Abstract: Method and apparatus for intra prediction mode coding and decoding are disclosed. In one embodiment, the encoding and decoding process assigns individual indices and codewords to DC mode and Planar mode respectively. The flag is set if the current intra prediction mode is equal to any of one or more neighboring intra prediction modes. Variable length codes are designed for a remaining mode set. If the flag is not set, the currently intra prediction mode is encoded using the variable length codes. In another embodiment, multiple most probable modes are used. If the current intra prediction mode is not equal to any of the multiple most probable modes, the current intra prediction mode is encoded using variable length codes designed for the corresponding remaining modes according the ranking order of the remaining modes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for intra prediction for a current block using directional intra prediction based on neighboring pixels around the current block are disclosed. Embodiment according to the present invention derives the gradient for the current pixel from the neighboring reconstructed pixels along a prediction direction of directional intra prediction. The gradient derived is used to form the final intra prediction. In another embodiment of the present invention, the intra prediction for slant vertical and horizontal directions is derived based on the neighboring reconstructed pixels in a neighboring row adjacent to the top side of the current block and the neighboring reconstructed pixels in a neighboring column adjacent to the left side of the current block.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for chroma intra prediction for a current chroma block with reduced line memory requirement are disclosed. The chroma intra predictor is derived from reconstructed luma pixels of a current luma block using a model with parameters. In various embodiments according to the present invention, the derivation of the parameters relies on a reconstructed luma pixel set corresponding to neighboring reconstructed luma pixels from causal luma neighboring areas of the current luma block, wherein said causal luma neighboring areas include a first area corresponding to reconstructed luma pixels above a horizontal luma block boundary on a top side of the current luma block, and wherein the reconstructed luma pixels from the first area that are included in the reconstructed luma pixel set are from a luma pixel line immediately above the horizontal luma block boundary.

Abstract: The present invention provides polynucleotides and related polypeptides of the ZmARGOS gene family. The invention provides genomic sequence for the ZmARGOS genes. ZmARGOS is responsible for controlling plant growth, organ size and yield in crop plants.

Abstract: The present invention provides polynucleotides and related polypeptides (SEQ ID NO: 11 and 44) of the ZmARGOS (Auxin-Regulated Gene involved in Organ Size) gene family. The invention provides genomic sequence for the ZmARGOS genes. ZmARGOS is responsible for controlling plant growth, organ size and yield in crop plants. Transgenic plants expressing ZmARGOS show a positive impact on biomass accumulation and rate of maize plant growth, as well as an increase in organ size. These maize genes will find utility for enhancing agronomic traits in maize (and other crops).

Abstract: A Wyner-Ziv coding scheme jointly utilizes multiple side information at the decoder is described. A new probability model is introduced based on an extended turbo decoding trellis, so that the transitional probability is calculated from the probabilities conditioned on multiple side information. The proposed scheme handles multiple side information in a multi-dimensional manner to potentially achieve coding performance better than either selecting one side information or generating a single side information by averaging several side information. When the decoder receives multiple streams of parity bits, the conditional probabilities on the parity bits from the multiple streams all contribute in turbo decoding. The errors existing in some of the streams can be automatically eliminated during the decoding process.

Abstract: An LED assembly including a heat sink, a surface treatment dielectric layer, an electrically conductive layer, a thermally conductive layer and an LED chip. The surface treatment dielectric layer is disposed on an upper surface of the heat sink and defines at least one first through hole to expose a portion of the upper surface. The electrically conductive layer is formed on the surface treatment dielectric layer, includes a plurality of electrical traces and defines at least one second through hole corresponding to the first through hole. The thermally conductive layer is formed in the first and the second through holes and directly contacted with a portion of the upper surface exposed from the overlapped region of the first through hole and the second through hole. The LED chip includes a plurality of electrodes electrically connected to the electrical traces and is directly contacted with the thermally conductive layer.

Abstract: Methods for modulating plants using optimized ZmME293 down-regulation constructs are disclosed. Also disclosed are nucleotide sequences, constructs, vectors, and modified plant cells, as well as transgenic plants displaying increased seed and/or biomass yield, improved tolerance to abiotic stress such as drought or high plant density, improved nitrogen utilization efficiency, increased ear number and/or reduction in time to scenescence.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods to increase crop yield utilizing transgenic complementary paired genes controlling plant growth and yield. The specific genes increase female reproductive organs and are paired with genes responsible for modifying the growth of non-yield specific plant tissues. Plants, plant progeny, seeds and tissues created by these methods are also described. Polynucleotides encoding the paired sequences are provided for expression in a plant of interest. Expression cassettes, plants, plant cells, plant parts and seeds comprising the sequences of the invention are further provided. In specific embodiments, the polynucleotide is operably linked to a constitutive promoter.

