Abstract: A mass spectrometer having a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) source which operates at ambient pressure is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to variants of target biological molecules (“TBMs”) and to methods of making and using the same to identify ligands of TBMs. More specifically, the invention relates to individual variant TBMs and sets of variant TBMs, each of which represents a modified version of a protein of interest where a thiol has been introduced at or near a site of interest. Ligands of TBMs are identified in part through the formation of a covalent bond between a potential ligand and a reactive thiol on the TBM.

Abstract: Triphenyl compounds of the formulae I, II, and VI: methods of making them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and methods for their use. The compounds are compounds are interleukin-4 antagonists; and are useful for the treatment of asthma and allergies.

Abstract: Calibrant compositions are provided for use in either electrospray or APCI mass spectrometry, and can be used in either positive-ionization or negative-ionization modes. The compositions contain a primary calibrant preferably comprised of a mixture of homogeneously substituted triazatriphosphorines, and a secondary calibrant enabling calibration at relatively low mass-to-charge (m/z) values. The compositions enable calibration across a broad mass spectral range. Novel triazatriphosphorine compounds are provided as well, as are methods for calibrating mass spectrometers using the novel calibrant compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ionization chamber. More particularly, the invention relates to a mass spectrometer system having an ionization chamber incorporating a corona needle removable from outside the closed ionization chamber. In preferred embodiments, the corona needle is self-positioning and engages and disengages operational or safety electrical connections.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor is designed for use in detecting a concentration of an analyte in a sample solution. The sensor to have a longer useful lifetime, improved stability and improved response time for single or multiple use applications. In one aspect, some of these goals are achieved by providing the multilayer enzyme electrode membrane having both nonporous and microporous layers. The microporous layer is formed from a polymer binder, a polymer powder, a surfactant and a mineral powder. In another aspect, certain of these goals are achieved by the use of a layer comprised of an enzyme disposed within a polymer matrix. In certain embodiments, the multilayer enzyme electrode membrane includes an outermost layer which is capable of dissolving in the sample solution such that the interface between the multilayer enzyme electrode membrane and the sample solution is continually renewed.