Abstract: A neural network for solving the problem of the optimization of the arrangement of N (at least two) parts which are combined with each other through connecting wires. After the weights of the synapses of a neuron which is allotted to each part are initially set, a learning process is repeated a predetermined number of times while satisfying restricting conditions. In the learning process, the fittest neurons for all the coordinates of the positions at which the parts are disposed are selected in accordance with a predetermined standard while serially updating the weights of the synapses of the other neurons so as to satisfy the restricting conditions. After the fittest neurons for all the coordinates of the positions are selected, judgement is made as to whether or not the arrangement obtained in the current learning cycle is closer to an optimal arrangement than any other arrangement which has been obtained in previous learning cycles.

Abstract: A management system of image forming apparatuses according to the present invention includes devices for transmitting information about maintenance of each of a plurality of image forming apparatuses such as copying machines, for example, the number of copies from the image forming apparatus to a centralized management apparatus through transmitting devices, and devices for finding, on the basis of the information about maintenance which is transmitted from the image forming apparatus to the centralized management apparatus, information for efficiently performing the maintenance work, for example, the scheduled date of the maintenance work of the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: An optical computer for performing product and/or sum operations on input vector information and matrix information includes an array of light emitting elements, the array having a plurality of columns and a plurality of rows. Input circuitry is provided for supplying input vector information to the array while matrix circuitry is provided for dynamically applying matrix information to the array. Logic circuitry is provided for performing one of a logical product and a logical sum operation on the input vector information and the matrix information and for generating an output thereof.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus can be achieved as, for example, a copying machine. The copying machine according to the present invention includes a handy scanner provided detachably from the main body of the copy machine and an additional data recording device for recording data read by the handy scanner as additonal data in addition to a mechanism for reading an image of a document disposed on an original glass plate to copy the same onto recording paper. The handy scanner can read arbitrary image data such as a figure, a designed character or a logotype. The image data read by the handy scanner is applied to the additional data recording device. If the paper on which the document image has been copied is provided to the additional data recording device, the additional data recording device records the additonal data at the rear of the paper on which the document image has been copied.

Abstract: An industrial microbicidal/microbistatic composition which comprises (1) 4,5-dichloro-1,2-dithiol-3-one and (2) N-dodecylguanidine hydrochloride or N-dodecylguanidine acetate and a method of killing or inhibiting the growth of microbe or controlling slime formation using said composition.

Abstract: A liquid photocurable plastic composition is disclosed which comprises:(a) from 14% to 70% by weight of a polyurethane (meth)acrylate having a polyoxyalkylene structure in the backbone of the polyurethane, said polyurethane (meth)acrylate containing 0.8 to 8 weight percent of ethylenic unsaturation, from 50% to 98% by weight of the polyoxyalkylene structure, and having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 7,000;(b) from 5% to 40% by weight of a polyurethane (meth)acrylate having at least 15% by weight of a tricyclodecane structure in the backbone of the polyurethane and a number average molecular weight of from 500 to 1,000;(c) a reactive diluent; and(d) a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: A microbicidal/microbistatic composition for industrial use which contains 4,5-dichloro-1,2-dithiol-3-one and bromonitrostyrene and a method of killing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms or controlling slime formation using the composition.

Abstract: A reversible auto document feeder having a document feeding mechanism for feeding a document to a document placing position of an image forming apparatus, reversing the document, feeding the reversed document to the document placing position again, and discharging the document is provided with change means for changing to another control mode of controlling the document feeding mechanism so as to feed a document to the document placing position, reversing the document after copying, feeding the reversed document to the document placing position again, and discharging the document after copying in accordance with an ADF signal from the image forming apparatus. Consequently, even if attached to image forming apparatus capable of sending only an ADF signal, RADF operation can be performed in accordance with the ADF signal.

Abstract: A heavy duty radial tire comprises a tread portion, a pair of sidewall portions, a pair of bead portions, a carcass of at least two plies and a breaker, wherein each ply is composed of cords of aromatic copolyamide fiber having particular units A and B and a specific rubber composition having 100% modulus of 35-50 kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic radial tire for use in airplanes and the like is disclosed, which comprises a toroidal radial carcass, a belt superimposed about a crown region of the carcass, and a bead portion reinforcement comprised of a main chafer made from aromatic polyamide fiber cords, and an auxiliary chafer of at least two outer cord layers and at least two inner cord layers having a triangular truss structure defined by three cord layers among such four cord layers that the cords of the two outer cord layers are crossed with each other with respect to the meridional plane of the tire and the cords of the two inner cord layers are crossed with each other with respect to the meridional plane.

