Abstract: A two and three dimensional display based on up conversion of near infrared light to the visible. The display medium is a transparent polymer containing particles of crystals doped with Yb3+ and other rare earth ions. The Yb3+ ions absorb light from a commercially available diode laser emitting near 975 nm and transfer that energy to the other dopant ions. Using a fluoride crystal host, NaYF4, co-doped with Tm3+ ions we obtain blue light at ˜480 nm, with Ho3+ or Er3+ ions we obtain green light at ˜550 nm and with Er3+ we obtain red light at ˜660 nm. The display medium is also used with a preferred component layout with experimentation test data, along with applications for full color, high brightness, high resolution, displays.

Abstract: The invention uses two channel adapters to couple to publication and subscription (PUB/SUB) systems together via the Internet. Each channel adapter is based on the existing PUB/SUB engine of that domain, as well as the protocol used in the network channel between the adapters. For transport across the network, the inventive adapters convert the event information into a format acceptable by the network. The delivered information is then reconverted back into the event format for use in the other domain. To guarantee delivery across the network, the inventive adapters use plurality of states and status messages to indicate the status of delivery, receipt, and publication of the events. The communication between the adapters is bidirectional such that one pair of adapters manages all event traffic between two publish/subscribe domains. The adapters store the events in repositories, and maintain separate queues for inbound and outbound events.

Abstract: Two and three dimensional color image displays. The displays include a display medium having a substantially uniform dispersion of red, green and blue visible light emitting particles sized between approximately 0.5 to approximately 50 microns therethrough. The particles can be dye doped polymethylmethacrylate(pmma) plastic, and the display medium can be pmma, acrylic plastic or glass. Other particles can be used such as rare earth doped crystals. The two dimensional display uses three laser sources each having different wavelengths that direct light beams to each of three different types of particle in the display medium. Light is absorbed by the particles which then become excited and emit visible fluorescence. Modulators, scanners and lens can be used to move and focus the laser beams to different pixels in order to form the two dimensional images having different visible colors.

Abstract: The invention handles message publishing between entities whether they are in the same process, or they are different processes. The invention includes one message broker for each process, which is internal to the process, and which will handle the distribution of events within the process. The invention uses a bus to facilitate distribution messages external to the process. A third party broker distributes the messages between processes. Thus, an object that is internal to the process may subscribe to an event type via the message broker. Likewise, an object can subscribe to an event from an external source. Thus, when an exported event is published via the message broker, the bus will export the message to the third party broker. This event will then be distributed to subscribing processes by the broker. When an event comes into a process via the bus, it is republished using the internal message broker to the interested objects of the process.

Abstract: Two and three dimensional color image displays. The displays include a display medium having a substantially uniform dispersion of red, green and blue visible light emitting particles sized between approximately 0.5 to approximately 50 microns therethrough. The particles can be dye doped polymethylmethacrylate(pmma) plastic, and the display medium can be pmma, acrylic plastic or glass. Other particles can be used such as rare earth doped crystals. The two dimensional display uses three laser sources each having different wavelengths that direct light beams to each of three different types of particle in the display medium. Light is absorbed by the particles which then become excited and emit visible fluorescence. Modulators, scanners and lens can be used to move and focus the laser beams to different pixels in order to form the two dimensional images having different visible colors.

Abstract: A two and three dimensional display medium having a novel transparent polymer composite containing particles of crystals doped with Yb3+ and other rare earth ions. The polymer composite creates homogeneously dispersed compositions without cracking or delamination of the film and can be used for various optical applications.

Abstract: A two and three dimensional display based on up conversion of near infrared light to the visible. The display medium is a transparent polymer containing particles of crystals doped with Yb3+ and other rare earth ions. The Yb3+ ions absorb light from a commercially available diode laser emitting near 975 nm and transfer that energy to the other dopant ions. Using a fluoride crystal host, NaYF4, co-doped with Tm3+ ions we obtain blue light at ˜480 nm, with Ho3+ or Er3+ ions we obtain green light at ˜550 nm and with Er3+ we obtain red light at ˜660 nm. The display medium is also used with a preferred component layout with experimentation test data, along with applications for full color, high brightness, high resolution, displays.

Abstract: Two and three dimensional color image displays. The displays include a display medium having a substantially uniform dispersion of red, green and blue visible light emitting particles sized between approximately 0.5 to approximately 50 microns therethrough. The particles can be dye doped polymethylmethacrylate(pmma) plastic, and the display medium can be pmma, acrylic plastic or glass. Other particles can be used such as rare earth doped crystals. The two dimensional display uses three laser sources each having different wavelengths that direct light beams to each of three different types of particle in the display medium. Light is absorbed by the particles which then become excited and emit visible fluorescence. Modulators, scanners and lens can be used to move and focus the laser beams to different pixels in order to form the two dimensional images having different visible colors.

