Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus includes a processing chamber in which a sample is subjected to plasma processing, a first radio frequency power supply that supplies radio frequency power for generating plasma, a sample stage on which the sample is mounted, and a second radio frequency power supply that supplies radio frequency power to the sample stage, the plasma processing apparatus further includes a DC power supply that applies a DC voltage, that is changed according to a periodically repeated waveform, to the sample stage, and the waveform of one cycle has a period in which amplitude changes by a predetermined amount or more during a predetermined time. Accordingly, charged particles on a wafer surface are removed, a trench shape with high verticality can be obtained, and damage to a film that is not to be etched inside a trench can be reduced.

Abstract: Electrophoretic display units (1) comprising pixels (11) situated between common electrodes (6) and pixel electrodes (5) need, for shortening the total image update times, increased driving voltages across the pixels (11) which endanger transistors (12) coupled to the pixel electrodes (5). These increased driving voltage (V6) to the common electrode (6). To protect the transistors (12) against these increased driving voltages, a setting signal (S1, S2) is supplied to the pixel electrode (5) via the transistor (12) for reducing a voltage across the pixel (11) resulting from a transition in the alternating voltage signal (V6). During driving frame periods (Fd) data pulses (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6) are supplied, and during setting frame periods (Fs), the setting signals (S1, S2) are supplied.

Abstract: It is an object to provide an active matrix liquid crystal display device capable of effectively eliminating flicker with a simple structure.

Abstract: An image display device having a voltage supplying device generating a first changing voltage for setting a transistor to an on-state and a second changing voltage for setting a transistor to an off-state to operate so as to establish a first supply mode, a second supply mode and a third supply mode to a plurality of gate buses for determining the corrected common electrode voltage.

Abstract: It is an object to provide an active matrix liquid crystal display device capable of effectively eliminating flicker with a simple structure.

Abstract: In an RGBW-type liquid crystal display device, luminance is improved by the addition of W sub-pixels while an image is displayed without any change in chromaticity of halftones. Digital corrected values of red, green and blue are obtained by adding a predetermined digital value for driving a W sub-pixel to each of RGB digital values which correspond respectively to pixels of an acquired image. A converting calculation is effected on the digital corrected values such that the ratio of these digital corrected values for red, green and blue is made equal to the ratio of the red, green and blue digital values corresponding to the pixels of said acquired image. The RGBW sub-pixels are driven with the converted values and the predetermined digital value of driving W sub-pixel to thereby display an image.

Abstract: A video signal interpolation can adapt an image of input video signal to voluntary aspect ratios widely. The invention also allows a display device to uniformly line-sequential scan and uses at least two line-memories (LM1, LM2) which are applied with an input digital video signal and controls writing and reading for these line-memories to generate a video signal subjected to vertical interpolation from a reading output of the line-memories. In the control, any one of the line-memories are circularly selected, and a sample sequence of the input digital video signal is sequentially written into the selected line-memory at its sample rate while sequentially reading out samples of the written sequence at a constant rate which is higher than the sample rate and which is according to a desired ratio of interpolation (vertical expansion ratio), wherein, when one of the line-memories is in writing operation, the other one of the line-memories is repeatedly read out.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide the miniaturized gray scale voltage outputting device.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display panel (1), comprises drive means (100) for controlling the potential difference of each picture element (2) to be a reset potential difference for enabling particles (6) to substantially occupy one of the extreme positions, and subsequently to be a grey scale potential difference for enabling the particles (6) to occupy the position corresponding to the image information.

Abstract: Electrophoretic display units (1) comprising pixels (11) situated between common electrodes (6) and pixel electrodes (5) need, for shortening the total image update times, increased driving voltages across the pixels (11) which endanger transistors (12) coupled to the pixel electrodes (5). These increased driving voltage (V6) to the common electrode (6). To protect the transistors (12) against these increased driving voltages, a setting signal (S1, S2) is supplied to the pixel electrode (5) via the transistor (12) for reducing a voltage across the pixel (11) resulting from a transition in the alternating voltage signal (V6). During driving frame periods (Fd) data pulses (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6) are supplied, and during setting frame periods (Fs), the setting signals (S1, S2) are supplied.

Abstract: Electrophoretic display units (100) comprising pixels (11) situated between a common electrode (6) and pixel electrodes (5) need, for shortening the total image update times, increased driving voltages across the pixels (11) which make disturbances more visible. To camouflage such disturbances, instead of one common electrode (6), different counter electrodes (16,17) coupled to different portions (66,67) of the electrophoretic display panel (60) are introduced. First and second counter electrodes (16,17) receive first and second voltage signals (V16, V17) lik˜ alternating voltage signals having opposite phases. First shaking data pulses (V16-VE1, V16-VE3) are supplied to the first portion (66) and second shaking data pulses (V17-VE2, V17-VE4) are supplied to the second portion (67), which first and second shaking data pulses have opposite amplitudes. Setting signals (S1,S2,S3,S4) supplied during setting frame period (FS) reduce voltage swings at pixel electrodes (5).