Abstract: The present invention provides polynucleotides and related polypeptides of the protein CNR. The invention provides genomic sequence for the CNR gene. CNR is responsible for controlling cell number.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods to increase crop yield utilizing transgenic complementary paired genes controlling plant growth and yield. The specific genes increase female reproductive organs and are paired with genes responsible for modifying the growth of non-yield specific plant tissues. Plants, plant progeny, seeds and tissues created by these methods are also described. Polynucleotides encoding the paired sequences are provided for expression in a plant of interest. Expression cassettes, plants, plant cells, plant parts and seeds comprising the sequences of the invention are further provided. In specific embodiments, the polynucleotide is operably linked to a constitutive promoter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improved intra prediction mode coding are disclosed. Intra prediction exploits the spatial correlation within a picture or within a picture region. In practice, a picture is divided into blocks and the intra mode prediction is performed on a block basis. In newer coding systems, multiple intra prediction modes such as Vertical mode, Horizontal mode, DC mode and Diagonal mode, have been used to improve the coding efficiency of intra coding. However, the mode selection information for intra prediction has to be conveyed to the decoder for proper operation. In High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), a coding scheme for the intra luma prediction mode is being considered, where the intra prediction mode of a current block is compared with the minimum of two intra luma prediction modes corresponding to two neighboring blocks.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improved intra chroma prediction mode coding are disclosed. Intra prediction exploits the spatial correlation within a picture or within a picture region. In practice, a picture is divided into blocks and the intra mode prediction is performed on a block basis. In newer coding systems, multiple intra coding modes such as Vertical mode, Horizontal mode, DC mode and Diagonal mode, have been used to improve the coding efficiency of intra coding. Furthermore, a Luma_mode has also been used in intra prediction of chroma component to further improve the performance in the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard being developed. However, the mode selection information for intra prediction has to be conveyed to the decoder for proper operation. Spatial features in a picture often exist in both luma and chroma components. The intra luma prediction mode and intra chroma prediction mode will have high probability to be the same.

Abstract: An LED assembly including a heat sink, a surface treatment dielectric layer, an electrically conductive layer, a thermally conductive layer and an LED chip. The surface treatment dielectric layer is disposed on an upper surface of the heat sink and defines at least one first through hole to expose a portion of the upper surface. The electrically conductive layer is formed on the surface treatment dielectric layer, includes a plurality of electrical traces and defines at least one second through hole corresponding to the first through hole. The thermally conductive layer is formed in the first and the second through holes and directly contacted with a portion of the upper surface exposed from the overlapped region of the first through hole and the second through hole. The LED chip includes a plurality of electrodes electrically connected to the electrical traces and is directly contacted with the thermally conductive layer.

Abstract: This invention provides isolated polynucleotides, polypeptides, and recombinant DNA constructs useful for conferring an alteration in one or more plant architecture characteristics. Also provided are methods utilizing these polynucleotides, polypeptides, and recombinant DNA constructs. In certain embodiments, the recombinant DNA construct comprises a polynucleotide operably linked to a promoter that is functional in a plant, wherein said polynucleotide encodes a Squatty-Crinkle-Leaf Polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides polynucleotides and related polypeptides of the ZmERECTA gene family. The invention provides nucleic acid sequences for the Zm ERECTA genes. ZmERECTA is responsible for controlling plant growth, organ size and yield in crop plants.

Abstract: The present invention provides polynucleotides and related polypeptides of the ZmERECTA gene family. The invention provides nucleic acid sequences for the Zm ERECTA genes. ZmERECTA is responsible for controlling plant growth, organ size and yield in crop plants.

Abstract: The present invention provides polynucleotides and related polypeptides of the ZmARGOS gene family. The invention provides genomic sequence for the ZmARGOS genes. ZmARGOS is responsible for controlling plant growth, organ size and yield in crop plants.

Abstract: The present invention provides polynucleotides and related polypeptides (SEQ ID NO: 3 and 4) of the ZmARGOS (Auxin-Regulated Gene involved in Organ Size) gene family. The invention provides genomic sequence for the ZmARGOS genes. ZmARGOS is responsible for controlling plant growth, organ size and yield in crop plants. Transgenic plants expressing ZmARGOS show a positive impact on biomass accumulation and rate of maize plant growth, as well as an increase in organ size. These maize genes will find utility for enhancing agronomic traits in maize (and other crops).

Abstract: The present invention includes methods for using favorable functional allele variants to optimize transgene effects and achieve the maximum potential of transgene efficacy. The present invention provides heterozygous allelic combinations of the transgene by stacking alleles from different heterotic pools, methods to increase crop yield by driving genes (maize or other species) by using heterozygous promoter allele combinations that consist of differentially regulatory allelic elements from heterotic pools, methods to increase crop yield utilizing transgenic complementary paired alleles controlling plant growth and yield. Plants, plant progeny, seeds and tissues created by these methods are also described. Polynucleotides encoding the alleles are provided for expression in a plant of interest. Expression cassettes, plants, plant cells, plant parts and seeds comprising the sequences of the invention are further provided.