Abstract: A monitoring apparatus monitors a system including an oscillator with a variable oscillation frequency. The monitoring apparatus has a transmitting unit to transmit an information collecting instruction for collecting state information of the system to the system at an arbitrary monitoring timing, and a control unit to perform a control operation that includes transmitting to the system control information for controlling the oscillation frequency to become a reference value or less if the oscillation frequency exceeds the reference value, and computing a changing amount of the oscillation frequency at least due to aging and a next monitoring timing.

Abstract: A package is configured to accommodate a piezoelectric element. The package includes a guide part having a plurality of spaces into which electrodes of the piezoelectric element is inserted, respectively. The plurality of spaces of the guide part are separated from each other.

Abstract: A piezoelectric crystal unit includes a package including a concave portion; a piezoelectric element having a protruding electrode and disposed within the package; and an electrically conductive adhesive contained in the concave portion. The piezoelectric element is fixed to the package with the protruding electrode embedded in the concave portion of the package.

Abstract: A piezoelectric oscillator includes: a package including a floor surface and a step portion thereinside; a conductive adhesive applied on the step portion; and a piezoelectric vibrator including one end placed on the step portion via the conductive adhesive. The floor surface is provided with a recess filled with a resin material having a thermal deformation property. The package includes a sidewall having transparency.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a crystal oscillator includes applying an adhesive to an electrode pad; determining whether the applied adhesive is in an area outside of the electrode pad; removing at least part of the adhesive in the area outside of the electrode pad using a laser beam when a portion of the applied adhesive is determined to be in the area outside of the electrode pad; and disposing an electrode of a crystal resonator on the adhesive applied to the electrode pad.

Abstract: This invention provides: an exposure apparatus and exposure method based on a maskless exposure technique which uses a two-dimensional optical modulator, in which maskless exposure technique, the exposure apparatus and exposure method employ a first irradiation source optics for drawing a pattern based on exposure pattern data, and a second irradiation source optics for irradiating an energy ray onto a desired area of space on a region inclusive of a region in which the pattern has been drawn; and a method of manufacturing a wiring Substrate (Board); thus, highly accurate pattern forming based on the exposure pattern data is achieved at high throughput and at low costs.

Abstract: A temperature compensated crystal oscillator includes an oscillation circuit including a crystal oscillator; a variable capacitor inserted in series in the oscillation circuit; a thermosensitive circuit element whose resistance value changes in accordance with a temperature of the crystal oscillator, the thermosensitive circuit element being formed on the crystal oscillator by vapor deposition; and a correction circuit configured to correct capacitance of the variable capacitor based on a current value that is used when applying current to the thermosensitive circuit element.

Abstract: A temperature compensated crystal oscillator is mounted to a board. A quartz resonator includes a quartz chip that generates an oscillation frequency. A resistive element is formed on the quartz chip. A temperature sensor is located closer to the board than the quartz resonator. The compensation part compensates for a change in the oscillation frequency generated by the quartz resonator based on a value of a current flowing in the resistive element and an output of the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A monitoring apparatus monitors a system including an oscillator with a variable oscillation frequency. The monitoring apparatus has a transmitting unit to transmit an information collecting instruction for collecting state information of the system to the system at an arbitrary monitoring timing, and a control unit to perform a control operation that includes transmitting to the system control information for controlling the oscillation frequency to become a reference value or less if the oscillation frequency exceeds the reference value, and computing a changing amount of the oscillation frequency at least due to aging and a next monitoring timing.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus input and/or output a signal from and/or an external apparatus. The electronic apparatus includes: a clock section in which a frequency is set and which gives a clock signal having the set frequency; an input-output section which inputs and/or outputs the signal according to the clock signal given from the clock section; a frequency detecting section which detects a frequency of a signal given from the external apparatus; and a frequency setting section which determines the frequency of the clock signal based on the frequency detected by the frequency detecting section, and sets the frequency in the clock section. Since the frequency of the clock signal is automatically set based on the frequency given from the external apparatus, it is possible to diminish a cumbersome maintenance work or reduce the cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pattern formation method comprising a step of forming on a substrate a film of a first photosensitive material having low sensitivity to a light beam with a main wavelength at h-line emitted from a mask-less drawing exposure apparatus but having high sensitivity to an energy light beam containing ultraviolet light; a step of forming on the first photosensitive material a film of a second photosensitive material having higher sensitivity to a light beam with the main wavelength at h-line; a step of drawing a second pattern on the second photosensitive material with the mask-less direct drawing exposure apparatus; a step of developing the second photosensitive material; and a step of exposing to a light beam the second photosensitive material with the second pattern formed thereon and the first photosensitive material in batch to form a target first pattern on the first photosensitive material.

