Abstract: Systems and methods of controlling banding defects on a receiving member in an imaging or printing process using a feedback and/or feedforward control technique. In one exemplary embodiment, a method of controlling banding defects on a receiving member in an imaging or printing process includes (a) determining a toner density on the receiving member, (b) automatically determining the extent of banding on the receiving member by comparing the determined toner density to a reference toner density value, and (c) automatically adjusting the toner density based on a result obtained from the comparison of the measured toner density to the reference toner density value, automatically determining the extent of banding and automatically adjusting the toner density being performed using a feedback and/or feedforward control routine or application.

Abstract: Electrodes are embedded in a biased transfer roller for the transfer of a xerographic image. The electrodes, which run the length of the roller, are deposited on an insulating core surrounding the shaft. A conformable semi-conductive layer of a flexible elastomer covers the embedded electrodes. The semi-conductive layer limits current flow between embedded electrodes, relaxes charge deposited on the roller surface, and maximizes the electric field that attracts the toner from the photoconductor to the image receiving surface (substrate or intermediate). The electroded biased transfer roller may tailor the electric fields within the nip, pre-nip, and post-nip regions between the photoreceptor and the image receiving surface of the xerographic device.

Abstract: Electrodes are embedded in a biased transfer roller for the transfer of a xerographic image. The electrodes, which run the length of the roller, are deposited on an insulating core surrounding the shaft. A conformable semi-conductive layer of a flexible elastomer covers the embedded electrodes. The semi-conductive layer limits current flow between embedded electrodes, relaxes charge deposited on the roller surface, and maximizes the electric field that attracts the toner from the photoconductor to the image receiving surface (substrate or intermediate). The electroded biased transfer roller may tailor the electric fields within the nip, pre-nip, and post-nip regions between the photoreceptor and the image receiving surface of the xerographic device.

Abstract: A xerographic printer includes a custom toner module. The custom toner module is arranged to form a developed custom toner image and thereafter to transfer this developed custom toner image onto an existing developed image. In a monochrome printer embodiment, the custom toner module transfers the developed custom toner image onto an existing developed monochrome image. In a multi-color printer embodiment, the custom toner module transfers the developed custom toner image onto an existing developed multi-toner image.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing residual particles from an imaging surface, including a cleaning blade having an edge adapted to remove the residual particles from the imaging surface; an electrode array, coacting with the cleaning blade, for removing residual toner particles in a direction of movement away from the edge of the cleaning blade; and a wave generator for generating a traveling wave pattern for moving residual particles in the direction of movement.

Abstract: A novel toner dispensing apparatus without any moving parts is provided. The toner dispensing apparatus, includes a toner hopper for containing a quantity of finely divided toner, said hopper having an elongated opening formed by the cooperation of the walls thereof through which toner is capable of being dispensed from said hopper, and a dispensing electrode array on a surface of one of said wall, for transporting toner in a direction of movement toward said an elongated opening formed at a dispensing rate; and a wave generator for generating a travel wave pattern for transporting toner in said direction of movement.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including a housing defining a chamber for storing a supply of developer material including toner; a dispensing system for dispensing toner of a first color and toner of a second color into said housing; an air system for fuildizing and mixing toner of said first color and toner of said second color; a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting toner on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, said donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, said array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantial across width of the surface of the donor member; and a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to said electrode array, the phase being shifted with respect to each other such as to create an electrodynamic wave pattern for moving toner particles to and from a development zone.

Abstract: This invention is directed to methods for the preparation of [1S-[1a,2b,3b,4a(S*)]]-4-[7-[[1-(3-chloro-2-thienyl) methyl]propyl]amino]-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl]-N-ethyl-2,3-dihydroxyc yclopentanecarboxamide, methods for the preparation of intermediates thereto, and to said intermediates themselves.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including: a housing defining a chamber for storing a supply of developer material comprising toner; a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting toner on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, the donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, the array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantial across width of the surface of the donor member; and a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to the electrode array, for generating a first electrodynamic wave pattern for moving toner particles along the surface of the electrode array to and from a development zone and generating a second electrodynamic wave to provide a fast oscillating-like toner motion along and perpendicular to the surface of the electrode array.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material, a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting developer material on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, the donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, the array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantially across the width of the surface of the donor member: a cascade loading member, spaced from the donor member, for cascading developer material at a predefined velocity onto the donor member; and a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to the electrode array, the phase being shifted with respect to each other such as to create an electrodynamic wave pattern having at a phase velocity for moving developer material to and from a development zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material including toner; a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting toner on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, said donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, said array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantial across width of the surface of the donor member; a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to said electrode array, the phase being shifted with respect to each other such as to create an electrodynamic wave pattern for moving toner particles to and from a development zone; and a charging device for charging toner on the surface of said donor member.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, comprising, a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material; a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting developer material on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, said donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, said array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantial across width of the surface of the donor member; means for loading developer material onto said donor member, a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to said electrode array, the phase being shifted with respect to each other such as to create an electrodynamic wave pattern having at a phase velocity for moving developer material to and from a development zone; and an AC voltage source operatively coupled to said electrode array, for applying an AC voltage in said development zone between the donor member and said imaging surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for simultaneously fluidizing, charging and loading toner onto a donor member in one step using a corona device which is enclosed and separate from the toner supply. An ion-air stream emanating from this charging device also directs the charged toner onto the donor. The system includes a housing for containing toner particles; a donor member, mounted in said housing, for transporting charged toner particles on the surface said donor member to a development zone adjacent to said image bearing member; a loading system for loading said donor member with charged toner particles, said loading system includes blower for generating an air stream for fluidizing toner particles and charging device for charging said air stream.

