Abstract: By homogeneously mixing a plurality of fluids, when mixing a gas with a liquid, it is possible to mix a large amount of gas into the liquid, so that large bubbles are not generated, and fine bubbles (in some cases, fine bubbles including microbubbles or ultra-fine bubbles) can be mixed into the liquid. A fluid mixing output apparatus of the present disclosure includes a housing and an internal structure accommodated in the housing. The housing is provided with a plurality of fluid supply ports for supplying at least a first fluid and a second fluid and a fluid outlet at its downstream end for outputting a plurality of fluids after mixing the plurality of fluids. The internal structure includes a first portion, a second portion, a third portion, and a fourth portion. The first portion includes a shaft portion and a vane spirally formed to generate a swirling flow in a fluid.

Abstract: Provided are an internal structure capable of generating fine bubbles without increasing a flow rate, a flow characteristic changing apparatus, and a utilization apparatus thereof. An internal structure which is accommodated in a housing and configured to change characteristics of a fluid with respect to the fluid includes a first internal structure and a second internal structure. The first internal structure has a flow characteristic providing portion having a structure of at least one hollow venturi tube. The second internal structure is in the form of a hollow shaft, accommodates at least a portion of the first internal structure inside the hollow shaft, and has a body portion having a plurality of protrusions formed on an outer surface thereof.

Abstract: A fluid supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention includes a housing and an internal structure which is housed in the hosing. The internal structure includes a shaft portion and a plurality of protrusions protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion. A plurality of flow paths are formed between the plurality of protrusions, and a groove having a predetermined depth from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion is formed in each of at least a part of the plurality of flow paths.

Abstract: A fluid supply pipe comprises a tubular body and an internal structure. The tubular body has an inlet through which a fluid flows in and an outlet through which the fluid flows out, and is of a hollow shape having an inner wall surface of a circular cross section. The internal structure is a prismatic shaft having a plurality of lateral faces configured to be housed in and fixed to the tubular body. A plurality of pillars are arranged in a mesh pattern on the lateral faces. A space formed between the plurality of pillars between the lateral faces of the internal structure and the inner wall surface of the tubular body serves as fluid flow paths, and the fluid is given a flow characteristic by passing through the flow paths between the plurality of pillars while the fluid is supplied from the inlet and flows out of the outlet.

Abstract: A fluid supply pipe according to an embodiment of the invention includes a first internal structure, a second internal structure, and a pipe body configured to house the first internal structure and the second internal structure, and the pipe body has an inlet and an outlet. The first internal structure includes a head portion comprising a plurality of spiral vanes, and a body portion positioned downstream from the head portion and comprising a plurality of protrusions on its outer circumferential surface. The second internal structure formed in a hollow shaft shape includes a head portion comprising a plurality of spiral vanes, and a body portion positioned downstream from the head portion and comprising a plurality of protrusions on its outer circumferential surface. At least a part of the first internal structure is housed in the hollow of the second internal structure.

Abstract: A fluid supply pipe according to an embodiment of the invention includes a first internal structure, a second internal structure, and a pipe body configured to house the first internal structure and the second internal structure, and the pipe body has an inlet and an outlet. The first internal structure includes a head portion comprising a plurality of spiral vanes, and a body portion positioned downstream from the head portion and comprising a plurality of protrusions on its outer circumferential surface. The second internal structure formed in a hollow shaft shape includes a head portion comprising a plurality of spiral vanes, and a body portion positioned downstream from the head portion and comprising a plurality of protrusions on its outer circumferential surface. At least a part of the first internal structure is housed in the hollow of the second internal structure.

Abstract: A fluid supply pipe according to an embodiment of the invention includes a first internal structure, a second internal structure, and a pipe body configured to house the first internal structure and the second internal structure, and the pipe body has an inlet and an outlet. The first internal structure includes a head portion comprising a plurality of spiral vanes, and a body portion positioned downstream from the head portion and comprising a plurality of protrusions on its outer circumferential surface. The second internal structure formed in a hollow shaft shape includes a head portion comprising a plurality of spiral vanes, and a body portion positioned downstream from the head portion and comprising a plurality of protrusions on its outer circumferential surface. At least a part of the first internal structure is housed in the hollow of the second internal structure.

Abstract: A fluid supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention includes a housing and an internal structure which is housed in the hosing. The internal structure includes a shaft portion and a plurality of protrusions protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion. A plurality of flow paths are formed between the plurality of protrusions, and a groove having a predetermined depth from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion is formed in each of at least a part of the plurality of flow paths.

Abstract: A fluid supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention includes an internal structure and a housing such as a pipe body configured to house the internal structure. The internal structure includes a first portion, a second portion, a third portion, and a fourth portion formed integrally on a common shaft member having a circular cross-section. The first portion is positioned upstream of the housing when the internal structure is housed in the housing and includes a shaft portion and a at least one spiral vane. The second portion is positioned downstream from the first portion and includes a shaft portion and a plurality of protrusions. The third portion is positioned downstream from the second portion and includes a shaft portion and at least one spiral vane. The fourth portion is positioned downstream from the third portion and includes a shaft portion and a plurality of protrusions.

