Abstract: The present invention relates to a management system that manages procurement of a component of a product, the management system including a simulator that simulates molding the component using a 3D printer by a processor executing a program stored in a memory, wherein the simulator is configured to: calculate an evaluation of a spare component; and determine whether the spare component is applicable to the product until a genuine component is procured by comparing procurement of the spare component with procurement of the genuine component based on the evaluation, and present the applicable spare component.

Abstract: An error cause estimation device comprising: a data pre-processing unit that uses data to be processed and generates training data that has an appropriate format for input to a machine learning model; and a model tree generation unit that generates error detection models that are training models for detecting errors and uses the training data as inputs therefor, and generates a model tree that expresses the relationship between error detection models by using a tree structure that has the error detection models as node therefor. Thus, it is possible to generate a training model that detects errors for each of a plurality of types of errors that occur, even when there has been no prior annotation of error causes.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing a deterioration of a resin part includes: fabricating a deterioration detection part by adding a detection additional member to the resin part, in which the detection additional member is faster in progress of a deterioration than the resin part, and the adding the detection additional member includes bonding the detection additional member to a surface of the resin part or insert-molding the detection additional member to the resin part; incorporating the deterioration detection part into a portion, of a vehicle, where the resin part is to be incorporated; detecting, after an elapse of a predetermined period of time, a degree of the progress of the deterioration of the detection additional member; and estimating the degree of the progress of the deterioration of the resin part, based on data on a correlation between the deterioration of the detection additional member and the deterioration of the resin part.

Abstract: A kigurumi staging support apparatus to be worn by a performer of kigurumi. The kigurumi staging support apparatus acquires environmental information of surroundings of the kigurumi, stores staging information of the kigurumi, and outputs, based on the staging information, staging of the kigurumi in accordance with the environmental information.

Abstract: A flow rate control valve is configured to adjust a flow rate of blow-by gas drawn into an intake passage from a crankcase of an internal combustion engine that uses hydrogen as fuel. The flow rate control valve includes a flow rate adjuster having a valve member. The flow rate adjuster has a cross-sectional flow area in a section through which the blow-by gas passes. The cross-sectional flow area is changed in accordance with movement of the valve member. The flow rate control valve is configured such that the cross-sectional flow area is maximized when a load on the internal combustion engine is less than or equal to that in an idling operation state.

Abstract: An oil separator for an internal combustion engine includes a case and a separation wall. The case includes inflow ports into which blow-by gas flows, a gas outflow port, and an oil discharge port. An inside of the case is divided by the separation wall into an upstream passage and a downstream passage. The downstream passage is located on the upper side of the upstream passage. The inflow ports and the oil discharge port are connected to the upstream passage. The gas outflow port is connected to the downstream passage. The inflow ports and the oil discharge port are arranged in a direction intersecting the vertical direction. The separation wall includes one connection passage that connects the upstream passage to the downstream passage on the upper side of the oil discharge port. The separation wall is located on the upper side of the inflow ports.

Abstract: The internal combustion engine includes a second separator, a connection pipe, and a pressure sensor. Inside the second separator, a main chamber located in the cylinder head cover, and a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber located in a joint portion located outside the cylinder head cover are formed. The first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber are partitioned by partition walls. A communication hole connecting the first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber is formed in the partition wall. The first sub-chamber is connected to the main chamber via a throttle portion. A first connection port connected to the first sub-chamber and a second connection port connected to the second sub-chamber are formed in the joint portion. The first connection port is connected to the intake passage via a connection pipe. The second connection port is connected to the pressure sensor.

Abstract: A PCV valve coupling structure that couples a PCV valve to an internal combustion engine is employed in the PCV valve used to adjust a gas flow area of a blow-by gas passage. Blow-by gas in the internal combustion engine flows to an intake system of the internal combustion engine. In the PCV valve coupling structure, the PCV valve is coupled to the internal combustion engine in a non-removable manner.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a blow-by gas processing device. A cylinder head cover of the internal combustion engine is provided with a joint portion including a connection port to which a connection pipe is connected and a throttle portion having a passage sectional area smaller than a passage sectional area of the connection port. The joint portion is communicated with an inside of a cylinder head and a space in the joint portion serves as an oil separator. A pressure sensor is connected to the space in the oil separator via a connection passage. The connection passage includes a first pipe, a second pipe, and a chamber including a first connection port to which the first pipe is connected and a second connection port to which the second pipe is connected. The first connection port and the second connection port are open toward the same direction in the chamber.

Abstract: A vehicular internal combustion engine is equipped with a supercharger, a drain pipe for draining lubricating oil in the supercharger, a cylinder block including a first oil passage, and a PCV separator including a second oil passage connected to an outlet of the drain pipe and an inlet of the first oil passage.

