Abstract: A QD protecting material having high compatibility with a binder component in a luminescent layer. The luminescent layer contains, as a part of its chemical structure, a compound containing a moiety A having a sum atomic weight MA of 100 or more and quantum dots protected by a protecting material, the protecting material contains, as a part of its chemical structure, a linking group connected to a quantum dot surface and a moiety B that has a sum atomic weight MB of 100 or more, satisfies a relationship between MB and MA represented by |MA?MB|/MB (2, and satisfies the requirement that the sum atomic weight MB is larger than one-third of the molecular weight of the protecting material, and a solubility parameter SA of the moiety A and a solubility parameter SB of the moiety B satisfy a relationship represented by |SA (SB| (2.

Abstract: An organic EL device includes an organic luminescent layer between an anode and a cathode. The organic luminescent layer comprises at least two host materials and a dopant which is a luminescent compound. The at least two host materials are identical to or substantially identical to each other in the energy value of LUMO, but on the other hand, are different from each other in the energy value of HOMO. Alternatively, the at least two host materials are identical to or substantially identical to each other in the energy value of HOMO, but on the other hand, are different from each other in the energy value of LUMO. According to the above constitution, the balance of mobility between the electrons and holes can be regulated to solve the above problem of the prior art.

Abstract: There is provided a charge transport material which can easily be coated to form a film, is less likely to be crystallized during or after film formation, has excellent charge transport capability, and high applicability to electronic devices. A charge transport monomer comprising conventional CBP with a specific substituent introduced thereinto is polymerized to prepare a polymer which is brought to a charge transport material comprising this polymer.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an organic compound easy for coating in a coating process and capable of presenting a high luminous efficiency, as well as an organic electroluminescent element utilizing the organic compound and exhibiting the high luminous efficiency. The object is achieved by an organic compound represented by EM-X—CTM or (EM-X—CTM)-Y, wherein EM is a fluorescent light emitting material or phosphorescent light emitting material; CTM is a charge transporting material; X is a chemical bonding chain for bonding EM and CTM; and Y is a substituent introduced at any part of EM, CTM or X for improving at least solubility to a solvent. Furthermore, in an organic EL element provided with at least a pair of opposite electrodes and one or more organic compound layers sandwiched between the electrodes, the object is achieved by containing a compound represented by EM-X—CTM or (EM-X—CTM)-Y in at least one layer of the organic compound layers.

Abstract: There are provided an organic electroluminescent (EL) element, which can realize the provision of a large screen by the formation of a film through coating in a simple and highly efficient manner, and a display panel using the same. The organic EL element comprises: a pair of opposed electrodes, a cathode and an anode; and an organic compound layer having a single-layer or multi-layer structure held between the pair of opposed electrodes, at least one layer constituting the organic compound layer being a layer containing at least one polymer comprising at least one monomer unit of a specific compound.

Abstract: There is provided a charge transport material which can easily be coated to form a film, is less likely to be crystallized during or after film formation, has excellent charge transport capability, and high applicability to electronic devices. A charge transport monomer comprising conventional CBP with a specific substituent introduced thereinto is polymerized to prepare a polymer which is brought to a charge transport material comprising this polymer.

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus-biding protein has been found to be a 40S ribosomal protein S5 composing a 40S ribosomal subunit of an eukaryote. On the basis of this finding, there is provided a method for screening test substances for a substance exhibiting anti-hepatitis-C-virus activity, through detection of inhibitory activity of the substance against binding between an IRES of a hepatitis C virus gene and a 40S ribosomal protein S5.

Abstract: N.sup..epsilon. -carboxymethyllysine, a carboxymethylated protein in which at least part of the side-chain amino groups of amino acid residues constituting the protein is carboxymethylated, or a carboxymethylated peptide in which at least part of the side-chain amino groups of amino acid residues constituting the peptide is carboxymethylated can be used as a marker for diabetes mellitus or diabetes mellitus complications.

Abstract: A radioimmunoassay which comprises the steps of reacting a first antibody (A) on an insoluble solid, which is specific for an antigen (B); an antigen (B); and a second antibody (C) derived from an animal different from that of the first antibody (A), which binds to the antigen (B) under conditions that the concentration of the second antibody (C) is higher than the dissociation constant between the second antibody (C) and the antigen (B) to obtain an immune complex (D); reacting the immune complex (D) with a radiolabeled probe (E) and then measuring the radioactivity of the solid precipitate or the reaction mixture, to measure the quantity of antigen (B). The method provides an assay with high sensitivity which does not depend on the sensitivity of the second antibody to be used.

Abstract: A method for the quantitative determination of polyamines, which comprises allowing a polyamine oxidizing enzyme, an .omega.-aminoalkylaldehyde dehydrogenase, an oxidized nicotinamide coenzyme and, as required, an acylpolyamine anidohydrolase to act upon a sample solution containing polyamines (for example, urine, blood and other kinds of body fluid), and measuring the reduced nicotinamide coenzyme thus formed by, for example, colorimetry, thereby determining the amount of said polyamines.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device includes an n type Al.sub.x Ga.sub.1-x As first cladding layer disposed on an n type GaAs substrate, an n type Al.sub.y Ga.sub.1-y As (x>y) light guide layer disposed on the first cladding layer, an Al.sub.z Ga.sub.l-z As (y>z) active layer disposed on the light guide layer, a p type Al.sub.p Ga.sub.l-p As second cladding layer disposed on the active layer and including a ridge except in the neighborhood of at least of the cavity facets, an n type GaAs current blocking layer disposed on the second cladding layer but not on top of the ridge, and a p type GaAs contact layer disposed on the current blocking layer and on top of the ridge portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device includes an n type first cladding layer and a multi quantum well active layer successively grown on an n type substrate, a p type second cladding layer having a stripe ridge narrower in the neighborhood of the laser cavity facets than within the laser disposed on the active layer, a p type buffer layer containing p type dopants in a higher concentration than in the second cladding layer and disposed on the second cladding layer except on the stripe ridge, an n type current blocking layer disposed on the buffer layer, and a p type contact layer disposed on an upper surface of the stripe ridge and the second cladding layer and the current blocking layer, the multi quantum well being disordered except directly opposite the wider portion of the stripe ridge by the diffusion of p type dopant impurities from the p type buffer layer.

Abstract: In a method of coating a substrate with a resist film, the substrate is rotated at a first speed of rotation, and a duration of rotation, and a multiplication product between the first speed and the rotation in consideration of a desired thickness after a resist is dropped on the substrate. The resist is uniformly spread on the substrate to form a wide uniform area because uniformity of the resist depends not only on the first speed but also on the duration and the multiplication product. After elapse of the duration of rotation, the spread resist is dried to form the resist film by rotating the substrate at a second speed slower than the first speed. The first speed is selected between 100 (rpm) and 6,000 (rpm) while the duration and the multiplication product do not exceed 20 (sec) and 24,000 (rpm.sec), respectively. The second speed is not faster than 130 (rpm).