Abstract: A toner for electrostatic image development, containing a resin binder containing a polyester having monomer units wherein at least one monomer is selected from the group consisting of fumaric acid and maleic acid, including mixtures thereof; a colorant; and a charge control agent containing a negatively chargeable charge control agent and a positively chargeable charge control agent, wherein the unreacted monomers of fumaric acid, maleic acid or both fumaric acid and maleic acid are contained in the toner in an amount of 0.20% by weight or less. The toner for electrostatic image development of the present invention may be used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: A toner comprising a resin binder, a colorant, and fine inorganic particles having a BET specific surface area of 30 m2/g or less, wherein the fine inorganic particles are added as an external additive, wherein the toner has a storage modulus at 100° C. using a 25 mm parallel plate of 7×104 Pa or less, a storage modulus at 60° C. using a 7.9 mm parallel plate of from 3×108 to 1×109 Pa, and a storage modulus at 70° C. using a 7.9 mm parallel plate of from 7×106 to 3×108 Pa; and a two-component developer comprising the toner. The toner can be used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: A long life ferroelectric memory device using a thin ferroelectric film capacitor as a memory capacitor is obtained by disposing a plurality of degradation preventive layers on an upper protection electrode and an upper electrode 8 and a degradation preventive layer at the boundary of ferroelectric layer 7/electrodes 6, 8, or providing a step of decreasing a modified layer at the boundary of ferroelectric layer 7/upper electrode 8. This provides a thin ferroelectric film capacitor which is subjected to less fatigue and imprinting and which has less degradation of ferroelectric characteristic to attain a long life ferroelectric memory device.

Abstract: A toner comprising a resin binder, a colorant, and externally-added inorganic fine particles, comprising large-particle size inorganic particles comprising 50% by volume or more of particles having a particle size of from 100 to 583.9 nm, and having a BET specific surface area of 1 to 40 m2/g. The toner can be used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic image development, containing a resin binder containing a polyester having monomer units wherein at least one monomer is selected from the group consisting of fumaric acid and maleic acid, including mixtures thereof; a colorant; and a charge control agent containing a negatively chargeable charge control agent and a positively chargeable charge control agent, wherein the unreacted monomers of fumaric acid, maleic acid or both fumaric acid and maleic acid are contained in the toner in an amount of 0.20% by weight or less. The toner for electrostatic image development of the present invention may be used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for preparing a toner mixture comprising mixing a first toner with at least one further toner wherein the first toner has an acid value of from 0.1 to 30 mgKOH/g and comprises at least one binder resin and at least one coloring agent wherein said binder comprises as the main component a polyester resin and wherein the further toners comprise at least a binder resin and optionally at least one coloring agent. It also describes a developer composition comprising said toner mixture and optionally a carrier. The new toner mixture does not show any de-mixing phenomenon during repeated use.

Abstract: An image input/output system obtains a print-job that includes printing-mode information and print-data, and analyzes the printing-mode information to determine whether the output mode of the print-data is a high-contrast output mode or a low-contrast output mode. According to the determined output mode, the image-processing device generates image data by calculating the color-space conversion of the print-data at a high bit-depth if the output mode is high-contrast, or at a low bit-depth if the output mode is low-contrast, thereby achieving output with high reproducibility in a high-contrast output mode, and high-speed output in a low-contrast output mode.

Abstract: To provide an image processor making it possible to reserve a printer even if no job is generated and to be shared by a plurality of users in order to preferentially and securely process a job of a reserver in a reserved time zone, which accepts a reservation of a job while no job is received, secures resources used for the reserved job, and controls the reserved job by using the resources secured by the securing means.

Abstract: A two-component developer comprising a toner onto which a hydrophobic silica having an average particle size of 25 nm or more is externally added, and a carrier having a saturation magnetization of from 50 to 95 Am2/kg, wherein the carrier has a ratio of surface resistivity to volume resistivity of from 1×102 to 1×104 m−1 at an electric field strength of 100 V/cm; and a method for development comprising applying the above two-component developer to an electrophotographic device comprising a photoconductor having a peripheral speed of 400 mm/sec or more, and developing a latent image. The two-component developer can be used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: A toner comprising a resin binder, a colorant, and fine inorganic particles having a BET specific surface area of 30 m2/g or less, wherein the fine inorganic particles are added as an external additive, wherein the toner has a storage modulus at 100° C. using a 25 mm parallel plate of 7×104 Pa or less, a storage modulus at 60° C. using a 7.9 mm parallel plate of from 3×108 to 1×109 Pa, and a storage modulus at 70° C. using a 7.9 mm parallel plate of from 7×106 to 3×108 Pa; and a two-component developer comprising the toner. The toner can be used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: To provide an image processor making it possible to reserve a printer even if no job is generated and to be shared by a plurality of users in order to preferentially and securely process a job of a reserver in a reserved time zone, which accepts a reservation of a job while no job is received, secures resources used for the reserved job, and controls the reserved job by using the resources secured by the securing means.

