Abstract: Provided is a highly-sensitive image-capture element and an image capture device that can be simply manufactured, have little polarization dependency, and have micro-spectroscopic elements capable of separating incident light into three wavelength ranges integrated facing a pixel array. An image capture element has a transparent layer having a low refractive index made of SiO2 or the like and a plurality of micro-lenses laminated on a pixel array in which pixels each including a photoelectric conversion element are disposed in an array. Inside the transparent layer having the low refractive index, micro-spectroscopic elements composed of a plurality of microstructures having constant thickness (length in a direction perpendicular to the pixel array) formed of a material such as SiN having a higher refractive index than that of the transparent layer is embedded.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus includes an objective lens, an illumination optical system, an imaging optical system, and an optical path coupling member. The illumination optical system may illuminate a subject's eye with illumination light via the objective lens. The imaging optical system may guide returning light of the illumination light from the subject's eye to an imaging device via the objective lens. The optical path coupling member has a transparent member with a reflective region formed by evaporating a reflective film onto a part of a transmission region of its surface, and is configured to couple an optical path of the illumination optical system with an optical path of the imaging optical system. The transmission region may be arranged substantially conjugate optically to a subject's iris. The illumination light is reflected on the reflective region and the returning light is transmitted through the transmission region.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus includes an optical system having an illumination and imaging optical systems, a movement mechanism, and a controller. The illumination optical system may illuminate a fundus of a subject's eye with illumination light. The movement mechanism may relatively move the subject's eye and the optical system in an optical axis direction of the imaging optical system. When a corneal curvature radius is R and a distance from a corneal apex position to an imaging aperture conjugate position substantially conjugate optically to the imaging aperture is d, the controller may control the movement mechanism so that light amount of the returning light passing through the imaging aperture becomes less than when a distance in the optical axis direction between the imaging aperture conjugate position and a position of a corneal reflection image of the illumination light is (R/2?d).

Abstract: An ophthalmic information processing apparatus includes an acquisition unit and a normalizer. The acquisition unit is configured to acquire eye shape data or an intraocular distance of an eye of a subject. The normalizer is configured to normalize the eye shape data or the intraocular distance based on body data of the subject or a refractive power of the eye of the subject.

Abstract: Disclosed is a myopia progression analysis device including: an eye axial length acquisition section that acquires an eye axial length of an eye of a subject; a reference value acquisition section that acquires a numerical value related to a physical characteristic of the subject other than the eye axial length as a reference value; a relative eye axial length calculator that calculates a relative eye axial length through relativization of the eye axial length acquired by the eye axial length acquisition section using the reference value acquired by the reference value acquisition section; a population information acquisition section that acquires population information which is a set of information about relative eye axial lengths of a plurality of comparison targets to be compared with the subject; and a relative position information calculator.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus includes an illumination optical system including a slit in which a slit-shaped aperture is formed and an iris aperture in which two apertures are formed at positions away from an optical axis position, the iris aperture being arranged at a position substantially conjugate optically to an iris of a subject's eye between a light source and the slit, and configured to generate slit-shaped illumination light using light from the light source and to guide the illumination light to a fundus of the subject's eye; and an imaging optical system including an imaging aperture in which an aperture is formed, and configured to guide returning light of the illumination light to an image sensor, the returning light being guided from the fundus by pupil division and passing through the aperture formed in the imaging aperture.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus includes a light source, an illumination optical system, an optical scanner, an imaging optical system, and a controller. The illumination optical system is configured to generate slit-shaped illumination light using light from the light source. The optical scanner is configured to deflect the illumination light to guide the illumination light to a fundus of a subject's eye. The imaging optical system is configured to guide returning light of the illumination light from the fundus to an image sensor. The controller is configured to control the image sensor using a rolling shutter method.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus includes an acquiring unit, an OCT unit, an analyzer, and a calculator. The acquiring unit is configured to acquire a dioptric power in a first region including a fovea of a subject's eye. The OCT unit is configured to acquire OCT data of a fundus of the subject's eye using optical coherence tomography. The analyzer is configured to specify a shape of the fundus by analyzing the OCT data. The calculator is configured to calculate a dioptric power in a peripheral region of the first region of the fundus based on the dioptric power in the first region and the shape of the fundus.

