare earth elements and gas components, of 5 N or more and containing 1 wt ppm or less of each of Al, Fe, and Cu; a method of producing high-purity yttrium by molten salt electrolysis of a raw material being a crude yttrium oxide having a purity, excluding gas components, of 4N or less at a bath temperature of 500° C. to 800° C. to obtain yttrium crystals, desalting treatment, water washing, and drying of the yttrium crystals, and then electron beam melting for removing volatile materials to achieve a purity, excluding rare earth elements and gas components, of 5N or more; and a technology capable of efficiently and stably providing high-purity yttrium, a sputtering target composed of the high-purity yttrium, and a metal-gate thin film mainly composed of the high-purity yttrium.

Abstract: High-purity erbium having a purity of 5N or higher excluding rare earth elements and gas components, and containing Al, Fe, Cu, and Ta each in an amount of 1 wtppm or less, W in an amount of 10 wtppm or less, carbon in an amount of 150 wtppm or less, alkali metals and alkali earth metals each in an amount of 1 wtppm or less, other transition metal elements in a total amount of 10 wtppm or less, and U and Th as radioactive elements each in an amount of 10 wtppb or less. An object of this invention is to provide a method of highly purifying erbium, which has a high vapor pressure and is difficult to refine in a molten state, as well as technology for efficiently and stably providing high-purity erbium obtained with the foregoing method, a sputtering target made of high-purity erbium, and a metal gate film having high-purity erbium as a main component thereof.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a technique capable of efficiently and stably providing a method for producing high-purity lanthanum, the method characterized in that: a crude lanthanum oxide starting material having a purity of 2N-5N, excluding gas components, is used; the material is subjected to molten salt electrolysis at a bath temperature of 450-700° C. to produce lanthanum crystals; the lanthanum crystals are subsequently desalted: and electron beam melting is then performed to remove volatile substances. The present invention also addresses the problem of providing a technique capable of efficiently and stably providing high-purity lanthanum, high-purity lanthanum itself, a sputtering target formed from high-purity material lanthanum; and a thin film for metal gates that has high purity lanthanum as the main component.

Abstract: A method for producing high-purity lanthanum having a purity of 4N or more excluding rare earth elements other than lanthanum and gas components, wherein lanthanum having a purity of 4N or more is produced by reducing, with distilled calcium, a lanthanum fluoride starting material that has a purity of 4N or more excluding rare earth elements other than lanthanum and gas components, and the obtained lanthanum is subjected to electron beam melting to remove volatile substances. The method for producing high-purity lanthanum, in which Al, Fe, and Cu are respectively contained in the amount of 10 wtppm or less. The method for producing high-purity lanthanum, in which total content of gas components is 1000 wtppm or less. The present invention aims to provide a technique capable of efficiently and stably providing high-purity lanthanum, a sputtering target composed of high-purity lanthanum, and a thin film for metal gate that contains high-purity lanthanum as a main component.

Abstract: Provided is a metal oxygen battery having an excellent charge/discharge capacity and cycle performance. A metal oxygen battery includes a positive electrode containing an oxygen-storing material and to which oxygen is applied as an active substance, a negative electrode to which a metal is applied as an active substance, an electrolyte layer disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a case hermetically housing the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the electrolyte layer. The oxygen-storing material has the functions of, during discharge, ionizing stored oxygen and releasing ionized oxygen, and causing the ionized oxygen to react with metal ions permeating from the negative electrode through the electrolyte layer into the positive electrode to thereby form a metal oxide, and of, during charge, storing oxygen by reduction of the metal oxide. The metal oxide formed during discharge contains an amorphous oxide.

Abstract: Provided are high-purity lanthanum, wherein the purity excluding rare-earth elements and gas components is 4N or higher, and amounts of aluminum, iron and copper in the lanthanum are respectively 100 wtppm or less; as well as high-purity lanthanum, wherein the purity excluding rare-earth elements and gas components is 4N or higher, amounts of aluminum, iron and copper in the lanthanum are respectively 100 wtppm or less, oxygen content is 1500 wtppm or less, elements of alkali metals and alkali earth metals are respectively 1 wtppm or less, elements of transition metals and high-melting-point metals other than those above are respectively 10 wtppm or less, and radioactive elements are respectively 10 wtppb or less. The invention aims to provide technology capable of efficiently and stably providing high-purity lanthanum, a sputtering target comprising high-purity lanthanum, and a thin film for metal gate mainly comprising high-purity lanthanum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a quinolone-carboxylic acid derivative represented by the general formula [1], or its salt: ##STR1## Of the compounds of the present invention, preferable are compounds in which R.sup.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group; R.sup.3 represents at least one member selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl or lower alkoxy group, and a protected or unprotected hydroxyl or amino group; R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group; each of R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represents a hydrogen atom; and A represents C--Y in which Y represents a halogen atom, a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy group which may be substituted by one or more halogen atoms, or a protected or unprotected hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A solid detergent composition such as soap which contains 0.02 to 5.0% by weight of magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: A solid detergent composition is disclosed, which comprises the following components (A) and (B):(A) an N-acyl compound represented by the following formula (1)R.sup.1 CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.2 COONa (1)wherein R.sup.1 CO represents a straight chain acyl group having 10 to 16 carbon atoms; and(B) one or more compounds selected from higher fatty acids and higher alcohols. This solid detergent composition is low-irritative and excellent in foaming properties and foam texture, gives no squeaky feel during and after rinsing and imparts a smooth feel to skin. It is highly suitable, in particular, for cleansing the skin.

Abstract: A composition comprising a component obtained by deproteinizing an extract from the poison pouch contents of bee has an immunostimulating activity, a carcinostatic activity, an effect of enhancing the antibacterial activity of an antibacterial substance and an effect of enhancing the carcinostatic activity of a carcinostatic substance. This invention is directed to a carcinostatic, immunostimulating and antibacterial agent comprising said composition.

Abstract: An antibacterial composition for medical use comprising a cephalosporin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a .beta.-lactamase-inhibiting compound having a .beta.-lactam ring. The composition exhibits synergistic effect which is much greater than the sum of antibacterial effects of each component used alone.

Abstract: A method for treating a host mammal having a decreased immunity, comprising administering to said host mammal an immunostimulating effective amount of the deproteinized extract from the poison pouch contents of bee B-T, is disclosed.

Abstract: An antibacterial composition for medical use comprising 6-[D(-)-.alpha.-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinylcarbonylamino)phenylacetam ido]penicillanic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a .beta.-lactamase-inhibiting penicillin or cephalosporin. The composition exhibits synergistic effect which is much greater than the sum of antibacterial effects of each component used alone.

Abstract: An antibacterial composition for medical use comprising 6-[-)-.alpha.-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinylcarbonylamino)phenylacetamid o]penicillanic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a .beta.-lactamase-inhibiting penicillin or cephalosporin. The composition exhibits synergistic effect which is much greater than the sum of antibacterial effects of each component used alone.