Abstract: A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is described using a sub-wavelength grating (SWG) structure that has a very broad reflection spectrum and very high reflectivity. The grating comprises segments of high and low refractive index materials with an index differential between the high and low index materials. By way of example, a SWG reflective structure is disposed over a low index cavity region and above another reflective layer (either SWG or DBR). In one embodiment, the SWG structure is movable, such as according to MEMS techniques, in relation to the opposing reflector to provide wavelength selective tuning. The SWG-VCSEL design is scalable to form the optical cavities for a range of SWG-VCSELs at different wavelengths, and wavelength ranges.

Abstract: A process for coating a front and back surface of an industrial textile to increase its abrasion resistance is disclosed. The coating process comprises the steps of coating the textile with a coating compound, heating coated textile at a temperature of 120 degree Celsius and drying the coated textile for 60 seconds. Two passes of coating is applied for the process wherein the viscosity for first pass of coating is 21000 centipoise and the viscosity for second pass of coating is 12000 centipoise. On completion of the coating process, the coated textile is treated with a water repellent agent. The coating compound used for the process is an aromatic compound, polyurethane mixed with methyl ethyl ketone and the water repellent agent is silicone. The overall process requires a curing time of 2 minutes with a curing agent.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the structural formula (I) are activators of AMP-protein kinase and are useful in the treatment, prevention and suppression of diseases mediated by the AMPK-activated protein kinase. The compounds of the present invention are useful in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension.

Abstract: Currently data transmission over the Internet between two client computers where both client computers are protected by firewalls is problematic, since firewalls block incoming packets. A method is provided for permitting packet based data transmission between a first client computer C1 protected by a first NAPT or NAT firewall and a second client computer C2 protected by a second NAPT or NAT firewall to traverse the first and the second firewalls. The method can also be applied to other devices, such as routers, using NAT or NAPT.

Abstract: A system for managing access to folders of an email account so that some folders can be viewed by Internet users other than the email account owner One way of access is simply by typing an Internet address in an Internet browser Contents can also be posted by any Internet user to those publicly accessible folders. One way of posting is simply by sending an email addressed to that folder A voice message management system manages multiple voice message boxes for each subscriber for later retrieval such as one main incoming message box and an advertisement voice message box for storing targeted advertising messages. The incoming voice messages are routed to their respective boxes based on their type, preferably without ringing the user's telephone at the time of delivery. An email and voice message management system for monitoring and managing respective inboxes, folders or boxes of multiple email and voice communication accounts.

Abstract: Currently data transmission over the Internet between two client computers where both client computers are protected by firewalls is problematic, since firewalls block incoming packets. A method is provided for identifying the firewalls protecting a first client computer C1 protected by a first NAPT or NAT firewall and a second client computer C2 protected by a second NAPT or NAT firewall and allowing communications between the computers to traverse the first and the second firewalls.

Abstract: A sub-wavelength grating structure that has a very broad reflection spectrum and very high reflectivity comprising segments made of high refractive index material disposed on a layer of low refractive index material and a low refractive index material disposed above and between the segments. The index differential between the high and low index materials determines the bandwidth and modulation depth. The larger difference in refractive indices gives rise to wider reflection bands. The reflection is sensitive to parameters such as the grating period, the grating thickness, the duty cycle of the grating, the refractive index and the thickness of the low index layer underneath the grating. The design is scalable for different wavelengths, and facilitates monolithic integration of optoelectronic devices at a wide range of wavelengths from visible to far infrared.

Abstract: A system and method of orchestrating failover operations of servers providing services to an internal computer network includes a DR server configured to execute a control script that performs a failover operation. Information needed to perform the failover operation is stored on the DR server thereby eliminating the need to store agents on each of the application's primary and backup servers. The DR server may provide a centralized location for the maintenance and update of the failover procedures for the internal network's redundant services. A failover operation may be initiated by an authorized user in communication with the internal computer network.

Abstract: A system for managing access to folders of an email account so that some folders can be viewed by Internet users other than the email account owner. One way of access is simply by typing an Internet address in an Internet browser. Contents can also be posted by any Internet user to those publicly accessible folders. One way of posting is simply by sending an email addressed to that folder. A voice message management system manages multiple voice message boxes for each subscriber for later retrieval such as one main incoming message box and an advertisement voice message box for storing targeted advertising messages. The incoming voice messages are routed to their respective boxes based on their type, preferably without ringing the user's telephone at the time of delivery. An email and voice message management system for monitoring and managing respective inboxes, folders or boxes of above mentioned email and voice communication accounts.

Abstract: Currently data transmission over the Internet between two client computers where both client computers are protected by firewalls is problematic, since firewalls block incoming packets. A method is provided for identifying the firewalls protecting a first client computer C1 protected by a first NAPT or NAT firewall and a second client computer C2 protected by a second NAPT or NAT firewall and allowing communications between the computers to traverse the first and the second firewalls.

