Abstract: A heat exchanger for cooling reaction gas. A cooled tube receives hot reaction gas from a hot, uncooled tube. The cooled tube comprises a cooled inner tube and a tubular jacket that extends about the inner tube. A tubular connection is disposed between the uncooled and the cooled tubes, and includes a fork-shaped inlet head via which the inner tube is in communication with the uncooled tube. The inlet head is provided with an outer tubular section and an inner tubular section between which is disposed an intermediate space filled with heat-insulating material. The outer tubular section is connected to the tubular jacket. The inner tubular section is spaced slightly axially from the inner tube and is provided with an edge region that juts outwardly and is spaced slightly axially from the inner tube, this slight axial spacing being equal to or less than a maximum thermal expansion of the inlet head.

Abstract: A brake actuating unit for motor vehicles includes a brake master cylinder, a booster stage which is connected in front of the brake master cylinder, and a drive unit for driving the booster stage. In order to make comfortable braking operations possible, there is provision for the transmission both of the actuating force and of the boosting force to the primary piston of the brake master cylinder to take place by a force transmission module which has at least one elastic element and is arranged in the primary piston.

Abstract: A lighting device comprises a side-light light guide (12) located in a support (13). To facilitate the location of the light guide (12) in the support (13) and ensure its retention in a predetermined orientation, at least one location feature (11) is formed on/in the light guide for engagement by the support. Advantageously, the/each location feature (11) has no substantial effect on the light output of the light guide through its light-emitting region (18).

Abstract: A device for the brake application of a motor vehicle comprising a master cylinder and a pneumatic brake booster, with one of the pistons of the master cylinder having a stepped design with two differently sized hydraulically active effective surfaces, and change-over of the effective surfaces takes place by means of a valve assembly upon failure of the brake booster. An annular chamber, delimited by the stepped piston and the housing, is connectable by means of the valve assembly either to the pressure chamber associated with the stepped piston or to a pressure fluid reservoir. The valve assembly comprises a first and a second valve, which are switchable depending on the pressure of the working chamber of the brake booster. The first valve in its activated position connects the pressure chamber to the annular chamber, and the second valve in its activated position closes the connection between the annular chamber and the pressure fluid reservoir.

Abstract: A mechanical world timepiece having a transmission mechanism which allows the time display, such as, for example, a 12-hour hand and/or a 24-hour hand, to be directly adjusted with a turning ring having 24 time zones. The timepiece serves for the easily manageable adjustment of the time zone and the reading of the time in a different time zone. Operation could not be simpler. After a lever has been opened, the mechanism in FIG. 1 automatically engages. The gear rim (6), which is fixed with the turning ring, drives a vertical drive wheel (5), which is connected by a shaft to a clutch wheel (4). Once the pinion (4) is engaged, it drives one or two minute wheels (8, 9), which move a 12-hour wheel (10) and a 24-hour wheel (11) in a 1 h-cycle. The turning ring is thus easily turned to the desired destination at 12 h and the local time can immediately be read. Either the turning ring is now turned back to its original locality or the lever is simply closed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a master cylinder with a pressure chamber formed in a housing of the master cylinder and a reservoir bore for accommodating a pressure fluid reservoir, a valve with a closing element being provided which due to a pressure difference prevailing between the pressure chamber and the pressure fluid reservoir can be moved into an opening position or a closing position, the valve in its opening position allowing a pressure fluid flow from the pressure fluid reservoir into the pressure chamber and throttling or preventing, in its closing position, a pressure fluid flow from the pressure chamber into the pressure fluid reservoir. Means are provided which maintain the closing body in its opening position when it is acted upon by a closing pressure difference during vacuum filling of the brake system.

Abstract: A mechanical world timepiece having a transmission mechanism which allows the time display, such as, for example, a 12-hour hand and/or a 24-hour hand, to be directly adjusted with a turning ring having 24 time zones. The timepiece serves for the easily manageable adjustment of the time zone and the reading of the time in a different time zone. Operation could not be simpler. After a lever has been opened, the mechanism in FIG. 1 automatically engages. The gear rim (6), which is fixed with the turning ring, drives a vertical drive wheel (5), which is connected by a shaft to a clutch wheel (4). Once the pinion (4) is engaged, it drives one or two minute wheels (8, 9), which move a 12-hour wheel (10) and a 24-hour wheel (11) in a 1 h-cycle. The turning ring is thus easily turned to the desired destination at 12 h and the local time can immediately be read. Either the turning ring is now turned back to its original locality or the lever is simply closed.

Abstract: A d.c. signal controlled oscillator includes a frequency-determining network having a control input and a modulation input. A phase regulating loop includes the oscillator and components that provide a control signal to the control input. A circuit apparatus for driving the oscillator includes a modulation generator that provides a modulation signal to the modulation input, and a circuit arrangement that autonomously generates a signal depending on and representing a slope of the modulation and provides this slope signal to the modulation generator, which generates the modulation signal dependent on the slope signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a master cylinder, in particular for a hydraulic brake system, with at least one pressure chamber formed in a housing of the master cylinder and at least one reservoir bore for accommodating a pressure fluid reservoir, a valve with a closing element being provided which due to a pressure difference prevailing between the pressure chamber and the pressure fluid reservoir can be moved into an opening position or a closing position, the valve in its opening position allowing a pressure fluid flow from the pressure fluid reservoir into the pressure chamber and throttling or preventing, in its closing position, a pressure fluid flow in the opposite direction to the pressure fluid flow from the pressure chamber into the pressure fluid reservoir.

