Abstract: A conditional access method and apparatus for use with a system for controlling of digital TV program start time. Subscriber access is authorized to digital program streams. Content are divided into a plurality of working periods. Each working period of the plurality of working periods is scrambled with a different working key. A working key of a given period is delivered ahead of the given period. The working key is synchronized with scrambling control bits in an header working keys are inserted into an entitlement control message (ECM) packet, and the ECM packet is encrypted using a service key. A time period is inserted into the ECM packet during which the service key is valid. A service key is inserted in an entitlement.

Abstract: A method of an input unit of a method and apparatus for controlling digital TV program start time. The input unit and method of the input unit receive digital channels from multiple sources, as a plurality of digital-transport streams, respectively. Each digital-transport stream has a multiplicity of transport packets. The input unit and method time-stamp each of the received transport packets of the multiplicity of transport packets, thereby generating a plurality of time-stamped packets, and aggregate the plurality of time-stamped packets, and scramble the aggregated plurality of time-stamped packets. The scrambled-aggregated plurality of time-stamped packets are encapsulated.

Abstract: The bio-air sterilization system removes harmful contaminants and particulates, such as bacteria, viruses and molds, from air within an enclosed area, as well as from the surfaces located within the enclosed area, while also maintaining a safe workplace for individuals. The bio-air sterilization system uses a compressor to circulate indoor air through a pre-ionization field, an air filter, a dual ultraviolet system located within the bio-air sterilization system.

Abstract: An improvement is disclosed in the method for producing a multifilament (Nb, Ti)3 Sn superconducting wire by the steps of preparing a plurality of Nb or Nb alloy rods where Nb or Nb alloy monofilaments are encased in copper or copper alloy sheaths; packing the Nb or Nb alloy rods within a copper containing matrix to form a packed subelement for the superconducting wire; providing sources of Sn, and sources of Ti within said subelement; assembling the subelements within a further copper containing matrix; and diffusing the Sn and Ti into the Nb or Nb alloy rods to form (Nb, Ti)3 Sn. The method is improved by diffusing the Ti into the Nb from a minor number of Ti dopant source rods which are distributed among the Nb or Nb alloy rods.

Abstract: Scroll compressors include a tap for communicating a compressed refrigerant to a back pressure chamber to resist a separating force. A restriction is placed within this tap to slow build-up of the back pressure chamber at start-up. Further, the restriction smoothes out any fluctuations in the back pressure force as the pressure in the compression chamber from which the refrigerant is tapped may fluctuate.

Abstract: A video system for providing a large number of video streams. The video system includes a video server and dividing means. Storage means, a switch and control means are located at the video server. The video server has a plurality of central-processing units (CPUs). The dividing means divides a plurality of input video-streams entering the video system, and sends the divided plurality of input-video streams, with each divided video stream identified with a separate Ethernet address, to the video server. The storage means stores an input video-stream of the plurality of input video-streams as a stored-video stream. The switch routes an input-video stream of the plurality of input-video streams to the storage means. The control means controls the storage means to replay the stored-video stream and to control portions of the stored-video stream at an appropriate time, and controls the plurality of CPUs at the video server to work in parallel.

Abstract: A construction arrangement for a small set-top box to protect cryptographic capabilities and prevent a digital program in clear from being able to be tapped as required by Digital Rights Management protocols. A first layer of sheet metal capable of blocking X-rays, is formed as a shallow pan to hold a set of printed circuit boards. A second layer has a thin epoxy based printed circuit material. A third layer has a printed circuit board with integrated components placed on top of the second layer. A fourth layer has a three layer thin printed circuit board with a first and second metallic layer and holes for large components, such as electrolytic capacitors. A black liquid thermosetting epoxy fills the interstices between the sheet metal layer and the second layer, and between the second layer and the third layer, and between the third layer and the fourth layer, thereby preventing access to exposed circuit trace carrying digital signals in the clear.

Abstract: Scroll compressors include a tap for communicating a compressed refrigerant to a back pressure chamber to resist a separating force. A restriction is placed within this tap to slow build-up of the back pressure chamber at start-up. Further, the restriction smoothes out any fluctuations in the back pressure force as the pressure in the compression chamber from which the refrigerant is tapped may fluctuate.

Abstract: Scroll compressors include a tap for communicating a compressed refrigerant to a back pressure chamber to resist a separating force. A restriction is placed within this tap to slow build-up of the back pressure chamber at start-up. Further, the restriction smoothes out any fluctuations in the back pressure force as the pressure in the compression chamber from which the refrigerant is tapped may fluctuate.

Abstract: Scroll compressors include a tap for communicating a compressed refrigerant to a back pressure chamber to resist a separating force. A restriction is placed within this tap to slow build-up of the back pressure chamber at start-up. Further, the restriction smoothes out any fluctuations in the back pressure force as the pressure in the compression chamber from which the refrigerant is tapped may fluctuate.

