Abstract: A group of high order subfields and a group of low order subfields are provided, at least one independent control subfield is provided in the group of low order subfields and in other low order subfields, two lines are simultaneously addressed using the same data. Hereby, a display and an image displaying method wherein an address control period is reduced, using this surplus time, the luminance is enhanced, multiple gradations are provided or a pseudo contour interference is reduced, the resolution information of a displayed image is limited and synthetic image quality is enhanced are provided.

Abstract: The display device substrate according to the present invention is arranged so that: a source line is provided on an area on which a pixel electrode is not provided, and a gap is provided between the source line and the pixel electrode, and a black matrix (light shielding film) which covers a surface of the source line overlaps with the pixel electrode. Thus, it is possible to prevent parasitic capacitance (Csd) between the pixel electrode and the source line from becoming uneven in a display area, so that it is possible to reduce display unevenness of a liquid crystal display device using the present display device substrate.

Abstract: Process for producing a flexible wiring board by etching a metal foil halfway to form a thick film part and a thin film part, etching the thin film part in order to form a first wiring film having the thick film part and a second wiring film having the thin film part with the first wiring film having a larger thickness than the second wiring film. The sectional area and electrical resistance of the first wiring film can be enlarged, even in cases where the first wiring film and the second wiring film have almost the same width, because of the larger film thickness of the first wiring film.

Abstract: A PDP apparatus in which degradation in image quality such as display missing points does not occur, even if the peak luminance is increased, has been disclosed. In the PDP apparatus, the display load ratio of each subfield is detected and a sustain pulse cycle is changed according to the display load ratio of each subfield. Moreover, an adaptive sustain pulse number change means is provided, which calculates the total amount of variations in time by summing the variations in time in a display field caused by the changes in the sustain pulse cycles and increases/decreases the number of sustain pulses of each subfield according to the total amount of variations in time.

Abstract: Information relating to an order for a menu item displayed on a menu table that is held in a menu table holding part can be transmitted to an order management apparatus by simply operating a direct key with which the aforesaid order information has previously been made to associate. In addition, by making information relating to an order for each of menu items that are frequently ordered or store-recommended to associate with the direct-key, an effect of sales promotion can be expected.

Abstract: In an active-matrix liquid crystal display device, each of multiple pixels includes a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel, through which different voltages are applicable to a portion of the liquid crystal layer. Each of the first and second sub-pixels includes a liquid crystal capacitor defined by a counter electrode and a sub-pixel electrode that faces the counter electrode by way of the liquid crystal layer, and a storage capacitor defined by a storage capacitor electrode, an insulating layer, and a storage capacitor counter electrode. The storage capacitor electrode is electrically connected to the sub-pixel electrode, and the storage capacitor counter electrode faces the storage capacitor electrode by way of the insulating layer. The counter electrode is shared by the first and second sub-pixels and the storage capacitor counter electrodes of the first and second sub-pixels are electrically independent of each other.

Abstract: A PDP apparatus in which degradation in image quality such as display missing points does not occur, even if the peak luminance is increased, has been disclosed. In the PDP apparatus, the display load ratio of each subfield is detected and a sustain pulse cycle is changed according to the display load ratio of each subfield. Moreover, an adaptive sustain pulse number change means is provided, which calculates the total amount of variations in time by summing the variations in time in a display field caused by the changes in the sustain pulse cycles and increases/decreases the number of sustain pulses of each subfield according to the total amount of variations in time.

Abstract: A driving method and a PDP apparatus of a dot-matrix type PDP, in which a display of high-luminance and high-quality can be obtained when driven by the interlacing method, have been disclosed. In the driving method to drive, using the interlacing method, a dot matrix type AC plasma display panel comprising display electrodes that are arranged adjacently, extend in the same direction, and execute a light-emitting action in each display cell, and a rib that separates individual display cells, wherein a display line is formed between every pair of the display electrodes, the data in a line of the interlaced signal is displayed simultaneously in two neighboring lines and the centers of display are shifted in the odd field and the even field.

