Abstract: A flame retardant union fabric obtained by combining (A) 30 to 70% by weight of a fiber comprising as a main component a flame retardant halogen-containing fiber made of a composition comprising 100 parts by weight of an acrylic copolymer of 30 to 70% by weight of acrylonitrile, 30 to 70% by weight of a halogen-containing vinyl monomer and 0 to 10% by weight of a vinyl monomer copolymerizable with them, 10 to 30 parts by weight of an antimony compound and 8 to 30 parts by weight of a zinc stannate compound, with (B) 70 to 30% by weight of a cellulosic fiber. The flame retardant union fabric shows a high flame resistance which passes the M1 class of NF P 92-503 burning test in France even after the post-treatment.

Abstract: A fabric is provided that has high degree of flame resistance in the case of a union fabric consisting of a halogen-containing flame resistant fiber including antimony compounds, and a cellulosic fiber, and the fabric is classified into class M1 of NF P 92-503 combustion test in France. A flame resistant union fabric obtained by co-weaving: (A) a fiber yarn 30% to 70% that has, as a principal component, a halogen-containing flame resistant fiber including an antimony compound 25 parts to 50 parts in an acrylic based copolymer 100 parts consisting of acrylonitrile 30% to 70% by weight, a halogen containing vinyl based monomer 30% to 70%, and a vinyl based monomer copolymerizable therewith 0% to 10%; and (B) a compound yarn 70% to 30% consisting of a cellulosic fiber (b-1) and a fiber melting at temperatures of 200 degrees C. to 400 degrees C. (b-2).

Abstract: A differential pressure type emission flow rate measuring method and apparatus and an emission measuring system are capable of correcting measuring error occurring due to pulsation appropriately and enhancing the measuring precision of flow rate. In measuring the flow rate of an emission exhausted from an engine, an accurate flow rate in spite of pulsation is determined by using a differential pressure type flowmeter. The detected differential pressure signal is resolved by frequency, and is corrected by using a correction coefficient predetermined depending on each frequency obtained by frequency resolution.

Abstract: A fabric is provided that has high degree of flame resistance in the case of a union fabric consisting of a halogen-containing flame resistant fiber including antimony compounds, and a cellulosic fiber, and the fabric is classified into class M1 of NF P 92-503 combustion test in France. A flame resistant union fabric obtained by co-weaving: (A) a fiber yarn 30% to 70% that has, as a principal component, a halogen-containing flame resistant fiber including an antimony compound 25 parts to 50 parts in an acrylic based copolymer 100 parts consisting of acrylonitrile 30% to 70% by weight, a halogen containing vinyl based monomer 30% to 70%, and a vinyl based monomer copolymerizable therewith b % to 10%; and (B) a compound yarn 70% to 30% consisting of a cellulosic fiber (b-1) and a fiber melting at temperatures of 200 degrees C. to 400 degrees C. (b-2).

Abstract: A fabric is provided that has high degree of flame resistance in the case of a union fabric consisting of a halogen-containing flame resistant fiber including antimony compounds (A), and a cellulosic fiber, and the fabric is classified into class M1 of NF P 92-503 combustion test in France. A flame resistant union fabric obtained by co-weaving: a compound yarn (A) 30% to 70% by weight obtained by compounding a halogen-containing flame resistant fiber (a-1) including an antimony compound 25 to 50 parts by weight in an acrylic based copolymer 100 parts by weight obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture including acrylonitrile 30 to 70% by weight, a halogen containing vinyl based monomer 30 to 70% by weight, and a vinyl based monomer copolymerizable therewith 0 to 10% by weight, and an other fiber (a-2), the compound yarn (A) having an elongation percentage less than 5% under a condition of a load of 300 mg/metric count of No. 17, and of a temperature range of 100 degrees C. to 500 degrees C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-component gas analyzing method using FTIR, which can correct for an influence of a coexistent gas due to an intensity change in the spectrum itself that occurs depending on the base gas composition so that it is possible to carry out, a measurement with high precision. A plurality of components in a sample are quantitatively analyzed based upon an absorption spectrum obtained by FTIR. After having calculated multi-component concentrations from a mixed gas spectrum by using a quantitative algorithm, calculations are further carried out so as to correct for a change in spectrum due to a coexistent gas component with respect to part of target components.

