Abstract: A spectrum coding method includes quantizing spectral data of a current band based on a first quantization scheme, generating a lower bit of the current band using the spectral data and the quantized spectral data, quantizing a sequence of lower bits including the lower bit of the current band based on a second quantization scheme, and generating a bitstream based on a upper bit excluding N bits, where N is 1 or greater, from the quantized spectral data and the quantized sequence of lower bits.

Abstract: A method for decoding an image in intra prediction, includes generating two-dimensional quantized block by applying an inverse scan pattern to significant coefficients, sign flags and levels respectively; generating a quantization parameter predictor; adding the quantization parameter predictor and a differential quantization parameter to generate quantization parameter; inversely quantizing the quantized block using the quantization parameter; inversely transforming the inversely quantized block to restore a residual block; generating a prediction block; and generating a reconstructed block using the residual block and the prediction block.

Abstract: Disclosed are a backplane substrate, which is devised to attain circuit characteristics for realizing sufficient gradation even in smaller pixels of a super-high-resolution structure, a manufacturing method for the same, and an organic light-emitting display device using the same, inn the backplane substrate, a driving thin-film transistor has a stack structure different from that of other thin-film transistors so that only the S-factor of the driving thin-film transistor is increased.

Abstract: An image decoding method includes deriving an intra prediction mode using three intra prediction modes which are determined by left and above intra prediction modes of a current prediction unit; generating a prediction block according to the intra prediction mode; generating a residual block using the intra prediction mode; and generating a reconstructed block using the prediction block and the residual block, wherein the intra prediction mode is derived by constructing a Most Probable Mode (MPM) group including three intra prediction modes determined based on the left intra prediction mode and the above intra prediction mode, by setting an intra prediction mode of the MPM group specified by a prediction mode index as the intra prediction mode of the current prediction unit if a mode group indicator indicates the MPM group, and by determining the intra prediction mode of the current prediction unit if the mode group indicator does not indicate the MPM group.

Abstract: A color conversion film having: a substrate film, a color conversion layer provided on the substrate film and a phase transformation adhesive layer including an adhesive resin matrix and a phase change material, and a backlight unit and a display apparatus including the color conversion film.

Abstract: A high-band encoding/decoding method and device for bandwidth extension are provided. A high-band encoding method comprising the steps of: generating sub band-specific bit allocation information on the basis of a low-band envelope; determining, on the basis of the sub band-specific bit allocation information, the sub band requiring an envelope update in a high band; and generating, for the determined sub band, refinement data relating to the envelope update. A high-band decoding method comprising the steps of: generating sub band-specific bit allocation information on the basis of a low-band envelope; determining, on the basis of the sub band-specific bit allocation information, the sub band requiring an envelope update in a high band; and decoding, for the determined sub band, refinement data relating to the envelope update, thereby updating the envelope.

Abstract: A color conversion film having: a substrate film; and a color conversion functional layer including a solid phase change material; and a backlight unit and a display apparatus including the color conversion film.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for high frequency decoding for bandwidth extension. The method for high frequency decoding for bandwidth extension comprises the steps of: decoding an excitation class; transforming a decoded low frequency spectrum on the basis of the excitation class; and generating a high frequency excitation spectrum on the basis of the transformed low frequency spectrum. The method and apparatus for high frequency decoding for bandwidth extension according to an embodiment can transform a restored low frequency spectrum and generate a high frequency excitation spectrum, thereby improving the restored sound quality without an excessive increase in complexity.

Abstract: Provided are a signal processing method and apparatus for enhancing sound quality. The signal processing method performed by a signal transmitting apparatus includes determining, based on a plurality of parameters, a valid bandwidth so as to encode an input signal; performing pre-processing on the input signal, based on the valid bandwidth; and encoding the pre-processed input signal, based on the valid bandwidth, and the signal processing method performed by a signal receiving apparatus includes decoding a bitstream or a packet received via a transmission channel; determining a valid bandwidth, based on a plurality of parameters used in the decoding; and performing post-processing on a decoded signal, based on the valid bandwidth.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an openable/closable vertebral endoscopic device. The openable/closable vertebral endoscopic device includes an endoscope body including a working channel for providing an access route of a surgical instrument to a diseased area of a human body, the working channel having an open channel formed by opening a portion of the working channel such that a portion of the surgical instrument inserted into the working channel is exposed to the outside; and a cover member provided on the endoscope body to selectively open or close the open channel of the endoscope body.