Abstract: A PDP apparatus, the peak luminance of which has been improved with little modification of the existing circuit structure, has been disclosed, in which a thinning process that shortens an address period by hiding part of display lines in a fixed subfield of a low luminance is performed, the saved time is increased by an amount corresponding to that from which the luminance weight (the number of sustain discharge pulses, that is, the length of the sustain discharge period) of the thinned subfield of a low luminance is subtracted, and the remaining time is allocated at the ratio of the luminance weights on completion of the first step in each subfield.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including (a) a semiconductor chip, (b) a wiring making. electrical connection with the semiconductor chip and containing copper (Cu) therein, (c) a solder ball making contact with the wiring and containing tin (Sn) therein, and (d) a layer made of copper-tin (Cu—Sn) alloy, sandwiched between the wiring and the solder ball, and having a thickness equal to or greater than about 1.87 micrometers. The copper-tin alloy layer strengthens connection between the wiring and the solder ball, and hence, ensures reduction in occurrence of breakage and/or cracking in the wiring and the solder ball. As a result, it would be possible to avoid the solder ball from being separated from the wiring due to the breakage and cracking. Accordingly, a fabrication yield of the semiconductor device can be enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention permits a data related to a destination used in an order reception operation of a goods delivery service to be acquired from an address information stored in an address information file retained in a portable electronic terminal, thus leading to utilization of the address information stored in the address information file as the data related to the destination used in the order reception operation of the goods delivery service. Thereby, a manual input of addresses, etc., in a product sales data processing system can be saved. Accordingly, a store with installation of the sales data processing system will achieve shortening of operation time, improvement of work efficiency, and reduction of mistakes, and a customer who owns the portable electronic terminal will be able to enjoy enhancement of the convenience and serviceability.

Abstract: This invention permits the customer information used for a ticketing operation to be acquired from the owner information stored in an owner information file of a portable electronic terminal, thus leading to utilization of the owner information such as addresses, etc. stored in the owner information file for a ticketing operation as the customer information. Thereby, a manual input of addresses, etc., in a product sales data processing apparatus can be saved. Accordingly, a store with installation of the product sales data processing apparatus will achieve shortening of operation time, improvement of work efficiency, and reduction of mistakes, and a customer who owns the portable electronic terminal will be able to enjoy enhancement of the convenience and serviceability.

Abstract: A group of high order subfields and a group of low order subfields are provided, at least one independent control subfield is provided in the group of low order subfields and in other low order subfields, two lines are simultaneously addressed using the same data. Hereby, a display and an image displaying method wherein an address control period is reduced, using this surplus time, the luminance is enhanced, multiple gradations are provided or a pseudo contour interference is reduced, the resolution information of a displayed image is limited and synthetic image quality is enhanced are provided.

Abstract: A display and an image displaying method which ensure gradation expression by a sub field system limits display resolution information in predetermined sub fields, excluding a lower sub field, thereby shortening an address control period. Further, noise dots originated from error diffusion is made less noticeable dot by dot by independently controlling the least significant sub field. This limits the amount of resolution information of a displayed image and improves the general image quality.

Abstract: On a termination side of each scanning line is provided a charging switching element and a discharging switching element in parallel with each other, the charging switching element having a gate electrode which is connected with one end of a scanning auxiliary line, the other end of which is connected to a scanning line of the same stage, the discharging switching element having a gate electrode which is connected with one end of a scanning auxiliary line, the other end of which is connected to a scanning line of the following stage.

Abstract: Flexible wiring boards showing a small electrical resistance and yet having a small width.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including (a) a semiconductor chip, (b) a wiring making electrical connection with the semiconductor chip and containing copper (Cu) therein, (c) a solder ball making contact with the wiring and containing tin (Sn) therein, and (d) a layer made of copper-tin (Cu—Sn) alloy, sandwiched between the wiring and the solder ball, and having a thickness equal to or greater than about 1.87 micrometers. The copper-tin alloy layer strengthens connection between the wiring and the solder ball, and hence, ensures reduction in occurrence of breakage and/or cracking in the wiring and the solder ball. As a result, it would be possible to avoid the solder ball from being separated from the wiring due to the breakage and cracking. Accordingly, a fabrication yield of the semiconductor device can be enhanced.

Abstract: A printed circuit board is connected to a single-layer wiring tape so as to surround an integrated circuit element which is connected to the single-layer wiring tape. Wiring patterns of the wiring tape are formed from either a power electrode or a ground electrode on the integrated circuit element to a planar metal pattern on the printed circuit board, from the planar metal pattern on the printed circuit board to either an external power terminal or an external ground terminal on the wiring tape, and from a signal electrode on the integrated circuit element to an external signal terminal on the wiring tape.

Abstract: A method of preventing a decrease in sweetness of thamatin, characterized in that, chitosan or hydrolyzed chitosan is added to thaumatin in an amount which is effective for prevention of a decrease in sweetness of thaumatin.

Abstract: A door switch apparatus is provided in an automatic vending machine to cut off electric power to exposed electrical devices mounted on the inside face of the vending machine's service door when the door is opened. The switch is constructed with safeguard members to protect against inadvertent contact by a service person, ensuring that the exposed electrical devices will not be electrified until the service person closes the service door.