Abstract: A fan is described, with the aid of which a volume flow and/or a mass flow of a medium moved by the fan (1) can be determined. This fan comprises an electric motor (2) and an impeller (3) driven by the electric motor (2), wherein the impeller (3) moves a gaseous medium in a media flow from an inflow side (5) to an outflow side (7). The fan additionally comprises a pressure sensor system, a speed ascertainment system, and an evaluation unit. The pressure sensor system is designed to ascertain an actual pressure difference (?p*) between a first region (10) and a second region (13), wherein the first region (10) and/or the second region (13) is/are formed in the electric motor (2), wherein a pressure (pA) prevails in the first region (10), which corresponds to a pressure (p1) present on the inflow side, wherein a pressure (pB) prevails in the second region (13), which corresponds to a pressure (p2) present on the outflow side.

Abstract: An X-ray detector comprises a first scintillator layer, a second scintillator layer, a first photodiode array, a second photodiode array, and at least one light emitting layer. The first scintillator layer is configured to absorb X-rays from an X-ray pulse and emit light. The first photodiode array is positioned adjacent to the first scintillator layer and is configured to detect at least some of the light emitted by the first scintillator layer. The second scintillator layer is configured to absorb X-rays from the X-ray pulse and emit light. The second photodiode array is positioned adjacent to the second scintillator layer and is configured to detect at least some of the light emitted by the second scintillator layer. The at least one light emitting layer is configured to emit radiation such that at least some of the emitted radiation irradiates the first photodiode array, and at least some of the emitted radiation irradiates the second photodiode array.

Abstract: System (SYS) for supporting X-ray imaging and related methods. The system (SYS) comprises a machine learning module (MLM), a logic (LG) configured to compute output correction information for adjusting an imaging geometry of an X-ray imaging apparatus to achieve a target imaging geometry. A modulator (MOD,L-MOD, H-MOD, S-MOD) is the system is configured to provide a user instruction for imaging geometry adjustment. The user instruction is modulated based on the output correction information. The machine learning module was previously trained on training data including a specific user's responses to previous instructions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an X-ray detector (10) comprising two or more scintillator layers, comprising: a first scintillator layer (20); a second scintillator layer (30); a first photodiode array (40); a second photodiode array (50); and at least one light emitting layer (60). The first scintillator layer is configured to absorb X-rays from an X-ray pulse and emit light. The first photodiode array is positioned adjacent to the first scintillators layer. The first photodiode array is configured to detect at least some of the light emitted by the first scintillator layer. The second scintillator layer is configured to absorb X-rays from the X-ray pulse and emit light. The second photodiode array is positioned adjacent to the second scintillator layer. The second photodiode array is configured to detect at least some of the light emitted by the second scintillator layer.

Abstract: A detector includes a first detection layer (1141) and a second detector layer (1142). The first and second detection layers include a first and second scintillator (204, 7041) (216, 7042), a first and second active photosensing region (210, 7081) (220, 7082), a first portion (206, 7261) of a first substrate (208, 7061), and a second portion (218, 7262) of a second substrate (208, 7062). An imaging system (100) includes a radiation source (110), a radiation sensitive detector array (108) comprising a plurality of multi-layer detectors (112), and a reconstructor (118) configured to reconstruct an output of the detector array and produces an image. The detector array includes a first detection layer and a second detector layer with a first and second scintillator, a first and second active photosensing region, a first portion of a first substrate, and a second portion of a second substrate.

Abstract: Typically, a dual layer multi-spectral X-ray detector is capable of providing two points of spectral data about an imaged sample, because the front X-ray detector also acts to filter part of an incident X-ray spectrum before detection by a rear X-ray detector. A pre-filter can be placed in front of the front X-ray detector to enhance the spectral separation. However, the provision of a pre-filter implies that the intensity of the X-ray radiation must be increased to achieve the same signal to noise ratio. The present application concerns a multi-spectral X-ray detector with a front X-ray detector, a rear X-ray detector, and a structured spectral filter placed in-between them. The structured spectral filter has first and second regions configured to sample superpixels of the front X-ray detector, enabling three separate items of spectral information to be obtained per superpixel.

Abstract: Typically, a dual layer multi-spectral X-ray detector is capable of providing two points of spectral data about an imaged sample, because the front X-ray detector also acts to filter part of an incident X-ray spectrum before detection by a rear X-ray detector. A pre-filter can be placed in front of the front X-ray detector to enhance the spectral separation. However, the provision of a pre-filter implies that the intensity of the X-ray radiation must be increased to achieve the same signal to noise ratio. The present application concerns a multi-spectral X-ray detector with a front X-ray detector, a rear X-ray detector, and a structured spectral filter placed in-between them. The structured spectral filter has first and second regions configured to sample superpixels of the front X-ray detector, enabling three separate items of spectral information to be obtained per superpixel.

Abstract: The invention relates to an analyzing grid for phase contrast imaging and/or dark-field imaging, a detector arrangement for phase contrast imaging and/or dark-field imaging comprising such analyzing grid, an X-ray imaging system comprising such detector arrangement, a method for manufacturing such analyzing grid, a computer program element for controlling such analyzing grid or detector arrangement for performing such method and a computer readable medium having stored such computer program element. The analyzing grid comprises a number of X-ray converting gratings. The X-ray converting gratings are configured to convert incident X-ray radiation into light or charge. The number of X-ray converting gratings comprises at least a first X-ray converting grating and a second X-ray converting grating.

Abstract: In the present invention a direct X-ray conversion layer comprises a material having a perovskite crystal structure. This is preferable since this enables constructing an X-ray detector with edge-on illuminated detector elements.