Abstract: To provide an ophthalmologic device and a pupil state measuring method capable of securing accuracy of a measurement result of objective measurement and effective for investigating the cause of an error during objective measurement. A pupil state measuring method according to the present invention includes: an ocular characteristic measuring step of objectively measuring an ocular characteristic of a subject eye of a subject; an imaging step of substantially simultaneously imaging an anterior ocular segment of the subject eye from different directions using at least two imaging units in measuring the ocular characteristic; a measuring step of analyzing at least one image of images taken by the at least two imaging units to measure a pupil state of the subject eye; and a step of performing the imaging step and the measuring step in measuring the ocular characteristic.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiments includes an OCT optical system, an alignment unit, an image forming unit, a first calculator, and a second calculator. The OCT optical system is configured to acquire OCT data of a fundus of a subject's eye by projecting measurement light onto the fundus. The alignment unit is configured to perform alignment of the OCT optical system with reference to a predetermined site of the subject's eye. The image forming unit is configured to form a tomographic image of the fundus based on the OCT data acquired by the OCT optical system which has been aligned by the alignment unit. The first calculator is configured to calculate a first tilt angle of the tomographic image. The second calculator is configured to calculate a second tilt angle of the fundus by correcting the first tilt angle based on alignment result of the OCT optical system with respect to the predetermined site by the alignment unit.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiments includes an OCT optical system, an alignment unit, an image forming unit, a first calculator, and a second calculator. The OCT optical system is configured to acquire OCT data of a fundus of a subject's eye by projecting measurement light onto the fundus. The alignment unit is configured to perform alignment of the OCT optical system with reference to a predetermined site of the subject's eye. The image forming unit is configured to form a tomographic image of the fundus based on the OCT data acquired by the OCT optical system which has been aligned by the alignment unit. The first calculator is configured to calculate a first tilt angle of the tomographic image. The second calculator is configured to calculate a second tilt angle of the fundus by correcting the first tilt angle based on alignment result of the OCT optical system with respect to the predetermined site by the alignment unit.

Abstract: To provide an ophthalmologic device and a pupil state measuring method capable of securing accuracy of a measurement result of objective measurement and effective for investigating the cause of an error during objective measurement. A pupil state measuring method according to the present invention includes: an ocular characteristic measuring step of objectively measuring an ocular characteristic of a subject eye of a subject; an imaging step of substantially simultaneously imaging an anterior ocular segment of the subject eye from different directions using at least two imaging units in measuring the ocular characteristic; a measuring step of analyzing at least one image of images taken by the at least two imaging units to measure a pupil state of the subject eye; and a step of performing the imaging step and the measuring step in measuring the ocular characteristic.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus and method is provided for quickly and accurately aligning a measurement optical system with the vertex of the cornea of a subject's eye. The ophthalmic apparatus comprises a main body, an infrared detection system, a support portion, a driving unit, a visible light irradiation system placed coaxially with the apparatus main body and configured to irradiate the subject's eye, at least two photographing devices configured to substantially simultaneously photograph the subject's eye from different directions, a first alignment detection unit configured to acquire Purkinje images of the subject's eye, originating from infrared light, from at least two photographed images of the subject's eye and detect a position of the subject's eye from the Purkinje images, a second alignment detection unit, and a drive control unit to align the apparatus with the subject's eye.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus and method is provided for quickly and accurately aligning a measurement optical system with the vertex of the cornea of a subject's eye. The ophthalmic apparatus comprises a main body, an infrared detection system, a support portion, a driving unit, a visible light irradiation system placed coaxially with the apparatus main body and configured to irradiate the subject's eye, at least two photographing devices configured to substantially simultaneously photograph the subject's eye from different directions, a first alignment detection unit configured to acquire Purkinje images of the subject's eye, originating from infrared light, from at least two photographed images of the subject's eye and detect a position of the subject's eye from the Purkinje images, a second alignment detection unit, and a drive control unit to align the apparatus with the subject's eye.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus for measuring an ocular function in a non-contact manner, comprising two or more independent Z alignment detection systems for projecting an alignment light to an eye to be examined and detects a Z alignment position of the eye based on a reflection light from the eye and a control unit for controlling an alignment, wherein the Z alignment detection systems are adapted to have different magnifications, wherein the Z alignment detection systems project the reflection light from the eye to a common photodetection element and the control unit is adapted to execute a coarse Z alignment based on a signal obtained by a Z alignment detection system with a low magnification among the signals obtained from the photodetection element and to execute a precise Z alignment based on a signal obtained by a Z alignment detection system with a high magnification.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus (2) for measuring an ocular function in a non-contact manner, comprising two or more independent Z alignment detection systems (11, 12) for projecting an alignment light to an eye to be examined and detects a Z alignment position of the eye to be examined based on a reflection light from the eye to be examined and a control unit (56) for controlling an alignment, wherein the two or more Z alignment detection systems are adapted to have different magnifications, wherein the two or more Z alignment detection systems project the reflection light from the eye to be examined to a common photodetection element (36) and the control unit is adapted to execute a coarse Z alignment based on a signal obtained by a Z alignment detection system with a low magnification among the signals obtained from the photodetection element and to execute a precise Z alignment based on a signal obtained by a Z alignment detection system with a high magnification.

