Abstract: A method for transmitting synchronization messages in a communications network including a plurality of nodes having a first node and at least one second node, wherein in order to take into account differences in a reference clock frequency of a reference clock and an internal clock frequency of an internal clock of the at least one second node, a compensation interval, with which the second clock count state is adjusted on measurement of a delay time, is subdivided into smaller compensation timespans, and the smaller compensation timespans are used to determine a compensated time value for the delay time with a high degree of accuracy, where the compensated time value is then used to update the time information in the synchronization message.

Abstract: A method for transmitting synchronization messages in a communications network including a plurality of nodes having a first node and at least one second node, wherein in order to take into account differences in a reference clock frequency of a reference clock and an internal clock frequency of an internal clock of the at least one second node, a compensation interval, with which the second clock count state is adjusted on measurement of a delay time, is subdivided into smaller compensation timespans, and the smaller compensation timespans are used to determine a compensated time value for the delay time with a high degree of accuracy, where the compensated time value is then used to update the time information in the synchronization message.

Abstract: Method, device and system for detecting a disturbance, e.g., at least one short mechanical impact (shock or vibration) on a clock of a slave device by detecting a non-typical variation of a tracking error, i.e., a tracking error having a deviation that exceeds a predetermined threshold, wherein such a non-typical variation can be determined by the deviation from a statistical measure, e.g., a variance or a standard deviation, such that the determination of the quality of a clock signal is advantageously allowed and thus suitable counter-measures are provided. The method, device and system are applicable for all kinds of technical systems comprising slave devices that have a clock, e.g., devices in industrial and automation systems. The method, device and system are also applicable in communication systems that use a protocol to synchronize the clocks of its devices, e.g., Profinet.

Abstract: A liquid droplet catching device installed in a compressor impeller, the device includes an aperture disposed on a surface of the impeller and configured to receive the liquid droplet, and a channel disposed beneath and in fluid communication with the aperture, wherein in the channel is configured to direct the liquid droplet away from the aperture and out of the compressor impeller.

Abstract: A centrifugal compressor comprises at least one stage suited to separate a liquid phase and a gas phase with the aid of at least one of a hydrophobic, super-hydrophobic, hydrophilic or super-hydrophilic surface layer, wherein the hydrophobic and/or super-hydrophobic surface layer is disposed on at least one of an inlet guide vane, impeller, return channel straight hub, or exiting hub bend; and the hydrophilic and/or super-hydrophilic surface is disposed on at least one of the impeller casing, diffuser casing, exiting casing bend, return channel straight hub, exiting hub bend, collection point, or drain.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is described. A channel area is arranged in a semiconductor substrate between a first contact area and a second contact area. A first programmable structure includes a first control structure. The first programmable structure is arranged such that a conductivity of a first section of the channel area depends on a voltage applicable to the first control structure of the first programmable structure and on an information value stored in the first programmable structure. A second programmable structure includes a second control structure. The second programmable structure is arranged such that a conductivity of a second section of the channel area depends on a voltage applicable to the second control structure of the second programmable structure and on an information value stored in the second programmable structure. The first section and the second section of the channel area are electrically connected in series between the first contact area and the second contact area.

Abstract: A method of sintering a ceramic material comprises increasing the temperature of the ceramic material to a first predetermined temperature and maintaining the temperature of the ceramic material at the first predetermined temperature for a predetermined time period to increase the grain size of the ceramic material. Increasing the temperature of the ceramic material to a second predetermined temperature, decreasing the temperature of the ceramic material to a third predetermined temperature to freeze the grain size of the ceramic material and maintaining the temperature of the ceramic material at the third predetermined temperature for a third predetermined time period to densify the ceramic material. Finally decreasing the temperature of the ceramic material to ambient temperature. The method increases the density of the ceramic material. Used for electrolyte layers of solid oxide fuel cells.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is described. A channel area is arranged in a semiconductor substrate between a first contact area and a second contact area. A first programmable structure includes a first control structure. The first programmable structure is arranged such that a conductivity of a first section of the channel area depends on a voltage applicable to the first control structure of the first programmable structure and on an information value stored in the first programmable structure. A second programmable structure includes a second control structure. The second programmable structure is arranged such that a conductivity of a second section of the channel area depends on a voltage applicable to the second control structure of the second programmable structure and on an information value stored in the second programmable structure. The first section and the second section of the channel area are electrically connected in series between the first contact area and the second contact area.

Abstract: A valve includes a valve plate coupled to the movable device disposed partially within a housing. An electromagnetic actuator includes a first set of permanent magnets provided to the movable device. At least one stator core is disposed proximate to the movable device with a gap between the stator core and the movable device. At least one stator coil is wound to each stator core. A power source is coupled to the at least one stator coil and configured to supply electric current to the at least one stator coil. The opening and closing of the valve plate is controlled by changing direction of electric current flow through the at least one stator coil.

