Abstract: A congestion notification element for indicating a congestion status of a mesh node may include at least one field specifying a mesh destination for which an intra-mesh congestion control is to be applied. This may allow for forwarding data frames on paths that share some links but not the bottleneck link with a path that is congestion controlled, which has not been possible with currently specified congestion notification techniques.

Abstract: A key distributer node for a network includes a memory device with at least one first key, at least one data communication device that can exchange data with first and second access nodes for a terminal integrated wirelessly into the network, at least one processor connected to the memory device and the data communication device, wherein functions are provided for the processor(s) that allow authentication of the terminal at the second access node in response to a key request received by the second access node, a derivation of a second key from the first key, and triggered transmission of the second key through the data communication device to the second access node. Connections to the network's first and second access nodes with security relationships can be provided for the key distributor node when using the first key.

Abstract: In an ad hoc mesh network, roles are assignment to the different network nodes, for example mesh point or mesh portal. The invention envisages that a network node identifies the certification and thus the permitted roles of another network node before it sends a message to said other network node. This ensures that the roles maintain their integrity and the security in the network is enhanced.

Abstract: According to the known IEEE 802.11s Draft Standard for WLAN Mesh Networking, version D5.0, the size of an information element is restricted to a length of 255 octets. Due to the definition of an MCCAOP advertisements element as a general information element this restriction is a major drawback leading to a maximum of 62 MCCA reservations to be advertised by an MCCAOP advertisements element. Although this number of reservations might be sufficient in the majority of situations, it is easily imaginable that there are situations which could require an advertisement exceeding this limit of 62 MCCA reservations. According to the disclosure, an MCCAOP advertisement—which is a set of MCCAOP reservations that needs to be advertised—is split over multiple MCCAOP advertisements elements. This may advantageously allow advertising more than 62 MCCAOP reservations to neighboring mesh nodes in a wireless mesh network which is configured to use MCCA.

Abstract: An association update message for mesh networks according to the IEEE 802.11s standard provides the ability to include a plurality of associations in an association update message and thus ensure simultaneous updating of a plurality of associations of representative nodes with respect to the proxy nodes (proxy mesh stations) thereof. A threatened inconsistency in an association update in conventional systems, which provides for only one transmission of an association update message per association update, is thereby eliminated. The proxy information field has an identification field with a plurality of identification fields. The identification fields advantageously allow variable structuring of the proxy information fields, that is, dependent on the information transmitted, which also provides the ability to prevent redundant information in the proxy information fields.

Abstract: A device for optically focusing a projection image projected by a projector includes a detector for controlled creation of at least one observation shot of the projection image over a time period, a processing unit for defining at least one image section within the projection image generated by the projector, where the image section is modulated over the time period with respect to the optical power and/or the optical spectrum thereof, and the at least one image section of the projection image is essentially synchronous compared with the corresponding respective image section of the observation shot, where the processing unit also calculates a variable derived from the comparison of the respective image sections and a control signal derived from the derived variable, and outputs the control signal to a focusing device of the projector.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a beacon for a star network in manufacturing automation, for use in a communications protocol, such as IEEE Standard 802.15.4e, for manufacturing automation, using at least one gateway and at least one sensor node, wherein the beacon comprises a field including information about a number of base time slots in a superframe.

Abstract: A method for data transmission in a local area network, wherein data is transmitted on a medium access control layer within successive time frames between a plurality of first nodes comprising client nodes and a second node within reach of the first nodes, and a coordinator node for the first nodes where a time frame comprises a plurality of time slots. Each time slot is assigned to a first node that is a slot owner node being exclusively allowed to start transmitting data at a time within a first interval at the beginning of the time slot. At least one first nodes of the plurality of first nodes is allowed to use the time slot based on a contention based access to transmit the data in a second interval succeeding the first interval where the slot owner node has not started transmitting data at a time within the first interval.

Abstract: Methods and devices for handling an extended proxy information item, wherein a proxy information sequence number associated to the extended proxy information item is used to avoid misinterpretations of outdated messages with proxy information items.

Abstract: A device for optically focusing a projection image projected by a projector includes a detector for controlled creation of at least one observation shot of the projection image over a time period, a processing unit for defining at least one image section within the projection image generated by the projector, where the image section is modulated over the time period with respect to the optical power and/or the optical spectrum thereof, and the at least one image section of the projection image is essentially synchronous compared with the corresponding respective image section of the observation shot, where the processing unit also calculates a variable derived from the comparison of the respective image sections and a control signal derived from the derived variable, and outputs the control signal to a focusing device of the projector.

Abstract: Overlapping Push Button Configuration (PBC) sessions are prevented without any deadlocks of technology specific PBC methods by controlling the run of technology specific PBC sessions within a heterogeneous network of network node devices interconnected via at least one I interface and/or over multiple hops and authenticated for the network, by enabling a two-level PBC within the heterogeneous network based on a network node device of the network node devices being authenticated for the network as registrar, which is especially selectable or determined. Level-1 of the two-level PBC performed at the abstraction layer of the heterogeneous network accomplishes the detection of the wish for PBC, prevention of overlapping PBC sessions independent of underlying communication technology, coordination of technology-specific PBC runs, whereas in level-2 of the two-level PBC performed within a technology-specific communication technology a technology-specific PBC is used, which is triggered by the level-1.