Abstract: An electrical connector for establishing electrical connection between a conductive portion of an LCD display and conductive elements of a printed circuit board comprises a substantially planar insulative connector housing and a plurality of electrical contacts supported thereby. Each contact includes a deflectable spring-like portion for resilient engagement with the LCD display and a tail portion for conductive engagement with the printed circuit board. Each contact further includes therebetween a mid-section secured to the insulative housing. The contacts are supported in the housing in laterally spaced disposition with respect to each other, and are adapted to provide sufficient normal forces to maintain sufficient mechanical and electrical connection between the connector and each of an LCD display and a printed circuit board. Contact free ends may be captured in a slot in the housing and the housing may include a flexible extent to provide increased contact pressure upon mating.

Abstract: Currently data transmission over the Internet between two client computers where both client computers are protected by firewalls is problematic, since firewalls block incoming packets. A method is provided for permitting packet based data transmission between a first client computer C1 protected by a first NAPT or NAT firewall and a second client computer C2 protected by a second NAPT or NAT firewall to traverse the first and the second firewalls. The method can also be applied to other devices, such as routers, using NAT or NAPT.

Abstract: A flash memory array having multiple dual bit memory cells divided into section attached to a wordline and a pair of reference cells logically associated with each section. A method of reprogramming a section or sections of words that are required to be changed includes inputting allowed changes to the flash memory array, reading word or words to be changed in each section, programming bits in word or words to be changed in each section, refreshing previously programmed bits in the word or words that are changed, refreshing previously programmed bits in the word or words changed in each section, refreshing previously programmed bits in the remaining word or words in each section and refreshing previously programmed in each pair of reference cells in the section in which changes have been made.

Abstract: A flash memory array having multiple dual bit memory cells divided into section attached to a wordline and a pair of reference cells logically associated with each section. A method of reprogramming a section or sections of words that are required to be changed includes inputting allowed changes to the flash memory array, reading word or words to be changed in each section, programming bits in word or words to be changed in each section, refreshing previously programmed bits in the word or words that are changed, refreshing previously programmed bits in the word or words changed in each section, refreshing previously programmed bits in the remaining word or words in each section and refreshing previously programmed in each pair of reference cells in the section in which changes have been made.

Abstract: A method is provided for selecting a group of memory blocks in a flash memory device given their starting and ending addresses. The method compares the two addresses to determine the multi-block first bit location which is the most significant bit location where the starting and ending addresses have different bits. The method then generates a converted memory block address where bits more significant than the multi-block first bit location are the ending address bits and where bits less significant than, or equal in significance to, the multi-block first bit location are equal to a logic 1. The method also generates a converted complementary memory block address identical to the other converted address except that bits in the bit locations more significant than the multi-block first bit location are the complements of the ending address bits.

Abstract: An electrical connector for establishing electrical connection between a conductive portion of an LCD display and conductive elements of a printed circuit board comprises a substantially planar insulative connector housing and a plurality of electrical contacts supported thereby. Each contact includes a deflectable spring-like portion for resilient engagement with the LCD display and a tail portion for conductive engagement with the printed circuit board. Each contact further includes therebetween a mid-section secured to the insulative housing. The contacts are supported in the housing in laterally spaced disposition with respect to each other, and are adapted to provide sufficient normal forces to maintain sufficient mechanical and electrical connection between the connector and each of an LCD display and a printed circuit board.

Abstract: An electrical connector (20) having a cover (70) pivotally secured thereto includes a housing (22) having a base (42), opposed side walls (26), and end walls (32), together defining a terminal receiving cavity (68) and a plurality of terminals (90) disposed in at least two rows therein. The cover (70) includes a hinge receiving slot (76) extending along a common one of its elongate sides (72) and inwardly from each end thereof. The cover (70) is secured to the housing (22) by a pair of hinges (78) with a base (80) of each hinge retained within in a respective one of the cover slots (76) and the leading end (84) of a leg (82) of each hinge (78) pivotally mounted proximate a middle position of a respective one of the housing end walls (32) adjacent an entrance to the cavity (68).

Abstract: Two NMOS boost transistors have their sources connected to the high voltage input while their drains and gates are cross-connected. Two coupling capacitors connect two alternate phase clocks to the gates of the two cross-connected boost transistors. An NMOS pass transistor has its gate connected to the drain of one of the NMOS boost transistors, its source connected to the high voltage input, and its drain connected to the output. In an embodiment, two diode-connected regulation transistors connect the gates of the boost transistors to the high voltage input. These connections insure that the gates of the boost transistors and the gate of the pass transistor never reach voltages higher than one threshold voltage above the high voltage input. In another embodiment, two discharge transistors have their drains connected to a decode input, their sources connected to the gates of the boost transistors, and their gates connected to the positive power supply.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a constant electric field that is insensitive to fluctuations in the power supply to a FLASH EPROM during erasure. The system comprises a plurality of sector source drivers and a power supply insensitive constant current source. Each sector has at least one binary storage element. Each storage element has a source. The sector source drivers couple the at least one source of a sector to be erased to the power supply insensitive constant current source. The power supply insensitive constant current source provides an electric field across the tunneling oxide which is constant and insensitive to fluctuations in the power supply. This improves the wear characteristics and lifetime of the binary storage elements. In addition, this system remedies problems associated with short channel effects, electron trapping, and the use of various voltage sources.