Abstract: Laser pumping and flashlamp pumping of apatite crystals such as trivalent neodymium-doped strontium fluorapatite (Sr.sub.5 (PO.sub.4).sub.3 F) emits efficient lasing at both 1.059 and 1.328 .mu.m. The pump sources for the SFAP material doped with Nd.sup.3+ includes pulsed Cr:LiSrAlF.sub.6 tuned to approximately 805.4 nm. Alternatively, similar results occurred using a continuous wave laser source of Ti:sapphire tuned to approximately 805.4 nm. A preferred embodiment includes a resonant cavity with a high reflectivity mirror having a reflectivity of 100% and an output coupler mirror with a reflectivity of less than 100%. An optional tuning component such as a Pockels Cell-Polarizer combination can also be included. The SFAP material doped with Nd.sup.3+ exhibits a large absorption cross section, high emission cross section, and long radiative lifetime.

Abstract: A surface detection system for airport facilities is described wherein a plurality of infrared (IR) scanners as well as presence/absence detectors are located with respect to taxiways and runways of an airport complex. These devices are arranged to perform in conjunction with local processors to generate data from aircraft and ground based vehicles available from a bar coding identification of both forms of vehicles. These data are utilized to compute alert conditions as well as to develop a real time map of the airport which may be provided at a tower installation for air traffic control utilization as well as at an aircraft flight deck during the course of ground maneuvering. Through the Utilization of aircraft tail numbers as an index, a master host memory may be developed which includes flight numbers, aircraft characteristics and the like which may be employed for evolving alert conditions and the like.

Abstract: A surface detection system for airport facilities is described wherein a plurality of infrared (IR) scanners as well as presence/absence detectors are located with respect to taxiways and runways of an airport complex. These devices are arranged to perform in conjunction with local processors to generate data from aircraft and ground based vehicles available from a bar coding identification of both forms of vehicles. These data are utilized to compute alert conditions as well as to develop a real time map of the airport which may be provided at a tower installation for air traffic control utilization as well as at an aircraft flight deck during the course of ground maneuvering. Through the utilization of aircraft tail numbers as an index, a master host memory may be developed which includes flight numbers, aircraft characteristics and the like which may be employed for evolving alert conditions and the like.

Abstract: Laser scanning apparatus and a related method for scanning a workpiece in a raster scan pattern, to remove a series of thin, overlapping layers in the workpiece and thereby provide a stepwise approximation to a contoured, three-dimensional shape. In one embodiment, the beam follows a raster scan pattern with scans that are parallel to the removed layer's boundary. The wall bounding the layer is made to be substantially perpendicular to the plane of the removed layer, regardless of the wall's orientation, by tilting the beam about an axis normal to a specified reference plane and by elliptically polarizing the beam to a selected degree. A substantially constant proportion of the beam's average intensity is thereby absorbed at each point along the boundary wall, regardless of the wall's orientation relative to the reference plane. In another embodiment, the beam scans repeatedly along an axis parallel to a specified reference plane.

Abstract: Optical proximity apparatus, and a related method, for monitoring the proximity and angular orientation of a surface and for maintaining that surface in a desired relative position. The apparatus directs two coplanar beams of modulated light onto the surface such that they converge toward a central axis and reach the axis at the point where it intersects the surface's desired position. Two photodetectors receive light scattered from the surface along two detection axes, in the plane of the two modulated beams and on opposite sides of, and equidistant from, the central axis. The relative intensities of the two separate modulated beams received by the two photodetectors can be determined and suitably analyzed to determine the surface's actual proximity and angular orientation relative to its desired position.

Abstract: A flexible endoscope for insertion into a body cavity for visual observation and medical procedures. A vacuum line slidable in a tube in the endoscope for projection beyond the distal end of the endoscope, with vacuum control, providing for removal of blood clots and the like while observing the operation. A multichannel endoscope providing illumination and viewing, vacuum removal, laser treatment and additional channels for needles, forceps and washing.

Abstract: A flexible hollow rectangular wave guide for transmission of radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum, including infrared laser radiation. A wave guide which may be bent and twisted while providing low loss transmission of infrared radiation. An all metal wave guide with the width to heighth ratio at least 4 to 1. A wave guide with metal surfaces on the long dimension and dielectric surfaces on the short dimension and having a width to height ratio at least 2 to 1.

Abstract: A system is described for determining the mechanism responsible for laser-induced damage in a sample which utilizes a procedure of sequentially irradiating a large number of sites using a tightly focused laser beam whose intensity is constant in time. A statistical analysis of survival times yields a determination that damage was due to one of the following mechanisms:1. linear absorption,2. nonlinear absorption,3. absorbing inclusions,4. mechanical defects, or5. electron-avalanche breakdown.