Abstract: In a method for exchanging routing messages in a wireless meshed communication network with network nodes and a root node, a routing tree is set up with data transmission paths. The root node sends routing requests at regular time intervals to set up the paths, wherein a request contains a specification for a first bidirectional path mode or a second unidirectional path mode. At a respective node, a first field is used to indicate a first or a second node state. If, upon receipt of a request, the first field is in the first state, a routing response is always sent and otherwise not. Next, the node checks the mode specified in the request, ensuring that the respective mode is set. In case of a node to root data transmission, a node also ensures that the first field of the respective network node is in the first state.

Abstract: A method and network node device control the run of technology specific Push-Button Configuration sessions within a heterogeneous or homogeneous wireless network as well as a heterogeneous or homogeneous wireless network detecting a session overlap within the network. The session is related to a configuration session (bootstrapping session, setup session) that establishes a security configuration for encrypted communication over a wireless link it is proposed an enhanced mechanism for controlling the run of technology specific Push Button Configuration sessions within a heterogeneous or homogeneous wireless network and a plurality of network node devices interconnected to each other via at least one interface and/or over multiple hops and authenticated or unauthenticated for the network by using a piece of information, e.g. a “Configuration Setup Session Identifier (CSSID),” for identifying a technology specific Push Button Configuration setup session.

Abstract: Route discovery of a route from a source node of an IEEE 802 connection to a destination node of an IEEE 802 connection, including a mesh network path with a source node of the mesh path and a destination node of the mesh path, is initiated by an extended route request message generated by the destination node. The extended route request message includes a flag that indicates whether the source node of the IEEE 802 connection is located inside or outside the mesh network, and either one source address of the source node, if the node is inside the mesh network, or two source addresses covering (a) the source address of the source node of the mesh path and (b) the source address of the source node of the IEEE 802 connection, if the node is outside the mesh network.

Abstract: A method and a network node device run Push-Button Configuration sessions within a heterogeneous network, IEEE 1905.1, using a push button configuration mechanism that ensures that only one single new network node device is registered for a single push button key press event and thus overlapping Push-Button Configuration sessions within a heterogeneous network are prevented. After finishing the push button configuration mode, the number of new nodes is checked. If more than one node has been added, a configuration roll-back is performed. Preferably, the push button configuration roll-back is performed as soon as the authentication of more than one distinct node has been detected. The roll-back includes the deletion or deactivation of credentials established by the push-button configuration.

Abstract: An association update message for mesh networks according to the IEEE 802.11s standard provides the ability to include a plurality of associations in an association update message and thus ensure simultaneous updating of a plurality of associations of representative nodes with respect to the proxy nodes (proxy mesh stations) thereof. A threatened inconsistency in an association update in conventional systems, which provides for only one transmission of an association update message per association update, is thereby eliminated. The proxy information field has an identification field with a plurality of identification fields. The identification fields advantageously allow variable structuring of the proxy information fields, that is, dependent on the information transmitted, which also provides the ability to prevent redundant information in the proxy information fields.

Abstract: An association update message for mesh networks according to the IEEE 802.11s standard provides the ability to include a plurality of associations in an association update message and thus ensure simultaneous updating of a plurality of associations of representative nodes with respect to the proxy nodes (proxy mesh stations) thereof. A threatened inconsistency in an association update in conventional systems, which provides for only one transmission of an association update message per association update, is thereby eliminated. The proxy information field has an identification field with a plurality of identification fields. The identification fields advantageously allow variable structuring of the proxy information fields, that is, dependent on the information transmitted, which also provides the ability to prevent redundant information in the proxy information fields.

Abstract: A heterogeneous home network (with possibly multiple hops between devices) uses a push button configuration mechanism that ensures only one single new network node device is registered for a single push button key press event and overlapping Push-Button Configuration sessions within the heterogeneous network are prevented by an enhanced mechanism for running Push Button Configuration sessions based on a Push-Button Configuration handshake procedure triggered and initiated by a virtual or physical Push-Button-Event on a new device, which wants to join the heterogeneous network for a user friendly security bootstrapping, in which multiple network node devices in the heterogeneous network belonging already to the heterogeneous network are involved in registering the new device. The Push-Button Configuration handshake procedure is initiated to get a permission information to join the network or to proceed with the Push-Button Configuration or to get a rejection information not to join the network.

Abstract: A method for data transmission in a local are network, wherein data is transmitted on the Media Access Control (MAC) layer within successive time frames between a plurality of first nodes comprising client nodes to a second node comprising a coordinator node for the plurality of first nodes. A synchronizing slot for sending a synchronizing message from the second node to the first nodes includes acknowledgements for time slots used for data transmissions in previous time frames from the first nodes to the second node. The acknowledgements indicate whether a data transmission in the previous time frame was successful. Based on these acknowledgements, retransmission time slots included in the current time frame are used for retransmitting data that have not been transmitted successfully in a time slot of the previous time frame.

Abstract: In a method for establishing a bidirectional data transmission path in a wireless meshed packet-switched communication network, a logical topology in the form of at least one routing tree can be proactively established, wherein a root network node of the routing tree sends first unidirectional data transmission paths regarding routing request messages specifying the root network node to the network nodes of the communication network in periodic time intervals. A first flag is provided in the network nodes of the routing tree that can be put into two different states. Upon receipt of a routing request message, a network node only sends a second unidirectional data transfer path regarding the routing response message specifying the network node to the root-network node if the first flag is switched into a first selectable state. Thus, a bidirectional data transfer path between the root network node and the network node is established.