Abstract: A system implements a method of activating an electrophoretic display (10). First, the system receives image information (14) and generates a plurality of symmetric data frames (70) from the received image information. The symmetric data frames include symmetric pixel data (72) and substantially symmetric data-frame times (74). Thereafter, the system addresses the electrophoretic display (10) based on the symmetric pixel data and the substantially symmetric data-frame times.

Abstract: Electrophoretic display units (1,100) are provided with switching circuits (50) to reduce the energy necessary for supplying data pulses (DP1, DP2) to pixels (11) via a data electrode (31,32,33,34). This energy is proportional to a differential voltage to be realised and to a capacitance (13) to be charged or discharged, which is formed by a combination of a capacitance of the pixel (11) and a capacitance of the active matrix. Due to this capacitance of the active matrix being much larger, a relatively large amount of energy is necessary. The switching circuit (50) couples the data electrode (31,32,33,34) to a voltage reference source (REF) like ground between two selection pulses (SP1, SP2) to be supplied sequentially to two respective pixels (11) coupled to the same data electrode (31,32,33,34). This reduces the amount of discharging to be realized by the data drivers (3). As a result, the maximum energy necessary is reduced.

Abstract: The electrophoretic display panel (1) for displaying a picture has a plurality of pixels (2) and drive means (100). Each pixel (2) has two electrodes (3, 4) for receiving a potential difference and charged particles (6) capable of occupying a number of different positions between the electrodes (3, 4). The drive means (100) are able to supply a sequence of potential difference pulses to each pixel (2), each sequence having, to display the picture, a picture pulse for bringing the particles (6) into one of the positions.

Abstract: The electrophoretic display panel (1), for displaying a picture and a subsequent picture, has drive means (100) which are arranged for controlling the potential difference picture potential difference having a picture value and an associated picture duration representing a picture energy for bringing the particles (6) from one the positions for displaying the picture, and subsequently to be an inter-picture potential difference for bringing the particles (6) into one of the extreme positions which is closest to the position of the particles (6) for displaying the subsequent picture, and subsequently to be a subsequent picture potential difference for bringing the particles (6) into one of the positions for displaying the subsequent picture.

Abstract: Electrophoretic display units (1) having fixed frame times are driven relatively unflexibly. By introducing line driving signals having timing parameters, the frame rates can be made variable. With variable frame rates, the optical disturbance from shaking pulses (Sh) is reduced and the number of gray values is increased. The timing parameters comprise delays of starts of line driving signals and/or comprise durations of line driving signals. The lines preferably comprise rows. All possible column driving signals and, per column driving signal or per frame, a row delay parameter defining a row delay time, are stored in a memory coupled to the controller (20). Shaking pulses (Sh) are supplied at minimum row delay time, reset pulses (R) are supplied at maximum row delay time, and driving pulses (Dr) are supplied at flexible row delay time, which corresponds with a product of a predefined timeinterval and a step value defined by a number of bits.

Abstract: Electrophoretic display units (1) are driven more flexibly by creating sequences of frame periods in which at least two frame periods of the sequence of frame periods have a different frame period duration and by selecting frame periods from a sequence of frame periods for providing driving pulses to the pixels (11). The number of possible gray values is increased, and the gray values can be generated more accurately. During the rest of the frame periods not chosen for driving the pixel (11), this pixel (11) keeps its gray value due to the bi-stable character. A frame period duration of a frame period is adapted by delaying a start of a next frame period. By supplying data-dependent signals having sections with a positive amplitude and with a negative amplitude, the net driving result is the difference between the sections with the positive and negative amplitudes, to further increase the number of possible gray values.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a image display device in which the component cost and the equipment cost are reduced and a voltage level of a common electrode is easily adjustable to an optimum level.

Abstract: This invention relates to an RGBW-typed LCD wherein a proper luminous image can be displayed according to a predetermined calculation with a decoder where some predetermined calculation formulas are embedded. Further, not only RGBW image display but also RGW image display can be used by a predetermined controlling signal.

Abstract: The device has an LCD panel 6, a digital circuit 1 and an analog circuit 2 which generate display signals to be supplied to the LCD panel 6, and has functions of normal mode and stand-by mode in a status where electric power is supplied from a power source 5. In the normal mode, a multivalued display signal which can represent gradation levels is generated and supplied to the LCD panel 6, while in the stand-by mode, a binary display signal which does not represent gradation levels is generated and supplied to the LCD panel 6.