Abstract: A d.c. signal controlled oscillator includes a frequency-determining network having a control input and a modulation input. A phase regulating loop includes the oscillator and components that provide a control signal to the control input. A circuit apparatus for driving the oscillator includes a modulation generator that provides a modulation signal to the modulation input, and a circuit arrangement that autonomously generates a signal depending on and representing a slope of the modulation and provides this slope signal to the modulation generator, which generates the modulation signal dependent on the slope signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vacuum brake booster for motor vehicles, including a booster housing whose interior is subdivided by a movable wall into a vacuum chamber and a working chamber, a control valve that controls the pressure difference acting on the movable wall and is arranged in a control housing that carries the movable wall, said control valve being composed of two concentrically arranged sealing seats and an elastically deformable valve member, as well as including at least one filter in the air passage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a brake force booster for automotive vehicles which includes a booster housing whose interior space is subdivided by a movable wall into a working chamber and a vacuum chamber, and a control housing which carries the movable wall and in which a control valve is arranged for controlling a pressure differential that acts upon the movable wall, the said control valve being operable by an operating rod by way of a valve piston and by an electromagnet. According to the present invention, the brake force booster is characterized in that the electromagnet is actuatable in dependence on the relative displacement between the valve piston and the control housing detected by a sensor. This arrangement makes possible a very simple control of a brake assist function because the signal of the sensor can be used both for the activation and the deactivation of the electromagnet.

Abstract: A brake power assist unit for motor vehicles, the control valve of which can be electrically actuated by means of an electromagnet which actuates a third sealing seat that allows ventilation of the operating chamber. In order to stabilize the characteristic of the load system formed by the armature of the electromagnet, a sleeve that carries the third sealing seat and the valve body of the control valve by means of constructive modifications of the control valve of the externally actuated brake power assist unit, in particular, during the pressure reduction phase, the invention proposes means that allow a controlled pneumatic pressure compensation between the operating chamber and the vacuum chamber or a reduction in the force to be generated by the electromagnet during the pressure reduction phase, i.e., during the return movement of the third sealing seat from the valve body.

Abstract: A brake power booster for automotive vehicles includes a control valve that is operable by an electromagnet irrespective of an actuating rod displacing a valve piston, the electromagnet actuating a third sealing seat which permits ventilation of the working chamber. The valve member of the control valve has passages which allow a pneumatic pressure compensation. To eliminate a pneumatic force component which counteracts the force generated by the electromagnet, the passages are provided radially outside the area delimited by the electromagnetically operable sealing seat on the sealing surface of the valve member.

Abstract: In a method of operating an electromechanically actuatable pneumatic brake booster, an electromagnet which actuates a sealing seat of its control valve is energized in an interval by a short current pulse of maximum current strength with a subsequent ramp-like current rise, and the current being furnished to the electromagnet is decreased when a fixed value of the pressure that prevails in a master brake cylinder connected downstream of the brake booster is reached. When the hydraulic pressure introduced into the master brake cylinder reaches a nominal value, the current being furnished to the electromagnet is supplied by a pressure controller which maintains the hydraulic pressure constant.

Abstract: A brake power booster for automotive vehicles has a control valve which is operable by a solenoid irrespective of the driver's wish. In order to adapt the force-travel characteristic curve of the solenoid to the consumer characteristic curve of the control valve exhibiting a drop in force, the present invention discloses an armature having two parts which are movable relative to each other and interact with stops that are axially offset in the housing of the solenoid in the actuating direction of the latter.

Abstract: A mail box signaling indicating apparatus made of flexible material to indicate when mail has arrived. The attachment end of the apparatus is doubled back upon itself in order to form a portion that may be clipped around a portion of the wall or other part of the mail box. The other end has a flag shaped indicia and is placed between the door flange and the outer wall of the mail box at the ready position. The indicating end of the device is urged upward by the resiliency of the material when the mail box door is opened and thus indicating that the mail man has been by.

Abstract: A slip-controlled brake system, especially for use with automotive vehicles has a brake pressure generator (1) accommodating a master cylinder (2) connected to the brake pressure generator through master brake conduits (62,63) are the wheel brakes (31 to 34), comprising hydraulic auxiliary pressure pumps (21,26) and wheel sensors (S1 to S4) and electronic circuits capable to control, for slip control purposed, electromagnetically actuable pressure fluid inlet valves (24,25,29,30) and pressure fluid outlet valves (22,23,35,36) provided in the pressure fluid conduits, with pressure pulsation attenuators (27) of a defined volume expansion and flow length being provided for noise reduction purposed during the control operation, between the master cylinder (2) and the wheel brakes (31 through 34).

Abstract: A process for the preparation of light-colored oleic acid sulfonates by continuous sulfonation of an industrial oleic acid having an oleic acid content of 65 to 85% by weight and a linoleic acid content of up to 13% by weight with gaseous sulfur trioxide in a molar ratio of industrial oleic acid to sulfur trioxide of 1 : 0.8 to 1 : 1.0, neutralization and hydrolysis of the acid sulfonation product with aqueous bases and bleaching of the neutralized and hydrolyzed sulfonation product give oleic acid sulfonates having Klett color numbers of not more than 100.

Abstract: A circuit configuration for an anti-locking brake system controlled according to a multiplex process. The circuit configuration is designed such that upon commencement of an anti-locking control, if the first wheel to become instable is a front wheel (VL) the reswitching of the wheel valves (4) leading to the rear wheel brakes (22, 23), is delayed by a predetermined period of time of about 4 to 20 milliseconds. This therefore prevents the pressure from excessively rising upon commencement of the anti-locking control.