Abstract: The invention presents a differential pressure type emission flow rate measuring method and apparatus and an emission measuring system using the same apparatus, capable of correcting measuring error occurring due to pulsation appropriately and enhancing the measuring precision of flow rate when measuring the flow rate of emission having pulsation. The invention, in measuring the flow rate of an emission exhausted from an engine, determines an accurate flow rate in spite of pulsation by using a differential pressure type flowmeter as the flowmeter, resolving the detected differential pressure signal by frequency, and correcting by using a correction coefficient predetermined depending on each frequency obtained by frequency resolution.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for infrared gas analysis are provided. The method includes measuring a concentration of a component in the sample gas, and measuring a concentration of water in the sample gas. The component concentration measurement is corrected with respect to water interference at a zero point. The component concentration measurement is further corrected with respect to water influence in coexistence to determine a corrected measurement that is corrected with respect to water interference at the zero point and water influence in coexistence.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microporous membrane, which is provided with high safety even under a condition that the interior temperature of a battery becomes high, and which has high permeability and high mechanical strength at the same time. The polyolefin microporous membrane is characterized by a membrane thickness of 5 to 50 ?m, a void content of 30 to 60%, a gas transmission rate of 40 to 300 sec/100 cc/20 ?m, a piercing strength of not less than 2.5 N/20 ?m and a break through temperature of not lower than 110° C. The separator in accordance with the present invention is used to exhibit high safety under a high temperature condition as well as high permeability, and therefore it is particularly useful as a separator for miniaturized high capacity batteries of a non-aqueous electrolytic solution type.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for infrared gas analysis are provided. The method includes measuring a concentration of a component in the sample gas, and measuring a concentration of water in the sample gas. The component concentration measurement is corrected with respect to water interference at a zero point. The component concentration measurement is further corrected with respect to water influence in coexistence to determine a corrected measurement that is corrected with respect to water interference at the zero point and water influence in coexistence.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for analyzing particulate matter in a gas for analyzing simply and with high precision the particulate matter in an engine emission and an apparatus therefor by which dry soot, SOF and sulfate in PM contained in an engine emission can be fractionated individually even in a trifle amount. The present invention further provides a carbon differentiating and analyzing apparatus capable of differentiating and analyzing with precision the organic carbon and the elemental carbon contained in a sample and capable of performing a predetermined analysis with precision in a short time by reducing the period of time required for the analysis. The present invention is constituted such that a heating furnace is provided with a filter which has caught PM contained in engine emission. The filter is heated at a predetermined temperature while passing an inert gas into the heating furnace to evaporate the SOF and sulfate contained in PM.

Abstract: The present invention provides an exhaust gas analyzing system utilizing a mini-diluter method in which measurement accuracy of the exhaust gas analyzing system can be evaluated by the system itself. In the exhaust gas analyzing system, a sampling flow path is connected to an exhaust gas flow path through which gas exhausted from an engine flows to sample a portion of the exhaust gas. The sampled exhaust gas is diluted with dilution gas introduced through a dilution gas flow path which is connected in parallel to the sampling flow path. A portion of the diluted exhaust gas is stored in a sample bag.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for analyzing particulate matter in a gas for analyzing simply and with high precision the particulate matter in an engine emission and an apparatus therefor by which dry soot, SOF and sulfate in PM contained in an engine emission can be fractionated individually even in a trifle amount. The present invention further provides a carbon differentiating and analyzing apparatus capable of differentiating and analyzing with precision the organic carbon and the elemental carbon contained in a sample and capable of performing a predetermined analysis with precision in a short time by reducing the period of time required for the analysis. The present invention is constituted such that a heating furnace is provided with a filter which has caught PM contained in engine emission.