Abstract: A self-cleaning commutator brush structure for use with electroded donor members. The donor member is provided with embedded electrodes to which an electrical bias is supplied for creating toner clouding in the development zone of a toner imaging system. Electrical power is supplied to the electrodes via a pair of commutator brushes which contact the electrodes. A pair of bumps positioned at different locations on one of the surfaces of the donor member impede movement of the brushes. Each time the donor member is moved through a complete cycle of movement each brush is caused to be flicked by the bump to thereby liberate toner therefrom. The flicking action and consequent toner liberation serve to keep the interface between the brushes and the electrodes clean which prevents electrical resistance buildup therebetween.

Abstract: Direct electrostatic printing apparatus including structure for delivering developer or toner particles to a printhead forming an integral part of the printing device. The printing device includes, in addition to the printhead, a conductive shoe which is suitably biased during a printing cycle to assist in the electrostatic attraction of developer through apertures in the printhead onto the copying medium disposed intermediate the printhead and the conductive shoe. The structure for delivering developer or toner is adapted to deliver toner containing a minimum quantity of wrong sign. To this end, the developer delivery system is conventional magnetic brush which delivers toner directly to the printhead structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic printer employing tri-level xerography to superimpose two images with perfect registration during the single pass of a charge retentive member past the processing stations of the printer. One part of the composite image is formed using MICR toner, while the other part of the image is printed with less expensive black, or color toner. For example, the magnetically readable information on a check is printed with MICR toner and the rest of the check in color or in black toner that is not magnetically readable.

Abstract: A distribution bus 12 comprises a conductor sheet 16 and another electrode 18 separated by an insulating sheet 20 of foamed plastic or foamed glass, or by air.A jack plug 14 can be plugged in anywhere on the bus 12 by poking a contact pin 44 through a hole 64 in the conductor sheet 16 to contact the other electrode 18, and poking a contact sleeve 46 through the same hole 64 to contact the conductor sheet 16. The jack plug 14 is clipped to the bus 12 by clips 62 which are pushed through other holes 64 in conductor sheet 16 and are cammed by a rotatable wheel 28 into operative position.

Abstract: A new and improved structure for transporting single component magnetic developer for developing latent electrostatic images or for removing residual developer from a charge-retentive surface. In one embodiment of the invention narrow metal strips are embedded in the outer shell or cylinder of a conventional magnetic roll structure. The strips are very pointed adjacent the outer periphery of the shell. The sharp tips ensure a high magnetic field gradient when the magnetic roll disposed internally of the shell is rotated. The thinness of the strips causes them to respond to only the radial component of the magnetic field. Each strip responds to the oscillating radial field component slightly out of phase with its adjacent strip thereby creating a wave gradient along the surface which pulls and tumbles developer over the surface.

Abstract: There are disclosed compounds of Formulas I and II: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be hydrogen, lower alkyl having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, lower alkenyl having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, lower alkoxy having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxy, nitro, amino, halo including chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine, phenyl, alkanoyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms or they are bonded to one another to form a cycloalkene ring fused to the thiophene ring and having a total of from 5 to 7 annular ring carbon atoms, and R.sup.3 is an aliphatic or an aromatic group such as lower alkyl, e.g., methyl or ethyl. Such compounds are useful as intermediates in the production of tiprinast and related compounds.There is also disclosed a process for the regioselective synthesis of a compound of Formula I wherein R.sup.1 is CH.sub.3 and R.sup.2 is (CH.sub.3).sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 which comprises reacting a mixture of compounds of the following formulas: ##STR2## and ##STR3## with trichloroacetonitrile under acidic conditions.

Abstract: A new and improved structure for metering the developer to a uniform thickness on a developer roll. To this end a magnetic steel shim or blade member is provided in the vicinity of a magnetic developer roll. The shape and location of the shim or blade member in the developer sump is such that a transport magnet (i.e. developer roll) rotatably supported adjacent the outlet of the sump causes vibration of the shim or blade due to the coupling and decoupling therebetween of the magnetic force fields created through the rotation of the developer roll. The developer which passes between the shim or blade member and the developer roll is freed of agglomerations and is metered to a predetermined thickness on the developer roll.