Abstract: An information processing apparatus for executing a process of recording data on a multilayer optical disk. The information processing apparatus includes: an encoding unit for encoding data to be written; a modulation unit for modulating the encoded data to generate a plurality of modulated data blocks corresponding to different recording formats; a pickup for sequentially writing the modulated data blocks in the different recording formats to different layers of the optical disk; and a control unit for controlling the writing of the modulated data blocks in the different recording formats so that writing processing per unit of modulated data is completed within processing time per unit of data encoded by the encoding unit.

Abstract: A power transmission controlling apparatus for controlling a power transmission mechanism provided with a main transmission 2 and an auxiliary transmission 2 to be operated in any one of the changeable high and low speed output states. The auxiliary transmission 20 is operative to perform a changing operation to change one of the high and low speed output states into the other thereof when outputting a drive power and constructed to return its starting position when the changing operation is brought out of an allowable condition preliminarily set based on the operation states of the main transmission 20 in the time period from the time the changing operation starts to the time the changing operation is finished so that the changing operation can be smoothly and stably performed with no unpleasant gear noises.

Abstract: A diaphragm apparatus of a lens for a CCTV camera includes a diaphragm blade which opens and closes a stop aperture of the diaphragm apparatus; and an ND filter which is attached to the diaphragm blade, the ND filter having a spectral transmittance so that the transmittance of infrared radiation therethrough is substantially identical to, or less than, the transmittance of visible light therethrough, or alternatively, the ND filter having a spectral transmittance which cuts out infrared radiation. The ND filter covers the stop aperture when the diaphragm blade is moved to open the aperture.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is to determine an optimum initial value to be input to a test pattern generator in order to achieve efficient testing of an integrated circuit. To achieve this purpose, a minimum test length is obtained by performing a fault simulation and a reverse-order fault simulation using an arbitrarily given initial value; the next initial value that is likely to yield a test length shorter than the minimum test length is computed and a fault simulation is performed using the thus computed initial value; and the next initial value that is likely to yield a test length shorter than that test length is computed and a fault simulation is performed using the thus computed initial value. By repeating this process, an initial value that yields the shortest test length is obtained.

Abstract: A navigation apparatus is disclosed comprising update functions to update nationwide updated version map data using route-specific update data, and to update the nationwide updated version map data to the next nationwide updated version map data using nationwide update data. A map update processing portion of this navigation apparatus performs updates of map data in the background of navigation control, gives priority to update processing using the route-specific update data over update processing using the nationwide update data, and, if map files to be updated using route-specific update files included in the route-specific update data have not been updated using the nationwide update data, performs updates using the nationwide update data, and then performs updates using route-specific update files.

Abstract: A map data update method for updating nationwide updated version map data using route-specific update data is disclosed. This method has a step of creating route-specific update data, comprising update data for all routes which have been newly opened since the time of release of the nationwide updated version map data; a step of storing a plurality of route-specific update data sets with different creation dates; a step of, when updating the nationwide updated version map data of the time of release stored in a navigation apparatus in use of a prescribed first route-specific update data which has been stored, storing pre-update map files necessary to restore the nationwide updated version map data; and a step of using the first route-specific update data to update the nationwide updated version map data.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus for executing a process of recording data on a multilayer optical disk. The information processing apparatus includes: an encoding unit for encoding data to be written; a modulation unit for modulating the encoded data to generate a plurality of modulated data blocks corresponding to different recording formats; a pickup for sequentially writing the modulated data blocks in the different recording formats to different layers of the optical disk; and a control unit for controlling the writing of the modulated data blocks in the different recording formats so that writing processing per unit of modulated data is completed within processing time per unit of data encoded by the encoding unit.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to drastically reduce the area overhead in a semiconductor integrated circuit incorporating a test configuration that uses a partially rotational scan circuit. To achieve this, in the semiconductor integrated circuit incorporating the test configuration that comprises a combinational circuit (3) and a scan chain (2) constructed by connecting a plurality of scan flip-flops (5) in a chain, the scan chain (2) is divided into a plurality of sub scan-chains (20a to 20n) each of which has a partially rotational scan (PRS) function and a test response compaction (MISR) function. By performing a scan test in a plurality of steps while changing the combination of the sub scan-chains to be set as PRS and the sub scan-chains to be set as MISR, the test can be performed without having to provide a test response compactor separately from the scan chain, and thus the area overhead can be reduced.

Abstract: A diaphragm control apparatus for a lens of a CCTV camera having a diaphragm driver for opening or closing a diaphragm in accordance with a diaphragm control signal, includes a remote diaphragm controller which outputs a remote diaphragm control signal to set an optional diaphragm position, a diaphragm control signal setting device which sets a diaphragm control signal in accordance with the remote diaphragm control signal and which outputs the diaphragm control signal to the diaphragm driver to move the diaphragm to a diaphragm position corresponding to the diaphragm control signal, and a power source which supplies power to the diaphragm control signal setting device. The diaphragm control signal setting device is provided with a memory for storing the diaphragm control signal when the power supply is interrupted, so that the diaphragm control signal which has been set at the interruption of the power supply can be output when the power supply is carried out again.

Abstract: A toner for development of an electrostatically charged image, said toner comprising a binder resin, a colorant, a function imparting agent, and a charge control agent, wherein said binder resin at least contains a polyolefin resin having a cyclic structure, said polyolefin resin is composed of a resin or resin fraction having a number average molecular weight (Mn), as measured by GPC, of less than 7,500 and a resin or resin fraction having said number average molecular weight of 7,500 or more, and in said polyolefin resin having a cyclic structure, a resin or resin fraction having an intrinsic viscosity (i.v.) of 0.25 dl/g or more, and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 7,500 or more and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 15,000 or more, as measured by the GPC method, is contained in a proportion of less than 50% by weight based on the entire binder resin.