Abstract: There is provided a novel silane compound, di-sec-butoxy-n-propyl methoxysilane. The aforesaid silane compound is prepared by reacting n-propyl trihalosilane with sec-butanol and then reacting a resultant reaction product with methanol.

Abstract: A process for producing a 4-substituted azetidinone derivative represented by the following general formula ?III!: ##STR1## (wherein OR is a protected hydroxy group, Y is an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a silyloxy group, a carbamoyloxy group, an amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, and n is an integer of 0 or 1, provided that n does not represent 0 when Y is an alkoxy group, silyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group or amino group), characterized in that a 2-azetidinone derivative represented by the following general formula ?I!: ##STR2## (wherein OR is as defined above, and X is an alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group) is reacted with thiocarboxylic acid represented by the following general formula ?II!:HSCO--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Y ?II!(wherein Y and n are respectively as defined above) in an organic solvent in the presence of copper compounds.

Abstract: A catalyst for the polymerization of olefines comprises a solid catalytic component obtained by pre-polymerizing propylene in the presence of (A) a solid component containing magnesium, titanium, halogen and an electron-donating compound, (B) an organoaluminum compound, and (C) an alkylalkoxysilane represented by the formula, R.sup.1 Si(OR.sup.2)(OCH.sub.3).sub.2, wherein R.sup.1 represents a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 represents a branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkinyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms; (B) an organoaluminum compound; and (D) an alkyltrialkoxysilane represented by the formula, R.sup.3 Si(OR.sup.4).sub.2 (OCH.sub.3), wherein R.sup.3 represents a linear alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and R.sup.4 represents a branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkinyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the synthesis of .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated ketones which comprises, in the method for the synthesis of .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated ketones represented by general formula ##STR1## reacting aldehydes represented by general formulaR.sup.1 CHO(where R.sup.1 is as defined above) with alkali metal salt of acetoacetic acid represented by general formula ##STR2## (where M.sup..sym. is an alkali metal ion), in the presence as a catalyst of 3-azabicyclo[3,2,2]nonane, a cyclic secondary amine represented by general formula (1) ##STR3## a cyclic secondary amine represented by general formula (2) ##STR4## (where, l is 1 or more and up to 6, a ring with N is a 6-membered, 7-membered or 8-membered ring, the two neighbors of N are methylene, R.sup.3 is a lower alkyl group, its substitution position is at a carbon atom other than two those adjacent to N, and ##STR5## is an alicyclic group or a phenol group), or a secondary amine represented by general formula (3)CH.sub.3 NHCH.