Abstract: An oil separator for an internal combustion engine includes a case and a separation wall. The case includes inflow ports into which blow-by gas flows, a gas outflow port, and an oil discharge port. An inside of the case is divided by the separation wall into an upstream passage and a downstream passage. The downstream passage is located on the upper side of the upstream passage. The inflow ports and the oil discharge port are connected to the upstream passage. The gas outflow port is connected to the downstream passage. The inflow ports and the oil discharge port are arranged in a direction intersecting the vertical direction. The separation wall includes one connection passage that connects the upstream passage to the downstream passage on the upper side of the oil discharge port. The separation wall is located on the upper side of the inflow ports.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, an oil separator provided in a blowby gas passage is attached to a side wall of a cylinder block. A first communicating passage and a second communicating passage via which the inside of a crankcase is connected to the oil separator are formed in the cylinder block. An opening of the first communicating passage on the crankcase side and an opening of the second communicating passage on the crankcase side are placed to be distanced from the center of the crankcase in the extending direction of a crankshaft so as to sandwich the center of the crankcase. No passage via which the inside of the crankcase is connected to the oil separator is provided between the first communicating passage and the second communicating passage.

Abstract: A kigurumi staging support apparatus to be worn by a performer of kigurumi. The kigurumi staging support apparatus acquires environmental information of surroundings of the kigurumi, stores staging information of the kigurumi, and outputs, based on the staging information, staging of the kigurumi in accordance with the environmental information.

Abstract: A lubricant supply apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a lubricant shower and a baffle plate. The lubricant shower is disposed between a camshaft and a cylinder head cover attached to a cylinder head. The lubricant shower includes a supply port from which a lubricant is supplied to the camshaft. The baffle plate is disposed between the camshaft and the lubricant shower such that a clearance is provided between the baffle plate and the lubricant shower. The baffle plate includes a hole provided at a position at which the hole of the baffle plate overlaps with the supply port of the lubricant shower. The camshaft is provided with a cam. The supply port of the lubricant shower and the hole of the baffle plate are located above the cam.

Abstract: A vehicular internal combustion engine is equipped with a supercharger, a drain pipe for draining lubricating oil in the supercharger, a cylinder block including a first oil passage, and a PCV separator including a second oil passage connected to an outlet of the drain pipe and an inlet of the first oil passage.

Abstract: A blow-by gas treatment device for an internal combustion engine includes: a positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) separator configured to be fastened to the internal combustion engine with a plurality of bolts; and one of a single sealant or a plurality of sealants configured to seal gas leakage of blow-by gas from a gap between the internal combustion engine and the PCV separator; wherein the plurality of bolts includes at least one break head bolt and three or more unbreakable head bolts, the unbreakable head bolt being a bolt in which a bolt head is not separated even when a fastening torque corresponding to a tightening torque applied to the break head bolt is applied to the bolt head.

Abstract: A blow-by gas treating device has an oil separator. A tubular attachment portion is disposed at a discharge port of the oil separator. A PCV valve is inserted in the attachment portion. The PCV valve includes an inflow hole, a discharge hole, a flow rate regulating portion, and a stopping portion. The stopping portion is located closer to the inflow hole than to the flow rate regulating portion. The stopping portion has a dimension greater than the inner diameter of the attachment portion in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the attachment portion. The flow rate regulating portion is surrounded by the attachment portion. The stopping portion is arranged in the space defined by the oil separator.

Abstract: A blow-by gas treatment device includes a first blow-by gas pipe, a second blow-by gas pipe, a first pipe joint located on a first head cover, the first blow-by gas pipe being connected to the first pipe joint, a second pipe joint located on a second head cover, the second blow-by gas pipe being connected to the second pipe joint, a first union located on the first pipe joint, a second union located on the second pipe joint, and a pressure sensor connected to the first pipe joint by the first union and connected to the second pipe joint by the second union.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a blow-by gas treating device. The blow-by gas treating device includes a separator having a line connection portion. The line connection portion includes an intake connection union, to which an intake connection line is attached, a sensor connection union, to which a pressure sensor is connected, a partition plate, which divides the space in the separator into a first space and a second space, and a constriction, which is provided in the partition plate and allows the first space and the second space to communicate with each other. The line connection portion is constituted by combining a first unit, which includes the partition plate and defines the first space, and a second unit, which defines the second space with the partition plate of the first unit. The intake connection union and the sensor connection union are provided in the second unit.

Abstract: A blow-by gas treatment device for an internal combustion engine includes: a positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) separator configured to be fastened to the internal combustion engine with a plurality of bolts; and one of a single sealant or a plurality of sealants configured to seal gas leakage of blow-by gas from a gap between the internal combustion engine and the PCV separator; wherein the plurality of bolts includes at least one break head bolt and three or more unbreakable head bolts, the unbreakable head bolt being a bolt in which a bolt head is not separated even when a fastening torque corresponding to a tightening torque applied to the break head bolt is applied to the bolt head.