Abstract: A recording and reproduction apparatus using a plurality of generations of optical recording media and an optical recording medium used in such a recording and reproduction apparatus, wherein the optical recording medium comprises first and second recording areas, the first recording area is divided into a plurality of zones, each of the plurality of zones is divided into a plurality of divided areas of one type among a plurality of types set in advance, the plurality of divided areas are assigned addresses and have fixed recording capacities, and identification information indicating the one type is recorded in the second recording area. The apparatus focuses a laser beam on the second recording area to read the identification information and records information on the first recording area or detects recorded information of the first recording area based on the identification information. The optical recording medium is for example a magneto-optical disk.

Abstract: A recording and reproduction apparatus using a plurality of generations of optical recording media and an optical recording medium used in such a recording and reproduction apparatus, wherein the optical recording medium comprises first and second recording areas, the first recording area is divided into a plurality of zones, each of the plurality of zones is divided into a plurality of divided areas of one type among a plurality of types set in advance, the plurality of divided areas are assigned addresses and have fixed recording capacities, and identification information indicating the one type is recorded in the second recording area. The apparatus focuses a laser beam on the second recording area to read the identification information and records information on the first recording area or detects recorded information of the first recording area based on the identification information. The optical recording medium is for example a magneto-optical disk.

Abstract: A recording and reproduction apparatus using a plurality of generations of optical recording media and an optical recording medium used in such a recording and reproduction apparatus, wherein the optical recording medium comprises first and second recording areas, the first recording area is divided into a plurality of zones, each of the plurality of zones is divided into a plurality of divided areas of one type among a plurality of types set in advance, the plurality of divided areas are assigned addresses and have fixed recording capacities, and identification information indicating the one type is recorded in the second recording area. The apparatus focuses a laser beam on the second recording area to read the identification information and records information on the first recording area or detects recorded information of the first recording area based on the identification information. The optical recording medium is for example a magneto-optical disk.

Abstract: A recording and reproduction apparatus using a plurality of generations of optical recording media and an optical recording medium used in such a recording and reproduction apparatus, wherein the optical recording medium comprises first and second recording areas, the first recording area is divided into a plurality of zones, each of the plurality of zones is divided into a plurality of divided areas of one type among a plurality of types set in advance, the plurality of divided areas are assigned addresses and have fixed recording capacities, and identification information indicating the one type is recorded in the second recording area. The apparatus focuses a laser beam on the second recording area to read the identification information and records information on the first recording area or detects recorded information of the first recording area based on the identification information. The optical recording medium is for example a magneto-optical disk.

Abstract: A recording and reproduction apparatus using a plurality of generations of optical recording media and an optical recording medium used in such a recording and reproduction apparatus, wherein the optical recording medium comprises first and second recording areas, the first recording area is divided into a plurality of zones, each of the plurality of zones is divided into a plurality of divided areas of one type among a plurality of types set in advance, the plurality of divided areas are assigned addresses and have fixed recording capacities, and identification information indicating the one type is recorded in the second recording area. The apparatus focuses a laser beam on the second recording area to read the identification information and records information on the first recording area or detects recorded information of the first recording area based on the identification information. The optical recording medium is for example a magneto-optical disk.

Abstract: An information playback apparatus is disclosed which can play back information with a high degree of accuracy. The information playback apparatus plays back the addresses from a recording medium on which a land address and a groove address are recorded at positions displaced from each other.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is to determine an optimum initial value to be input to a test pattern generator in order to achieve efficient testing of an integrated circuit. To achieve this purpose, a minimum test length is obtained by performing a fault simulation and a reverse-order fault simulation using an arbitrarily given initial value; the next initial value that is likely to yield a test length shorter than the minimum test length is computed and a fault simulation is performed using the thus computed initial value; and the next initial value that is likely to yield a test length shorter than that test length is computed and a fault simulation is performed using the thus computed initial value. By repeating this process, an initial value that yields the shortest test length is obtained.

Abstract: An address information recording region in a header of a land or/and groove on a super compact magneto-optical disk 1 stores one address and an error correction code generated by the Reed-Solomon system corresponding to the address. Preferably, one symbol consists of four bits and the error correction code is generated by the Reed-Solomon system for every four bits.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical disc for recording data at a constant density, so called CLV (Constant Linear Velocity) or at zoned CLV. The disc has headers distributed along the disc on regular angular positions, a so called CAV (Constant Angular Velocity) pattern subdividing the track in track portions for recording an amount of data proportional to the radial position of the track portion concerned. Address information included in the headers is provided at the data density, which is CLV. The apparatus comprises header detection means for detecting the headers at the CAV locations, and for recovering position information from the headers at CLV density. Data sectors do not start at headers and are not fitted regularly between the headers, but start and stop at arbitrary positions which are calculated from the known amounts of data recordable in the track portions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lade refining apparatus capable of suppressing skull deposition in a vacuum/decompression chamber and performing molten steel agitation, slag reforming and degassing efficiently, and a ladle refining method using the apparatus. The apparatus includes a vacuum/decompression chamber directly coupled to a top of a ladle, and is designed to have inert gas blown into the ladle for agitation of molten steel in the ladle. An inner diameter of a shaft of the vacuum/decompression chamber is not larger than an inner diameter of a top end of the ladle, but not smaller than a projected diameter of a bulging portion of a molten steel surface formed by the gas blown into the ladle.