Abstract: A flow cell includes a transparent planar member having a first principal surface and a second principal surface opposite to the first principal surface. The planar member has a through-hole that has a circular cross-sectional shape and that penetrates through the first principal surface and the second principal surface. The flow cell further includes a first lens element having a through-hole that has a circular cross-sectional shape. The first lens element is disposed on the first principal surface of the planar member such that the through-hole in the planar member communicates with the through-hole in the first lens element. The flow cell further includes a second lens element having a through-hole that has a circular cross-sectional shape. The second lens element is disposed on the second principal surface of the planar member such that the through-hole in the planar member communicates with the through-hole in the second lens element.

Abstract: A particle detector that includes an inspection light source that irradiates a flow cell with inspection light, the flow cell that allows a fluid containing a particle to flow therethrough, the flow cell including a semispherical reflective film that reflects reaction light generated by the particle irradiated with the inspection light, and a semispherical lens portion through which the reaction light reflected by the semispherical reflective film passes, an elliptical mirror that has a first focus at a position of the flow cell, and that reflects the reaction light having passed through the semispherical lens portion of the flow cell, and an optical detector that is disposed at a second focus of the elliptical mirror and that detects the reaction light reflected by the elliptical mirror.

Abstract: A particle detector that includes a flow cell that includes a through hole having a circular sectional shape and allowing a fluid containing a particle to flow therethrough, an inspection light source that irradiates the flow cell with inspection light in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the through hole, and an optical detector that detects reaction light generated by the particle and which exits the flow cell so as to be angled relative to a sector-shaped plane which has a vertex at an intersection point of the inspection light and the through hole of the flow cell, is parallel to an optical path of the inspection light, and is perpendicular to the extending direction of the through hole of the flow cell.

Abstract: A particle detecting device includes: a storing device that stores first boundary information wherein the third light intensity is recorded in a first range at a discriminating boundary for particles of first and second classifications, second boundary information wherein the third light intensity is recorded in a second range at a discriminating boundary for particles of first and second classifications, and discriminating information wherein identifiers for particles of the first and second classifications are recorded in cells bounded and not bounded by the discriminating boundary, respectively; and a particle identifying portion that evaluates a particle being measured as a particle of the first classification when the identifier for a particle of the first classification is acquired based on the measured values for the first and second light intensities and the measured value for the third light intensity falls between the first and second boundary values.

Abstract: A particle detecting device includes: a light measuring instrument that measures measured values for intensities of first, second, and third lights of mutually differing wavelengths, produced by particles to be measured; a boundary information storing portion that stores a non-linear discriminating boundary for separating a class of a first classification of particles and a class of a second classification of particles; and a particle classifying portion that classifies the particle being measured into either of the classifications for the first and second classifications of particles, based on measured values for the intensities of the first through third lights and on the discriminating boundary.

Abstract: A device, which detects particles in a liquid, includes: a flow cell through which a liquid flows; a light source that illuminates the flow cell with an inspection beam; a scattered light detector that detects scattered light that is produced in a region illuminated by the inspection beam; and an evaluating portion that evaluates that a particle is included in the liquid when the scattered light is detected for less than a prescribed time and evaluates that the flow cell is not filled with the liquid when the scattered light is detected for more than a prescribed time.

Abstract: A purified water manufacturing device monitoring system includes: a detecting device that illuminates, with an inspection beam, water either that is in a process of being manufactured or that has been manufactured by a purified water manufacturing device, detects light in a region illuminated by the inspection beam, and detects a microorganism or a non-microorganism particle included in the water; a measured value specifying portion that specifies a measured value for a number of microorganisms detected and specifies a measured value for a number of non-microorganism particles detected; and a state evaluating portion that evaluates that a problem has occurred in the purified water manufacturing device when either or both the measured value for the number of microorganisms and the measured value for the number of non-microorganism particles are greater than a prescribed value.

Abstract: A bush (20) includes a base material (45) that is disposed at a vehicle body (12), an inter ring (48) that is integrally disposed at the base material (45), and a surface layer (51) that is disposed inside the inter ring (48). The inter ring (48) is arranged along an opening (47) in such a manner as to surround the opening (47). The surface layer (51) includes an insertion hole (52) and is integrally formed from a self-adhesive elastic material into a thin wall shape. A stabilized rod (14) is inserted into the insertion hole (52).

Abstract: A microorganism detecting device is provided for illuminating a solution with light, for detecting fluorescent light that is produced by a microorganism included in the solution, and for detecting the number of microorganisms included in the solution. The microorganism detecting device includes a relationship storing device that stores a correlation relationship between a number of microorganisms in a solution and a number of colonies formed by the microorganisms on a culture medium, and a converting portion that uses the correlation relationship to convert, into a number of colonies that may be formed, the number of microorganisms detected by the microorganism detecting device.

Abstract: In a multiple disc clutch apparatus 10, a cam member 41 which is disposed on a side of a clutch inner member 16 is formed into an annular shape. The cam member 41 extends in a radial direction so that an outer circumferential surface of the cam member 41 is brought into abutment with a cylindrical face 19d on an inner circumferential surface of a clutch center member 19.

Abstract: In an oil cooler, a heat exchange core is housed in a casing including a cylindrical sidewall part in a way that a cooling water passage is formed around a heat exchange core. The heat exchange core includes inlet-side and outlet-side oil passages, and enables oil to be delivered from the inlet-side oil passage to the outlet-side oil passage. Inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the sidewall part. The inlet pipe forms a cooling water inlet passage in communication with the cooling water passage. The outlet pipe forms a cooling water outlet passage in communication with the cooling water passage. Outward of the inlet-side oil passage, an outwardly swelling part is formed in the sidewall part of the casing. This arrangement avoids the oil cooler being constructed in a large size and avoids decreasing the heat exchange efficiency of the oil cooler, and also prevents cavitation and erosion from occurring due to the flow of cooling water in an area corresponding to the inlet-side oil passage.