Abstract: A detector includes a first detection layer (1141) and a second detector layer (1142). The first and second detection layers include a first and second scintillator (204, 7041) (216, 7042), a first and second active photosensing region (210, 7081) (220, 7082), a first portion (206, 7261) of a first substrate (208, 7061), and a second portion (218, 7262) of a second substrate (208, 7062). An imaging system (100) includes a radiation source (110), a radiation sensitive detector array (108) comprising a plurality of multi-layer detectors (112), and a reconstructor (118) configured to reconstruct an output of the detector array and produces an image. The detector array includes a first detection layer and a second detector layer with a first and second scintillator, a first and second active photosensing region, a first portion of a first substrate, and a second portion of a second substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a radiation detector used to detect ionizing radiation including a first inorganic-organic halide Perovskite material (24) as a direct converter material and/or as a scintillator material in a detector layer and to a radiation detector comprising a detector layer (24) produced by means of the steps of the method. In order to provide an approach for producing a thick layer (e.g. above 10 ???) of Perovskite material suitable for a radiation detector, it is proposed to grow the material selectively on a seeding layer (23), yielding in a thick polycrystalline layer. One suitable seeding layer (23) to grow lead Perovskite material is made of a bromide Perovskite material.

Abstract: The teachings of the present disclosure may be employed for buffering electric power in a virtual storage power plant. For example, a virtual power plant for buffering electric power may include: distributed electrical energy storage systems electrically interconnected by transmission lines of an electrical power plant network; a measuring device detecting a state of charge of each of the storage systems; and a control device adjusting the states of charge between a lower limit and an upper limit. The states of charge are adjusted as needed by means of a charge equalization including transmitting electrical equalization charges from energy storage systems having a relatively high state of charge to energy storage systems having a relatively low state of charge, via the electrical power plant network.

Abstract: The present invention relates to medical imaging, and in particular a medical imaging detector. In order to improve and facilitate the collection of information, e.g. for medical diagnosis, a medical imaging detector is provided that comprises a first sensor arrangement (12) and a second sensor arrangement (14). The first sensor arrangement is configured to provide a first type of image data belonging to a first imaging modality. The second sensor arrangement is configured to provide a second type of image data belonging to a second imaging modality. The first imaging modality is an X-ray imaging modality, while the second imaging modality is a non-X-ray imaging modality. The first sensor arrangement comprises one or a plurality of first sensor segments (16) arranged within a first circumferential line (18) defining a first imaging area (20).

Abstract: An X-ray detector (100) and an X-ray imaging apparatus (500) with such X-ray detector (100) are provided. The X-ray detector (100) comprises at least three scintillator layers (102a-e) for converting X-ray radiation into scintillator light (110), and at least two sensor arrays (104a, 104b), each comprising a plurality of photosensitive pixels (108a, 108b) aranged on a bendable substrate (106a, 106b) for receiving scintillator light (110) emitted by at least one of the scintillator layers (102a-e). Therein, a number of the scintillator layers (102a-e) is larger than a number of the sensor arrays (104a, 104b).

Abstract: The invention relates to an analyzing grid for phase contrast imaging and/or dark-field imaging, a detector arrangement for phase contrast imaging and/or dark-field imaging comprising such analyzing grid, an X-ray imaging system comprising such detector arrangement, a method for manufacturing such analyzing grid, a computer program element for controlling such analyzing grid or detector arrangement for performing such method and a computer readable medium having stored such computer program element. The analyzing grid comprises a number of X-ray converting gratings. The X-ray converting gratings are configured to convert incident X-ray radiation into light or charge. The number of X-ray converting gratings comprises at least a first X-ray converting grating and a second X-ray converting grating.

Abstract: In the present invention a direct X-ray conversion layer comprises a material having a perovskite crystal structure. This is preferable since this enables constructing an X-ray detector with edge-on illuminated detector elements.

Abstract: An anti-scatter device (ASG) filled with a filler material. The filler material (202) has an acoustic impedance that corresponds to that of human or animal tissue. Furthermore a hybrid X-ray/ultrasound imager (IM) including such an anti-scatter GA device (ASG).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a radiation detector used to detect ionizing radiation including a first inorganic-organic halide Perovskite material (24) as a direct converter material and/or as a scintillator material in a detector layer and to a radiation detector comprising a detector layer (24) produced by means of the steps of the method. In order to provide an approach for producing a thick layer (e.g. above 10 ???) of Perovskite material suitable for a radiation detector, it is proposed to grow the material selectively on a seeding layer (23), yielding in a thick polycrystalline layer. One suitable seeding layer (23) to grow lead Perovskite material is made of a bromide Perovskite material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to medical imaging, and in particular a medical imaging detector. In order to improve and facilitate the collection of information, e.g. for medical diagnosis, a medical imaging detector is provided that comprises a first sensor arrangement (12) and a second sensor arrangement (14). The first sensor arrangement is configured to provide a first type of image data belonging to a first imaging modality. The second sensor arrangement is configured to provide a second type of image data belonging to a second imaging modality. The first imaging modality is an X-ray imaging modality, while the second imaging modality is a non-X-ray imaging modality. The first sensor arrangement comprises one or a plurality of first sensor segments (16) arranged within a first circumferential line (18) defining a first imaging area (20).

Abstract: The teachings of the present disclosure may be employed for buffering electric power in a virtual storage power plant. For example, a virtual power plant for buffering electric power may include: distributed electrical energy storage systems electrically interconnected by transmission lines of an electrical power plant network; a measuring device detecting a state of charge of each of the storage systems; and a control device adjusting the states of charge between a lower limit and an upper limit. The states of charge are adjusted as needed by means of a charge equalization including transmitting electrical equalization charges from energy storage systems having a relatively high state of charge to energy storage systems having a relatively low state of charge, via the electrical power plant network.