Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter device for PCM signals at different sampling frequencies comprises a signal converter which expands the frequency distance between a PCM signal band and a side band by converting the sampling frequencies associated with the PCM signals to be reproduced into higher frequencies. With this signal converter, a single low-pass filter can be simplified, having a gradual ramp cut-off characteristic for removal of the side band wherein a pass band cut-off frequency and a stop band cut-off frequency can be adapted for low pass filtering of the PCM signals at different sampling frequencies.

Abstract: An apparatus for transferring thin sheet-like articles such as wafers is disclosed. The apparatus is provided with opposed pairs of contact elements capable of adjusting the distance between said pairs of contact elements. The thin sheet-like articles are transferred one by from a transfer passage to a treating station while they are clamped between said pairs of contact elements by a transfer mechanism movable between the transfer passage and the treating station.

Abstract: A multitrack PCM reproducing apparatus for reproducing PCM signals recorded on a plurality of tracks in a distributed relation, comprises a signal selector circuit sequentially selecting the PCM signals reproduced from the individual tracks, an A/D converter converting the reproduced signals selected by the signal selector circuit into digital signals, a memory circuit storing the digital signals obtained by the A/D conversion, a single digital filter equalizing for each track the waveform of the digital signals stored in the memory circuit, and a signal processor circuit demodulating the PCM signals on the basis of the digital signals processed by the digital filter.

Abstract: A transfer device of a sheet object in which at least one position adjustment piece is fitted in one transfer bar and at least two position adjustment pieces are fitted in another transfer bar, and in which a spacing between the two transfer bars as well as positions of the position adjustment pieces are adjustable.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting and correcting code errors in processing a digital signal such as a digital audio signal are disclosed. An error word correcting parity word generated from a plurality of data words is added to the plurality of data words to form a first frame, and the data words and the parity word of a plurality of different first frames are distributed in a second frame and a plurality of additional parity words for detecting and correcting error words in the second frame are added to the second frame to form a Reed-Solomon code. The code errors are detected and corrected using this code. A code error rate counter is provided, and when an output of the code error counter exceeds a predetermined count, the code error correction is inhibited for a predetermined time period or until the code error rate reaches a second predetermined code error rate.