Abstract: An automatic document feeding device additionally provided with a function of feeding the original to the transparent platen at a first feed position thereof when the original is fed from the original feeding section to the original delivering section, and feeding the original to the transparent platen at a second feed position thereof adjacent to the first feed position above-mentioned, when the original is fed from the original reversing section to the original delivering section, thereby an electrophotographic copying apparatus can be additionally provided easily with a function of respectively copying the obverse and reverse sides of the original on the same copying paper at its right- and left-half portions so that the copied paper will be a double truck.

Abstract: A toner density control method applicable after detection of a toner empty condition. After each copying operation, in copying machines, a simulated original is exposed to produce a corresponding electrostatic latent image, which image is developed periodically to provide a toner image for detection of the toner image density. If a toner empty condition is detected, a toner density level lower than normal is compared with the detected toner density and then the normal toner density level is compared with the detected level. A toner density control device for forming copies having different colors is likewise disclosed. The optimum density data for development are preset according to the color of the toner contained in the developing device. Electrostatic latent images are developed and compared with the detected density level of the toner image so that a relative decrease in toner image density can be compensated by driving the toner supply device.

Abstract: An operation panel is provided in a copying machine wherein a print key is mounted on the right end part, various data displays are mounted on the center part, a set magnification display is formed at one end of these various data displays in the longitudinal direction thereof, and a set density display is formed at the other end thereof. A magnification setting key is mounted close to the set magnification display, and a density setting key is mounted close to the set density display. An original size display symbol is formed close to one side edge of the displays in the lateral direction, and a copy paper size display symbol is formed close to the other end thereof. Various function selecting keys are mounted somewhat apart from the various data displays. Before starting copying operation, display of the data that is to be set and entered by the operator is cleared. Display of set data is cleared during setting of the copy image density by automatic exposure.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic radial tire for use in airplanes and the like is disclosed, which comprises a toroidal radial carcass, a belt superimposed about a crown region of the carcass and composed of at least three cord layers, and a bead portion reinforcement consisting of a stiffener composed of a hard rubber stock and a soft rubber stock, a main chafer made from aromatic polyamide fiber cords, and an auxiliary chafer of at least two cord layers covering the outside of said main chafer and at least one cord layer arranged along the inside of the turnup portion as an inner cord layer, and having such a triangular truss structure that cords of at least two cord layers are arranged at inclination angles of 65.degree..about.90.degree. and 35.degree..about.55.degree. with respect to the meridional plane of the tire, respectively, and cords of the remaining cord layer are arranged at an inclination angle of -50.degree..about.70.degree. with respect to the meridional plane.

Abstract: An apparatus for abrasive cleaning comprising a truck adapted to run on the surface to be cleaned and at least one abrasive cleaner supported by a supporting mechanism on the truck and limitedly movable toward or away from the surface, the abrasive cleaner having an abrasive cleaning tool at its lower end, said or each abrasive cleaner being supported by the supporting mechanism so as to be limitedly tiltable in every direction with respect to an axis approximately perpendicular to the surface, the supporting mechanism being provided with a compression spring for biasing the abrasive cleaner away from the surface. Even when the surface to be cleaned has an undulation, the abrasive cleaner tilts with respect to the axis to hold the cleaning tool in uniform contact with the surface and assure a stable and uniform cleaning operation.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic tire having an improved durability is disclosed. This tire comprises a carcass of a bias structure composed of at least 12 rubberized laminated ply layers each containing organic fiber cords embedded therein, and divided into three inner, middle and outer ply groups by three bead cores, the cords of which are crossed with each other, as a reinforcement for a toroidal casing inclusive of a tread. In a region extending from an upper area of a bead portion of the casing within a range of 0.15 to 0.45 times a tire height as measured from a bead base of the tire, at least an average cord distance between adjacent ply layers at the middle and outer ply groups is made substantially wider than at the inner ply group and a cord distance between adjacent ply layers at the outer ply group is made substantially not more than at the middle ply group.

Abstract: A process for producing a polymer having functional groups at its chain terminals, which comprises reacting a polymer having alkali metal atoms at its chain terminals with an alkylene oxide or sulfide in a hydrocarbon medium having a solubility parameter of 7.2 or less at 25.degree. C. This process makes it possible to produce the said polymer in a short period of time without necessitating a large power for agitation. According to this process, there can be produced a polymer having a functionality near the theoretical functionality in a short period of time.