Abstract: An apparatus for processing a hole with a rounded edge includes a punch having a rounded shape formed at a base portion of a cutting tip, and a die supporting a peripheral edge of a pierced hole formed through piercing by the cutting tip of the punch with a pressure receiving surface perpendicular to a punch axis. By driving the punch to make a single stroke motion, a hole is pierced in a work piece by the cutting tip of the punch to form the pierced hole and the rounded shape of the cutting tip is transferred onto a ridge portion on the side of a design surface of the pierced hole. This permits efficient processing of holes with a rounded edge. In addition, by supporting the peripheral edge of the pierced hole with the pressure receiving surface, a uniform and highly accurate rounded shape can be formed on the ridge portion of the pierced hole.

Abstract: A PC card has a card body portion in which a first card terminal portion is formed in one end and a second card terminal portion is formed in the other end. The card terminal portion has a chip slot. A SIM card inserted through an insertion port into the chip slot is electrically connected to a printed circuit board. The insertion port of the chip slot is opened in an outer side face of the second card terminal portion.

Abstract: A PC card has a card body portion in which a first card terminal portion is formed in one end and a second card terminal portion is formed in the other end. The card terminal portion has a chip slot. A SIM card inserted through an insertion port into the chip slot is electrically connected to a printed circuit board. The insertion port of the chip slot is opened in an outer side face of the second card terminal portion.

Abstract: A PC card has a card body portion in which a first card terminal portion is formed in one end and a second card terminal portion is formed in the other end. The card terminal portion has a chip slot. A SIM card inserted through an insertion port into the chip slot is electrically connected to a printed circuit board. The insertion port of the chip slot is opened in an outer side face of the second card terminal portion.

Abstract: A PC card has a card body portion in which a first card terminal portion is formed in one end and a second card terminal portion is formed in the other end. The card terminal portion has a chip slot. A SIM card inserted through an insertion port into the chip slot is electrically connected to a printed circuit board. The insertion port of the chip slot is opened in an outer side face of the second card terminal portion.

Abstract: An apparatus for deflecting light of the present invention comprises: (a) at least one pair of transference electrodes arranged facing one another; (b) a drive circuit which applies a voltage among the transference electrodes; and (c) a liquid crystal which is inserted among the transference electrodes, and whose parallel stripes that function as a diffraction grating when the voltage is applied among the transference electrodes are produced at a pitch corresponding to the applied voltage. The light can be scanned if a diffracted light by the apparatus for deflecting light is converted into a scanning light and a voltage value is changed temporally to apply the voltage among the transference electrodes. In a device for reading information, the scanning light is reflected in a bar code and the reflected light is detected by an apparatus for detecting light.

Abstract: An apparatus for deflecting light of the present invention comprises: (a) at least one pair of transference electrodes arranged facing one another; (b) a drive circuit which applies a voltage among the transference electrodes; and (c) a liquid crystal which is inserted among the transference electrodes, and whose parallel stripes that function as a diffraction grating when the voltage is applied among the transference electrodes are produced at a pitch corresponding to the applied voltage. The light can be scanned if a diffracted light by the apparatus for deflecting light is converted into a scanning light and a voltage value is changed temporally to apply the voltage among the transference electrodes. In a device for reading information, the scanning light is reflected in a bar code and the reflected light is detected by an apparatus for detecting light.

Abstract: An image display system includes an image dividing unit for dividing an input image into a plurality of images based on varying distances from an image pickup position, and a plurality of display units, successively arranged at different distances from an observation position, for displaying the plurality of images divided in the image dividing unit, where the plurality of images divided in the image dividing unit are displayed on corresponding display units of the plurality of display units corresponding to the distances from the image pickup position.

Abstract: An apparatus for deflecting light of the present invention comprises: (a) at least one pair of transference electrodes arranged facing one another; (b) a drive circuit which applies a voltage among the transference electrodes; and (c) a liquid crystal which is inserted among the transference electrodes, and whose parallel stripes that function as a diffraction grating when the voltage is applied among the transference electrodes are produced at a pitch corresponding to the applied voltage. The light can be scanned if a diffracted light by the apparatus for deflecting light is converted into a scanning light and a voltage value is changed temporally to apply the voltage among the transference electrodes. In a device for reading information, the scanning light is reflected in a bar code and the reflected light is detected by an apparatus for detecting light.

Abstract: A light-beam scanning apparatus includes at least two holograms with an optical path length difference .DELTA..PHI. along a scanning beam light flux. The path length is measured from a light source to a scanning surface in the first hologram, and is represented by .DELTA..PHI.<C(.lambda..sup.2 /D.lambda.) where C is a constant less than 0.5. The path length is related per the above equation to a wavelength, .lambda., at the center of the light source, and a wavelength displacement .DELTA..lambda. measured from the wavelength .lambda. at the center of the light source.

Abstract: An optical deflection apparatus includes a pair of transparent electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, put between the transparent electrodes, in which stripes are formed at intervals based on a waveform of a driving signal supplied to the pair of transparent electrodes, the stripes functioning as a grating by which incident light is deflected in a deflecting direction, and a driving unit for supplying to the pair of transparent electrodes the driving signal having a waveform by which the deflecting direction changes with time.