Abstract: The present invention provides an exhaust gas analyzing system utilizing a mini-diluter method in which measurement accuracy of the exhaust gas analyzing system can be evaluated by the system itself. In the exhaust gas analyzing system, a sampling flow path is connected to an exhaust gas flow path through which gas exhausted from an engine flows to sample a portion of the exhaust gas. The sampled exhaust gas is diluted with dilution gas introduced through a dilution gas flow path which is connected in parallel to the sampling flow path. A portion of the diluted exhaust gas is stored in a sample bag.

Abstract: An exhaust gas flow rate measuring equipment for internal combustion engines supplies helium gas only to a trace gas analyzer. The condition in which the inside of the trace gas analyzer in the high-vacuum stage causes pressure fluctuation due to the viscosity of the exhaust gas and the introduction rate of helium gas fluctuates in proportion to the fluctuation rate can be prevented. Also the, problem of the sensitivity varying in accordance with the gas component ratio in the exhaust gas can be solved.

Abstract: A flame retardant cloth, used for example in interiors as a material for curtains, comprises (A) 60-40 parts by weight of fiber which contains 8-70 wt. % of halogen chemically bonded to a polymer and 1-8 wt. % of Sb compound not chemically bonded to a polymer, and has a shirnkage factor at 240.degree. C. of not less than 40% under a load of 300 mg/metric count yarn count (17), and (B) 60-40 parts by weight of polyester fiber, which compounded making a total of 100 parts by weight. This cloth can retain its high fire retardance even after it has been subjected to a process using a binder, such as pigment printing, and enables the range of application of a compound flame retadant fiber product comprising polyester fiber and halogen-containing fiber to be further widened.

Abstract: An exhaust gas analyzer for measuring a dry-based concentration and a dry-based flow rate of exhaust gas from a vehicle has a trace gas supply source for providing a trace gas to the vehicle at a supply rate, a flow rate controller for controlling the supply rate of the trace gas, a exhaust gas sampling passage in communication with an exhaust pipe of the vehicle for sampling the exhaust gas from the vehicle, a dehumidifier disposed on the exhaust gas sampling passage, a trace gas detector disposed on the exhaust gas sampling passage for measuring the trace gas, and a gas analyzer disposed on the exhaust gas sampling passage for measuring a component to be measured in the exhaust gas. The trace gas detector and the gas analyzer are disposed downstream from the dehumidifier and in parallel on the exhaust gas sampling passage.

Abstract: Provided is a flame-retardant fabric comprising (A) from 16 to 45 parts by weight of a halogen-containing fiber containing from 11 to 67% by weight of a halogen chemically bound to a polymer and from 4 to 30% by weight of an Sb compound not chemically bound to a polymer, (B) from 10 to 36 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and (C) from 60 to 40 parts by weight of a polyester fiber, which are compounded to total 100 parts by weight. The flame-retardant fabric of the present invention has an excellent heat resistance, an excellent processability and a high flame retardance. This fabric can improve the feeling after high-temperature processing such as transfer printing and further widen the range of application of a polyester fiber product.

Abstract: A quantitative analytical method with spectrometric analysis, wherein a sample is irradiated with light, and a plurality of ingredients contained in the sample to be measured are quantitatively determined on the basis of absorptivities at a plurality of appointed wave number points in an absorption spectrum obtained at that time. An assumed concentration-operating matrix is obtained from a combination of reference spectra for a plurality of ingredients, of which the concentrations have been known, and is previously prepared. The concentrations of the respective ingredients to be measured are calculated by the use of the concentration-operating matrix, thereby capable of carrying out a quantitative analysis in a short time with high accuracy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to determine the constituent ingredients in a sample by a spectroscopic procedure is disclosed. A Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer can secure data of a power spectrum of a sample and data of a power spectrum of a reference. A absorption spectrum of the sample from this respective data can be determined. A set of wave number points across the absorption spectrum of the sample that exhibit a predetermined linear characteristic can be selected and the absorption spectrum values corresponding to the set of wave number points can be used to calculate the concentrations of the constituent ingredients. A plurality of sets of wave number points can also be predetermined for a specific sample and limit values can be stored and compared to pick the most desirable set of wave number points for calculating the concentration of the constituent ingredients.