Abstract: Several transmission embodiments selectively communicate rotary drive to an orbiting scroll to achieve capacity modulation. In these embodiments, when the motor is driven in a first direction, the orbiting scroll is driven at a rate which is equal to the motor speed. However, if the motor is driven in a reverse direction, the orbit rate of the orbiting scroll is reduced. The transmission ensures that the orbiting scroll member itself is driven in the proper forward direction regardless of whether the motor is being driven in forward or reverse.

Abstract: A system for the delivery of video on demand (VOD). A wireless remote control device generates keystroke signals for controlling a TV display and has a single button for restarting a selected program at a beginning of the selected program. A head-end unit supports separate downstream virtual channels for each separate TV set connected on a common TV feeder-cable; The head-end unit locally records and stores many programs, and transmits each program using a compressed digital format. The Compressed digital format may use MPEG-2 or MPEG-4. The head-end unit has means for protecting against signal theft. A set top unit encapsulates the keystroke signals and transmits the keystroke signals via a two-way channel to the head-end unit.

Abstract: Several transmission embodiments selectively communicate rotary drive to an orbiting scroll to achieve capacity modulation. In these embodiments, when the motor is driven in a first direction, the orbiting scroll is driven at a rate which is equal to the motor speed. However, if the motor is driven in a reverse direction, the orbit rate of the orbiting scroll is reduced. The transmission ensures that the orbiting scroll member itself is driven in the proper forward direction regardless of whether the motor is being driven in forward or reverse.

Abstract: Several transmission embodiments selectively communicate rotary drive to an orbiting scroll to achieve capacity modulation. In these embodiments, when the motor is driven in a first direction, the orbiting scroll is driven at a rate which is equal to the motor speed. However, if the motor is driven in a reverse direction, the orbit rate of the orbiting scroll is reduced. The transmission ensures that the orbiting scroll member itself is driven in the proper forward direction regardless of whether the motor is being driven in forward or reverse.

Abstract: Several transmission embodiments selectively communicate rotary drive to an orbiting scroll to achieve capacity modulation. In these embodiments, when the motor is driven in a first direction, the orbiting scroll is driven at a rate which is equal to the motor speed. However, if the motor is driven in a reverse direction, the orbit rate of the orbiting scroll is reduced. The transmission ensures that the orbiting scroll member itself is driven in the proper forward direction regardless of whether the motor is being driven in forward or reverse.

Abstract: A scroll compressor includes a non-orbiting scroll wherein the base is sealed to the housing. That is, the non-orbiting scroll provides the function of the scroll member, and also the function typically provided by a separator. A heat shield is positioned between the discharge pressure chamber and the base of the non-orbiting scroll. Leakage paths are provided to allow refrigerant to communicate between the discharge pressure chamber and spaces between the heat shield and the non-orbiting scroll.

Abstract: A scroll compressor has a check valve plate assembly with a reinforcing device to increase the strength of the check valve plate. The check valve plate is stamped from a relatively thin steel reed material. Notched areas are provided during stamping to enable the formation of rolled laterally spaced pins which provide an axis along which the check valve plate may pivot. The reinforcing device is in the form of a slot rolled pin, a spiral rolled pin, or a solid pin, fitted within a bore formed by the rolled laterally spaced pins of the check valve plate. The notched areas of the check valve plate are weakened due to the reduction of the local cross sectional area of the laterally spaced pins. Insertion of the reinforcing device significantly reduces the incidence of cracking that occurs at the notched areas of the check valve plate.

Abstract: A sealed compressor incorporates a relatively thin counterweight. The relatively thin counterweight is able to fit within a much smaller space than prior art cast counterweights. The relatively thin counterweight allows the reduction of the overall length of the sealed compressor, and thus provides very valuable benefits.

Abstract: A scroll compressor is provided within a sealed housing. Although the invention is shown with regard to a scroll compressor, it should be understood that aspects of the invention have benefit to any type sealed compressor. A lower bearing is attached directly to a housing end cap. The lower bearing is easily and accurately attached to the end cap, and reduces the complexity and cost of assembly of a sealed compressor. In particular, the end cap is provided with upset portions spaced circumferentially by gaps. The bearing is secured to the upset portions by welding. Oil can flow through the gaps and into a space beneath the bearing such that it can reach oil passages in the shaft.

Abstract: Several discharge check valve arrangements for scroll compressors move the check valve closer to the discharge port and the compression chambers. This reduces the amount of discharge pressure backflow, and thus reduces the amount of reverse rotation at shutdown. In one type of check valve arrangement, a plug is mounted within a check valve chamber to provide a stop for the check valve. The plug allows the check valve to seat against its valve seat while the compressor is operating to allow gas to flow around the check valve into a discharge plenum. At shutdown, the check valve arrangement is constructed to cause the check valve to rapidly close the discharge port. In other arrangements, the discharge check valve assembly may be mounted in a separator plate as a separate valve plug. This embodiment is similar to an earlier embodiment in the basic operation of the check valve.