Abstract: Images of an object are taken from a plurality of angles so as to generate two-dimensional images obtained from the plurality of angles. The two-dimensional images are sequentially displayed in the form of stripes by a displaying device. The two-dimensional images displayed by the displaying device are deflected by a parallel scanning part by a deflection angle dependent on the individual two-dimensional images and supplied to respective virtual apertures.

Abstract: A parallax image generator establishes a plurality of projected regions around a display in predetermined intervals and generates a plurality of parallax images having different parallaxes due to being seen from respective points of view. In addition, pixels of the plurality of parallax images occupying the same position are gathered together in a pixel block, and are mapped to rendering memory corresponding to the display. A parallax image display unit displays mapped images in the rendering memory, projects the light from a pixel toward the projected region corresponding to each parallax image per pixel of the plurality of parallax images in each pixel block, and makes a 3-D image observed by positioning both eyes of an observer in adjacent projected regions and projecting the parallax images.

Abstract: A tandem type color printer, having optical beam scanning units and corresponding photosensitive drums, which detects a positional shift of a scanning locus occurring on a corresponding one of the plurality of photosensitive drums, and automatically corrects the detected positional shift of the scanning locus. A detecting window, in which a beam transmission time varies with a change in the beam scanning position, is provided at each of the start end side and the terminal end side of each of a plurality of beam scanning loci in a mask plate. The mask plate is arranged between the optical beam scanning units and the photosensitive drums, to provide output of a detection signal corresponding to the incident time of the transmission beam resulting from beam scanning by a light source, and thus determines and corrects the direction and the amount of positional shift of the scanning locus.

Abstract: A high-resolution light-beam scanning apparatus utilizing only mass-producible holograms instead of utilizing auxiliary optical systems such as optical lenses or a mirror having curvature, and capable of compensating for disadvantages including scanning beam thickening and variation, failure of a rotatable hologram to rotate at a constant velocity, displacement of a scanning beam position in the scanning direction and the cross scanning direction due to a mode hop of a wavelength of a semiconductor laser, and deviation of a base of rotatable hologram from a parallel state. These disadvantages are detrimental to efforts for increasing the resolution of a hologram scanner and lowering the cost thereof. The light beam scanning apparatus includes at least two holograms with an optical path length difference .DELTA..PHI. along a scanning beam light flux. The path length is measured from a light source to a scanning surface in the first hologram, and is represented by .DELTA..PHI.<C(.lambda..sup.2 /D.lambda.

Abstract: A position of an observer in a stereoscopic observing region is detected by a position detecting unit. A right-eye image and a left-eye image which are seen from the detecting position are formed by an image forming unit and displayed on a display. By setting an aperture position of a projection optical system, the right-eye image is projected to the right-eye position of the observer and the left-eye image is projected to the left-eye position, thereby allowing a stereoscopic image to be observed. Further, an aperture is set so as to project the right-eye image or left-eye image to a position different from the detecting position of the observer, thereby allowing a same image to be seen to both eyes of another observer and allowing a two-dimensional image to be observed.

Abstract: A high-resolution light-beam scanning apparatus utilizing only mass-producible holograms instead of utilizing auxiliary optical systems, and capable of compensating for disadvantages.

Abstract: A high-resolution light-beam scanning apparatus including a rotatable hologram and a fixed plate which are diffraction gratings for minimizing either a sum total of values obtained by weighting (1): a square of an optical path length difference between a) an optical path of a light flux measured along a principal axis of a light beam incident on and diffracted by a first diffraction grating of the rotatable hologram, and incident on and diffracted by a second diffraction grating of the fixed plate so as to conduct a scanning and converging on an image formation surface scanning point, and b) an optical path of a light flux measured along a marginal ray distanced from the principal axis, or an absolute value of the optical path difference thereof; or (2) a square of a sum obtained by adding an amount of displacement of a light beam convergent on the scanning point, which displacement is measured along the marginal ray distanced from the principal axis of an incident reconstructing light flux with respect to th

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods for optical Fourier processing and logic operations based on the discovery that the photoinduced anisotropy of photochromic materials such as bacteriorhodopsin, organic fulgides, azo and fluorescent dyes, phycobiliproteins, rhodopsins, and their analogs, is dependent on the intensity of a polarized actinic beam that illuminates the material and the intensity profile of one or more input beams. This intensity dependence can be used to implement a simple, real-time, self-adaptive optical processing, i.e., spatial filtering, system for Fourier processing of optical input images. This optical processing system can be used to process a wide variety of optical input images, from projected still images to live motion picture images.

Abstract: A hologram of a virtual object or an object which actually exists is formed and a solid image is displayed. 3-dimensional information of the object to be displayed is divided into regions in the depth direction. Depth images are formed as 2-dimensional images where are seen from a plurality of points which are obtained by finely dividing the hologram forming surface for every region. A phase distribution at the hologram forming surface is calculated from the depth images and displayed on a liquid crystal display or the like as an electronic hologram. A reference light is irradiated onto the display and is converted into an optical wave front, thereby displaying a solid image. When forming a hologram recording medium, a zone image corresponding to each of the finely divided exposure regions of a dry plate is exposed multiple times.