Abstract: A positively chargeable toner comprising a resin binder, a specified compound represented by the formula (I), and a higher fatty acid with a long-chain alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and/or a metal salt thereof. The positively chargeable toner is a positively chargeable toner used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: Along life ferroelectric memory device using a thin ferroelectric film capacitor as a memory capacitor is obtained by disposing a plurality of degradation preventive layers on an upper protection electrode and an upper electrode 8 and a degradation preventive layer at the boundary of ferroelectric layer 7/electrodes 6, 8, or providing a step of decreasing a modified layer at the boundary of ferroelectric layer 7/upper electrode 8. This provides a thin ferroelectric film capacitor which is subjected to less fatigue and imprinting and which has less degradation of ferroelectric characteristic to attain a long life ferroelectric memory device.

Abstract: A toner comprising a resin binder, a colorant, and externally-added inorganic fine particles, comprising large-particle size inorganic particles comprising 50% by volume or more of particles having a particle size of from 100 to 583.9 nm, and having a BET specific surface area of 1 to 40 m2/g. The toner can be used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: A two-component developer comprising a toner onto which a hydrophobic silica having an average particle size of 25 nm or more is externally added, and a carrier having a saturation magnetization of from 50 to 95 Am2/kg, wherein the carrier has a ratio of surface resistivity to volume resistivity of from 1×102 to 1×104 m−1 at an electric field strength of 100 V/cm; and a method for development comprising applying the above two-component developer to an electrophotographic device comprising a photoconductor having a peripheral speed of 400 mm/sec or more, and developing a latent image. The two-component developer can be used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: In order to improve the dielectric constant, residual dielectric polarization, hysteresis characteristics, etc. of a high-dielectric or ferroelectric thin film for use in the formation of capacitive insulating films of capacitors of a DRAM or a ferroelectric RAM, a target having a density of at least 90% of the theoretical value is used in forming, by sputtering, a high-dielectric or ferroelectric thin film for use in the formation of capacitive insulating films of capacitors of a DRAM or a ferroelectric RAM.

Abstract: A long life ferroelectric memory device using a thin ferroelectric film capacitor as a memory capacitor is obtained by disposing a plurality of degradation preventive layers on an upper protection electrode and an upper electrode 8 and a degradation preventive layer at the boundary of ferroelectric layer 7/electrodes 6, 8, or providing a step of decreasing a modified layer at the boundary of ferroelectric layer 7/upper electrode 8. This provides a thin ferroelectric film capacitor which is subjected to less fatigue and imprinting and which has less degradation of ferroelectric characteristic to attain a long life ferroelectric memory device.

Abstract: Along life ferroelectric memory device using a thin ferroelectric film capacitor as a memory capacitor is obtained by disposing a plurality of degradation preventive layers on an upper protection electrode and an upper electrode 8 and a degradation preventive layer at the boundary of ferroelectric layer 7/electrodes 6, 8, or providing a step of decreasing a modified layer at the boundary of ferroelectric layer 7/upper electrode 8. This provides a thin ferroelectric film capacitor which is subjected to less fatigue and imprinting and which has less degradation of ferroelectric characteristic to attain a long life ferroelectric memory device.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus charges a deposit for storing data in a data storage server. The data storage server pays back a deposit in response to an instruction of deleting data issued from a personal computer. The data transmission apparatus and data storage server are interconnected by a network. The deposit to be paid back is all the money amount of the deposit or the deposit reduced in accordance with a data storage period.

Abstract: In order to improve the dielectric constant, residual dielectric polarization, hysteresis characteristics, etc. of a high-dielectric or ferroelectric thin film for use in the formation of capacitive insulating films of capacitors of a DRAM or a ferroelectric RAM, a target having a density of at least 90% of the theoretical value is used in forming, by sputtering, a high-dielectric or ferroelectric thin film for use in the formation of capacitive insulating films of capacitors of a DRAM or a ferroelectric RAM.