Abstract: An apparatus, method and a computer program for processing multimedia data is described, where the apparatus may include an input switch which may receive a plurality of transport stream packets corresponding to a plurality of digital multimedia data signals input thereto, and a packet identification (PID) filter unit which may selectively output a given set of TS packets to be demultiplexed from the received plurality of TS packets. A buffer and/or an external memory device may store at least some of the TS packets of the output given set. A conditional access/content protection (CA/CP) unit may read and decrypt the TS packets stored in the buffer, and may encrypt at least some of the decrypted TS packets for storage in the external memory device if the buffer becomes full, to prevent the TS packets to be stored in the external memory device from being copied.

Abstract: A voice recognition device including dedicated arithmetic calculating modules for arithmetic operations that are more frequently required among arithmetic operations necessary for voice recognition, an observation probability calculating device for calculating probabilities that each of the phonemes of a pre-selected word can be observed upon voice recognition, a complex Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculation device and method of calculating a complex FFT of complex data, a cache, and a cache controlling method are provided. The arithmetic modules interpret commands received from a receiver and perform operations indicated by the commands.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor memory device and a method of pre-charging I/O lines therein. Multiplexers are controlled in such a way as to disconnect their normally connected switches only when desired, thereby reducing the number of pre-charging means employed as compared to prior art devices and methods.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor memory device and a method of pre-charging I/O lines therein. Multiplexers are controlled in such a way as to disconnect their normally connected switches only when desired, thereby reducing the number of pre-charging means employed as compared to prior art devices and methods.

Abstract: A merged semiconductor device having a DRAM and an SRAM, and a data transmitting method using the same are provided. In this device, the DRAM acts as a main memory, and the SRAM acts as a cache memory. The reading operation of the DRAM, and the writing operation of the SRAM are simultaneously controlled by a DRAM read control signal. Also, the writing operation of the DRAM, and the reading operation of the SRAM are simultaneously controlled by a DRAM write control signal. In this device, DRAM write commands and DRAM read commands can be continuously given. Writing of the SRAM starts after reading of the DRAM is completed, and writing of the DRAM starts after reading of the SRAM is completed.