Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus measures characteristics of an eye using a projection mechanism that projects a target onto a fundus of the eye in a plurality of meridional directions in a cornea of the eye so as to substantially cover all over the cornea. A detection mechanism detects a position of the target image projected onto the fundus. A processor calculates refractive power values in the meridional directions based on the positions detected by the detection mechanism. The results are graphically displayed to permit an operator to quickly understand and interpret the results at a glance.

Abstract: An examination apparatus for examining an object having a spheroidal reflecting surface provides a first index projecting optical system for projecting a first measuring index onto the object to be examined at a designated angle, a second index projecting optical system for projecting a second measuring index having a different optical distance from the first index onto the object at the designated angle, so that each reflected images of the first and second measuring index have a designated image height relationship therebetween when the object is placed at a designated working distance, and respective image height of reflected images of the first and second measuring index are detected by a detecting optical system with a photoelectric conversion apparatus, whereby whether the working distance between the object and the apparatus is right or not is judged by processing a signal detected by the photoelectric conversion apparatus.

Abstract: A visual acuity test mark displaying device comprises: a test mark selecting means provided with a plurality of test mark selecting keys which are operated for the sequential selection of visual acuity test marks; a display means for displaying visual acuity test marks selected by the test mark selecting means at a predetermined position; a specifying means for specifying optional key-mark combinations each of a test mark selecting key and a visual acuity test mark selected by operating the same test mark selecting key; an input means for entering data representing the arrangement of the visual acuity test marks specified by the specifying means; and a storage means for storing the optional key-mark combinations specified by the specifying means. The visual acuity test mark displaying device can be set for visual acuity test mark sets desired by the user and enables the change of the visual acuity test mark sets for which the same is set beforehand.

Abstract: Disclosed is a positioning mechanism of an ophthalmologic apparatus in which the operation property of the conventional mechanical vertical movement mechanism is kept while the feature of the vertical movement by means of electrical driving source or the like is utilized. That is, a positioning mechanism of an ophthalmologic apparatus for making positioning so as to obtain a predetermined height relationship between a subject eye and a measurement system or an inspection system of the ophthalmologic apparatus, comprises: a driving means for moving the measurement system or the inspection system relative to the subject eye; an operation knob to be operated for the operation of vertical movement; a speed detection means for detecting rotating speed of the operation knob; and a control means for non-linearly controlling the quantity of driving of the driving means relative to the rotation of the rotary knob on the basis of the result of detection of the speed detection means.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a corneal shape includes a projecting device projecting a set of point sources, which are substantially on a same circle, onto a cornea. A detecting optical system defects the positions of the point sources projected onto the cornea by the projecting device. A selecting device selects a plurality of the corneal reflection images detected by the detecting optical system, each of which consists of at least 3 points forming a part of the circle. A calculating device obtains a part of the corneal shape by presuming an ellipse containing the points of each selected group in the corneal reflection images. A displaying device displays the corneal shape based on the results obtained by the calculating device.