Abstract: To provide an exhaust device for a motorcycle for suppressing an exhaust resistance due to the thickness of an exhaust control valve. An exhaust device for a motorcycle is provided for an engine having a plurality of cylinders. A plurality of upstream exhaust pipes are respectively connected to exhaust ports for the cylinders with an exhaust control valve provided in the downstream exhaust pipe. A separator is provided in the exhaust manifold portion for separating the flows of exhaust gas. The exhaust control valve is located on the downstream side of the separator so that a main surface of the exhaust control valve in its fully open condition becomes substantially parallel to a main surface of the separator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel leakage preventing valve, involving no variations in valve closing characteristics, in which a vertically movable float valve is arranged in a chamber defined inside a housing and in which a valve seat of the housing communicating with an outside is opened and closed by the float valve, which has a protruding step portion formed upwardly at the center of an upper surface of the float valve, a retainer fixed to the upper surface side of the float valve, the retainer having a flange portion covering the upper surface of the float valve and a cage portion raised from the flange portion to define an accommodating space in conjunction with the protruding step portion of the float valve; and a valve body for opening and closing the valve seat of the housing is rockably accommodated in the accommodating space defined by the cage portion.

Abstract: In a multiple disc clutch apparatus 10, a cam member 41 which is disposed on a side of a clutch inner member 16 is formed into an annular shape. The cam member 41 extends in a radial direction so that an outer circumferential surface of the cam member 41 is brought into abutment with a cylindrical face 19d on an inner circumferential surface of a clutch center member 19.

Abstract: To provide an adequate biasing load to an endless transmission belt by biasing forces of a plurality of springs with different biasing forces and oil pressure biasing force to permit an easy adjustment. In a structure which includes an almost cylindrical plunger, a tensioner body into which the plunger is fitted, high pressure oil chambers are formed by the tensioner body and the plunger and supplied with oil pressure. Two tensioner springs, a rigid spring and a soft spring are supported by the tensioner body and are arranged in series for biasing the plunger. The plunger in its fully stretched state is supported by the serially arranged rigid and soft tensioner springs. In a condition when the plunger is pushed back from this fully stretched state by a prescribed amount or further, the plunger is supported by the rigid tensioner spring.

Abstract: A cut valve which is installed on a fuel tank and is adapted to shut off a vent passage between the interior of the fuel tank and the outside when a fuel level in the fuel tank has risen, including: a housing having: a cover having a lead-out pipe connected to an external pipe; a tubular body having a vent hole communicating with the lead-out pipe; and a bottom portion closing a lower surface of the tubular body; and a float valve which is adapted to open or close the vent hole by coming into contact with and moving away from a valve seat provided at a peripheral edge of the vent hole in the ceiling portion, wherein an inner periphery of the valve seat has a tapered shape in which its diameter is gradually enlarged in a direction toward the float valve.

Abstract: An approximately cylindrical housing is coupled to one pipe, and the other pipe having an annular protruding portion on an outer periphery at an end portion is inserted into the housing to be coupled. Inside the housing, are installed a stopper that is held at an initial position in close proximity to an opening portion of the housing and moves to a push-in position away from the opening portion of the housing when the other pipe is fully introduced inside, and a retainer having a locking piece that is inserted through an opening portion, formed in a top wall of the housing, in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the housing and engages with the annular protruding portion of the other pipe while the end portion of the other pipe is fully inserted. The retainer cannot be inserted unless the stopper moves to the push-in position.

Abstract: A breather apparatus for an internal combustion engine which, when casting a cylinder head cover, can improve the fluidity of molten metal and promote gas-liquid separation through effective use of an entire breather chamber. A breather apparatus for an internal combustion engine has a cylinder head cover in which a breather chamber is formed. In the breather chamber, a number of ribs extend from a side wall included in a peripheral wall of the chamber obliquely relative to a direction in which blowby gas flows in through inflow ports. The ribs extend up to where they are continuous with respective fixing bosses. The ribs include projecting lower edge portions which are partly cut out, forming respective concave portions.

Abstract: In an oil cooler, a heat exchange core is housed in a casing including a cylindrical sidewall part in a way that a cooling water passage is formed around a heat exchange core. The heat exchange core includes inlet-side and outlet-side oil passages, and enables oil to be delivered from the inlet-side oil passage to the outlet-side oil passage. Inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the sidewall part. The inlet pipe forms a cooling water inlet passage in communication with the cooling water passage. The outlet pipe forms a cooling water outlet passage in communication with the cooling water passage. Outward of the inlet-side oil passage, an outwardly swelling part is formed in the sidewall part of the casing. This arrangement avoids the oil cooler being constructed in a large size and avoids decreasing the heat exchange efficiency of the oil cooler, and also prevents cavitation and erosion from occurring due to the flow of cooling water in an area corresponding to the inlet-side oil passage.

Abstract: To reliably prevent knocking in all of the cylinders of a multicylinder engine by detecting an output signal from a knock sensor provided for only one of the cylinders. A cylinder barrel is formed with a knock sensor base on the side surface of only the third cylinder and a vibration type knock sensor is mounted on the knock sensor base. A water jacket is formed in an upper portion of the wall of the cylinder barrel. The knock sensor base is formed below the water jacket so as to prevent a problem such that knocking vibrations may be absorbed by the cooling water in the water jacket to cause a reduction in sensitivity of the knock sensor.