Abstract: A valve comprises an electromagnetic actuator including a solenoid. The solenoid includes at least one core and an anchor plate. The solenoid further comprises at least one coil disposed within the core and connected to a set of power electronics to supply current to the coils. The actuator further comprises a plunger connected to the anchor plate and at least one spring configured to guide the plunger. The actuator also includes a pressure compensation system. The opening and closing of the valve is controlled by passing current through the coil.

Abstract: A system for stabilizing flow in a pipeline is provided. The system includes at least one of an internal supply or an external supply configured to provide fluid into the pipeline such that a ratio of liquid to gas in the flow is within an acceptable range. The system also includes one or more sensors configured to indicate the ratio of liquid to gas in the fluid. The system further includes at least one valve configured to regulate a flow of the fluid from the internal supply or the external supply into the pipeline based upon the ratio indicated by the one or more sensors.

Abstract: A system for detecting and controlling a slug event in a flow through a pipeline is provided. The system includes multiple sensors configured to indicate one or more parameters of the flow for a slug at multiple locations in the pipeline. The system also includes a controller configured to receive one or more response signals corresponding to at least one of the parameters from the sensors. The system further includes a variable speed drive system electrically coupled to the controller and a compressor pumping fluid in the pipeline such that a ratio of liquid to gas is within an acceptable range, wherein the variable speed drive is configured to receive one or more signals from the controller and further configured to regulate at least one of a translational or a rotational speed or a power of the compressor based upon the signals. The system also includes a display unit coupled to the controller, the display unit configured to output the plurality of signals received from the controller.

Abstract: A torque-based sensor and control method for detecting varying gas-liquid fractions of a fluid entering a turbomachine that operates a fluid of varying liquid phases and compositions and using information about the actual gas-liquid fraction to set a control algorithm so that it can change the torque and therefore the rotation speed of the turbomachine to operate at safer conditions or conditions with higher efficiency or higher power output.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory is disclosed having an electrically conductive region buried in a substrate, and having an array of first and second cells. The first cells are designed as memory cells each having a selection transistor and a storage capacitor and are connected to word lines and first bit lines. The second cells are designed as switchable contacts each having a selection transistor and a resistance element and are connected to a respective one of the word lines and to a second bit line. The resistance element includes a first electrode and a second electrode, which are conductively connected to one another. The second bit line makes it possible to apply a plate voltage to the buried conductive region in low-impedance fashion via the second cells.

Abstract: A device for reading out memory information storable in a memory has an integrator and a comparator. The memory provides, in a hold phase, a leakage current, and in a readout phase, a readout current. The readout current is dependent on the stored memory information. The integrator is adapted to integrate a quantity derived from the leakage current during the hold phase, and to provide a leakage voltage corresponding to an integrated leakage current. The integrator is further adapted to integrate a quantity derived from the readout current during the readout phase, and to provide a readout voltage corresponding to an integrated readout current. The comparator may compare the leakage voltage to the readout voltage and provide, in dependence on the comparison, a readout value corresponding to the memory information.

Abstract: Magnetic pumping systems and methods of pumping using such systems are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system for pumping fluid comprises: a substantially cylinder-shaped pump housing (200); a magnetic piston (210) residing within the pump housing (200) for displacing the fluid; a magnetic actuator (220) surrounding the pump housing (200), wherein the magnetic actuator (220) is configured to move the piston (210) by a magnetic force between the magnetic piston (210) and the magnetic actuator (220); and a magnetic ring (230) surrounding and attached to the magnetic actuator (220) for increasing a magnitude of the magnetic force.

Abstract: A valve comprises an electromagnetic actuator including a solenoid. The solenoid includes at least one core, wherein the core is an “E” shaped core or a “U” shaped core and an anchor plate. The solenoid further comprises at least one coil disposed within the core and connected to a set of power electronics to supply current to the coils. The actuator further comprises a plunger connected to the anchor plate and at least one spring configured to guide the plunger. The opening and closing of the valve is controlled by passing current through the coil and the valve is used in acompressor.

Abstract: A means of attachment for electrically contacting electronic components is disclosed. The means of attachment includes a carrier element and a number of elongated connecting elements. Each of the connecting elements is arranged on the carrier element and has an elongated body, which protrudes from the carrier element. Each of the connecting elements and the carrier element includes an electrically conductive surface.

Abstract: A metallization surface (5), which acts as an etching stop layer during the production of openings (4) in a passivation layer (3) applied to its upper face and protects an interconnect structure (6) arranged underneath it, is arranged in an uppermost metallization level (1). A further opening is produced in the metal surface (5), through which a focused ion beam is aimed at the interconnect structure (6) in order to connect interconnects to one another and/or to interrupt at least one interconnect. The wiring of the integrated circuit can thus be varied individually, starting from identically produced semiconductor chips.

Abstract: The invention relates to a prediction method and device for evaluating and forecasting stochastic events. The problem with prediction methods and devices of this type is that they have a potentially static structure and cannot be adapted to modified data records or modified marginal conditions of the stochastic events. As the invention uses a feedback of the evaluation results, a novel prediction method and a dynamic prediction device can be provided. The method and device are in addition characterized in that they can process the input parameter records and input conditions in real time, while allowing a modified variable allocation to be included via an additional set-up input.