Abstract: A fluid supply pipe according to an embodiment of the invention includes a first internal structure, a second internal structure, and a pipe body configured to house the first internal structure and the second internal structure, and the pipe body has an inlet and an outlet. The first internal structure includes a head portion comprising a plurality of spiral vanes, and a body portion positioned downstream from the head portion and comprising a plurality of protrusions on its outer circumferential surface. The second internal structure formed in a hollow shaft shape includes a head portion comprising a plurality of spiral vanes, and a body portion positioned downstream from the head portion and comprising a plurality of protrusions on its outer circumferential surface. At least a part of the first internal structure is housed in the hollow of the second internal structure.

Abstract: A fluid supply pipe according to an embodiment of the invention includes an internal structure and a pipe body configured to house the internal structure. The pipe body has an inlet and an outlet and has a circular cross-section. The internal structure includes a first portion for diffusing a fluid flowing into the fluid supply pipe through the inlet radially from the center of the fluid supply pipe, the first portion being placed in the inlet side of the pipe body when the internal structure is housed in the pipe body, a second portion placed downstream from the first portion and including a plurality of spiral vanes to swirl the fluid diffused by the first portion, and a third portion placed downstream from the second portion and including a plurality of protrusions on its outer circumferential surface.

Abstract: The subject of the disclosed technology is, when a crypto-processing is performed utilizing an information processing device buried in an IC card, etc., to decrease the relationship between the waveform of the consumption current and the contents of the crypto-processing as a countermeasure against a tamper which observes the waveform of a consumption current. A solution means is shown in the following. When a decryption processing of an RSA cryptogram is performed according to CRT, in step 608, for every unit bit block of XP a modular exponentiation calculation is performed, and the partial result of CP up to the calculated bit block is stored in a memory. In step 609, for every unit bit block of XQ a modular exponentiation calculation is performed and the partial result of CQ up to the calculated bit block is stored in a memory.

Abstract: A modified bipolar transistor defined for providing a larger emitter current than a basic emitter current from a basic bipolar transistor is provided. The modified transistor has an improved emitter structure comprising plural divided sub-emitter regions electrically isolated and spatially separated from each other. The plural divided sub-emitter regions may typically have a uniform emitter size identical with a basic emitter size of the basic bipolar transistor. A set of the plural divided sub-emitter regions provides an intended emitter current distinctly larger than the basic emitter current by a highly accurate direct current amplification factor corresponding to an intended emitter-size magnification factor.

Abstract: A modified bipolar transistor defined for providing a larger emitter current than a basic emitter current from a basic bipolar transistor is provided. The modified transistor has an improved emitter structure comprising plural divided sub-emitter regions electrically isolated and spatially separated from each other. The plural divided sub-emitter regions may typically have a uniform emitter size identical with a basic emitter size of the basic bipolar transistor. A set of the plural divided sub-emitter regions provides an intended emitter current distinctly larger than the basic emitter current by a highly accurate direct current amplification factor corresponding to an intended emitter-size magnification factor.

Abstract: A RFID tag structure determining the authenticity of an article, and an information processing system for reading RFID tags, enable authenticity determinations of articles using read only RFID tags. A plurality of RFID tags, each holding tag information inside ROM (read-only memory) and responding to tag information via a radio wave received from a reader, are designed to have a service identifier which designates a common utilization goal for which the same value is set, and service data which sets different values for the respective RFID tags, as tag information. By dividing the data structure of a RFID tag having a read-only memory into a service identifier, which is common to a certain product, and sequential data for managing individual products, it is possible to confirm that an article is authentic by simply confirming the service identifier.

Abstract: The present invention provides a service system using a certificate which is easily portable and difficult to counterfeit. The feature of the invention is to use a contactless IC chip as a portable certificate. An IC chip-attached seal is thin and small, and therefore is easily portable and distributable to a user. By integrating or attaching (or sticking) the IC chip into or on a certificate 3910, the counterfeiting of the certificate 3910 becomes difficult.

Abstract: A method, by which if a reissued smart card is issued based on an old smart card, the application program loaded in the old smart card is smoothly reloaded in the reissued smart card, is disclosed. Its specific configuration will be described as below. A method for loading an application program in a smart card comprises the steps of: in response to a request for loading one application program for a smart card in the smart card that has been reissued based on an old smart card, judging whether or not said one application program was loaded in the old smart card, according to a relationship between a card id of the reissued smart card and a card id of the old smart card; and if it is found out that said one application program was loaded, loading said one application program in the reissued smart card.

Abstract: A contactless IC chip is mounted or adhered on a certificate and used in a service system having an interrogator and a computer system. The interrogator and the computer system are interconnected via a network such as the Internet. The IC chip is used as an electronic tag and the interrogator receives first information by reading information printed on the certificate including a digital signature and by receiving second information from the electronic tag through an antenna of the interrogator. Then, the first information from the certificate and the digital signature are used by the computer to calculate third information that is compared with the second information received from the electronic tag. If the comparison results in a match, then the certificate is deemed authentic.

Abstract: It is a technological object of the present invention to provide an information processing device, a card and a card system that have a high level of security. In order to achieve the object described above, the present invention provides a data processing apparatus comprising at least a first information processing device and a second information processing device connected to the first information processing device by a signal line, the data processing apparatus having a means for changing power consumption on the signal line during transmission of a signal through the signal line in accordance with an actual state of the power consumption that would be observed when the means were not used.