Abstract: A method for decoding chroma image can include deriving a chroma intra prediction mode of a prediction unit using a corresponding luma intra prediction mode; determining a size of a current chroma block using luma transform size information; generating a chroma prediction block of the current chroma block; generating a chroma residual block of the current chroma block using the chroma intra prediction mode and a chroma quantization parameter; and generating a chroma reconstructed block adding the chroma prediction block and the chroma residual block, in which the chroma quantization parameter is generated using a luma quantization parameter determined per quantization unit and information indicating the relationship between the luma quantization parameter and the chroma quantization parameter, the size of the quantization unit is one of allowable sizes of a coding unit, and a minimum size of the quantization unit is determined per picture and a parameter for specifying the minimum size of the quantization uni

Abstract: A lossless encoding method is provided that includes determining a lossless encoding mode of a quantization coefficient as one of an infinite-range lossless encoding mode and a finite-range lossless encoding mode; encoding the quantization coefficient in the infinite-range lossless encoding mode in correspondence with a result of the lossless encoding mode determination; and encoding the quantization coefficient in the finite-range lossless encoding mode in correspondence with a result of the lossless encoding mode determination.

Abstract: A method of decoding video data in uni-directional prediction by a decoding apparatus can include deriving, by the decoding apparatus, a reference picture index and a motion vector of a current prediction unit; generating, by the decoding apparatus, a prediction block of the current prediction unit using the reference picture index and the motion vector; generating, by the decoding apparatus, a quantized block by inversely scanning quantized coefficient components; generating, by the decoding apparatus, a transformed block by inversely quantizing the quantized block using a quantization parameter; generating, by the decoding apparatus, a residual block by inversely transforming the transformed block; and generating, by the decoding apparatus, reconstructed pixels using the prediction block and the residual block, in which prediction pixels of the prediction block are generated using an interpolation filter selected based on the motion vector, the interpolation filter being a 7-tap filter if the motion vector

Abstract: A method of encoding an image in an advanced motion vector prediction (AMVP) mode can include determining motion information of a current block, and generating a prediction block of the current block using the motion information; transforming the residual block to generate a transformed block; quantizing the transformed block using a quantization parameter and a quantization matrix to generate a quantized block; scanning quantized coefficient components of the quantized block; and entropy-coding the scanned coefficient components of the quantized block, in which the motion information is encoded by performing the sub-steps of constructing an AMVP list using available motion vector candidates of a left motion vector candidate, an above motion vector candidate and a temporal motion vector candidate; selecting a motion vector predictor among motion vector candidates of the AMVP candidate list; and generating a differential motion vector by subtracting the motion vector predictor from the motion vector.

Abstract: A spectrum coding method includes quantizing spectral data of a current band based on a first quantization scheme, generating a lower bit of the current band using the spectral data and the quantized spectral data, quantizing a sequence of lower bits including the lower bit of the current band based on a second quantization scheme, and generating a bitstream based on a upper bit excluding N bits, where N is 1 or greater, from the quantized spectral data and the quantized sequence of lower bits.

Abstract: A method for generating a prediction block in intra prediction, includes restoring a mode group indicator and a prediction mode index; constructing a most probable mode (MPM) group including three intra prediction modes of a current block; determining an intra prediction mode specified by the intra prediction mode index in the MPM group as the intra prediction mode of the current block if the mode group indicator indicates the MPM group, and deriving the intra prediction mode of the current block using the prediction mode index and the three intra prediction modes of the MPM group if the mode group indicator does not indicate the MPM group; determining a size of the prediction block based on transform size information; determining whether all reference pixels of the current block are available; generating reference pixels if one or more reference pixels of the current block are unavailable; adaptively filtering the reference pixels based on the intra prediction mode and the size of the current block; and gene

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic apparatus. The electronic apparatus includes a storage for storing a plurality of filters trained in a plurality of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) respectively and a processor configured to acquire a first spectrogram corresponding to a damaged audio signal, input the first spectrogram to a CNN corresponding to each frequency band to apply the plurality of filters trained in the plurality of CNNs respectively, acquire a second spectrogram by merging output values of the CNNs to which the plurality of filters are applied, and acquire an audio signal reconstructed based on the second spectrogram.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel Aspergillus oryzae CJ 1354, isolated and identified from Korean traditional meju, exhibiting high enzymatic activities in rice as a substrate, a method for preparing a rice hot pepper paste having an improved flavor using the same, and a rice hot pepper paste prepared by the method. Specifically, the method comprises a process in which rice milled to have a certain whiteness is treated with high-pressure steam having a pressure of 2.0-4.0 kgf/cm2 in a steaming step to control the viscosity and water content of the steamed rice to thereby prevent agglomeration from occurring during transfer of the steamed rice. Also, in the method, novel Aspergillus oryzae CJ 1354 is used in a step of making rice koji.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a touchscreen display, and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to display, on the touchscreen display, an execution screen of a first application, in response to an occurrence of an incoming call, display a first notification indicating the occurrence of the incoming call, which overlaps a part of the execution screen of the first application, receive a first user input with respect to the first notification, in response to the reception of the first user input, display a second notification replacing the first notification, wherein the second notification has a size less than a size of the first notification and is displayed to not overlap with the execution screen of the first application.