Abstract: In a temperature sensor, especially in a temperature sensor using a resonator, based on a frequency of one oscillator circuit (resonator), frequencies of the other one or more oscillator circuits (resonators) are measured, and frequency-temperature characteristics of a plurality of resonators are synthesized in order to realize an accurate temperature sensor which does not require an accurate frequency reference regardless of a temperature change, and has a linear characteristic and a wide measurable temperature range. Also, two oscillator circuits have two resonators respectively with quadratic characteristics in which quadratic coefficients are the same and linear characteristics are different from each other, and a difference between oscillation frequencies of both oscillator circuits is obtained.

Abstract: An organic thin-film transistor (TFT) with a large carrier mobility includes a drain electrode, a source electrode, which are made of different materials, and a semiconductor layer formed on upper surface of a substrate. Equipment for manufacturing the organic TFT comprises a substrate mounting unit, a painting unit, a light irradiating unit, a sealed container for housing the above units, and a gas supplying unit of an antioxidant gas to the sealed container. The organic TFT to be manufactured is placed on the substrate mounting unit and a semiconductor layer is formed by using the painting unit. The painted semiconductor layer is dried with a light by using the light irradiating unit. When the light with substantially uniform wavelength is irradiated to the drain and the source electrodes, a temperature gradient is caused in the semiconductor layer. Accordingly, an organic TFT with a large carrier mobility can be manufactured.

Abstract: An optical module which can achieve miniaturization, high performance and cost reduction is, provided. The optical module includes a photoelectric component, a high-speed signal processing part which processes a high-speed signal photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric component, and a low-speed signal processing part which processes a low-speed signal. The high-speed signal processing part and the low-speed signal processing part are overlapped with each other in a vertical direction and electrically connected to each other.

Abstract: This invention provides: an exposure apparatus and exposure method based on a maskless exposure technique which uses a two-dimensional optical modulator, in which maskless exposure technique, the exposure apparatus and exposure method employ a first irradiation source optics for drawing a pattern based on exposure pattern data, and a second irradiation source optics for irradiating an energy ray onto a desired area of space on a region inclusive of a region in which the pattern has been drawn; and a method of manufacturing a wiring Substrate (Board); thus, highly accurate pattern forming based on the exposure pattern data is achieved at high throughput and at low costs.

Abstract: In a temperature sensor, especially in a temperature sensor using a resonator, based on a frequency of one oscillator circuit (resonator), frequencies of the other one or more oscillator circuits (resonators) are measured, and frequency-temperature characteristics of a plurality of resonators are synthesized in order to realize an accurate temperature sensor which does not require an accurate frequency reference regardless of a temperature change, and has a linear characteristic and a wide measurable temperature range. Also, two oscillator circuits have two resonators respectively with quadratic characteristics in which quadratic coefficients are the same and linear characteristics are different from each other, and a difference between oscillation frequencies of both oscillator circuits is obtained.

Abstract: An optical module which can achieve miniaturization, high performance and cost reduction is, provided. The optical module includes a photoelectric component, a high-speed signal processing part which processes a high-speed signal photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric component, and a low-speed signal processing part which processes a low-speed signal. The high-speed signal processing part and the low-speed signal processing part are overlapped with each other in a vertical direction and electrically connected to each other.

Abstract: An optical module which can achieve miniaturization, high performance and cost reduction is provided. The optical module includes a photoelectric component, a high-speed signal processing part which processes a high-speed signal photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric component, and a low-speed signal processing part which processes a low-speed signal. The high-speed signal processing part and the low-speed signal processing part are overlapped with each other in a vertical direction and electrically connected to each other.

Abstract: In a temperature sensor, especially in a temperature sensor using a resonator, based on a frequency of one oscillator circuit (resonator), frequencies of the other one or more oscillator circuits (resonators) are measured, and frequency-temperature characteristics of a plurality of resonators are synthesized in order to realize an accurate temperature sensor which does not require an accurate frequency reference regardless of a temperature change, and has a linear characteristic and a wide measurable temperature range. Also, two oscillator circuits have two resonators respectively with quadratic characteristics in which quadratic coefficients are the same and linear characteristics are different from each other, and a difference between oscillation frequencies of both oscillator circuits is obtained.

Abstract: An electric discharge machining apparatus capable of automatically optimizing the machining stabilizing condition including set voltage of machining pulse, duty factor of the pulse, electrode raising period and working fluid pressure, and hence capable of being full-automated. Each machining stabilizing condition is successively changed within a predetermined range and set when the maximum effective discharge generation rate is obtained. Spark machining is effected on the basis of the set value.