Abstract: Systems and methods for applying pressure to electrochemical devices are generally described. In some aspects, batteries including an electrochemical cell and an associated deformable solid are provided. The deformable solid may be configured to apply an anisotropic force (e.g., during cycling), which may improve the performance and/or durability of the electrochemical cell. In some instances (for example, in certain cases where the deformable solid includes a piezoelectric array and/or an electroactive polymer), the battery may be able to make dynamic adjustments to a pressure experienced by the electrochemical cell (e.g., based on signals from a pressure sensor). The systems and methods described herein can, in some instances, provide for relatively uniform pressure distributions across an electrochemical cell and/or throughout a stack of multiple electrochemical cells.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells and electrochemical systems containing lithium (e.g., lithium metal) are generally described.

Abstract: Articles and methods including layers for protection of electrodes in electrochemical cells are provided. As described herein, a layer, such as a protective layer for an electrode, may comprise a plurality of particles (e.g., crystalline inorganic particles, amorphous inorganic particles). In some aspects, at least a portion of the plurality of particles (e.g., inorganic particles) are fused to one another. For instance, in some aspects, the layer may be formed by aerosol deposition or another suitable process that involves subjecting the particles to a relatively high velocity such that fusion of particles occurs during deposition. In some cases, the protective layer may be porous.

Abstract: Articles containing electrodes and current collectors arranged such that at least one electrode can be electronically isolated from other components of the article and/or an electrochemical device, and associated systems and methods, are provided. In some cases, the articles contain substrates for which a change in volume of the substrate causes at least one electrode to become electronically isolated from other components of the article and/or an electrochemical device. In certain cases, heating the substrate causes the change in volume of the substrate.

Abstract: The use of ion-conducting materials to protect electrodes is generally described. The ion-conducting material may be in the form of a layer that is adjacent to a polymeric layer, such as a porous separator, to form a composite. At least a portion of the pores of the polymer layer may be filled or unfilled with the ion-conducting material. In some embodiments, the ion-conducting layer is sufficiently bonded to the polymer layer to prevent delamination of the layers during cycling of an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Articles containing electrodes and current collectors arranged such that at least one electrode can be electronically isolated from other components of the article and/or an electrochemical device, and associated systems and methods, are provided. In some cases, the articles contain substrates for which a change in volume of the substrate causes at least one electrode to become electronically isolated from other components of the article and/or an electrochemical device. In certain cases, heating the substrate causes the change in volume of the substrate. Articles and electrochemical devices containing electrodes, current collectors, heaters, and/or sensors and associated systems and methods, are also provided. Electrochemical devices containing electrodes and current collectors arranged in a folded configuration, and associated articles, systems and methods, are also provided.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells comprising electrodes comprising lithium (e.g., in the form of a solid solution with non-lithium metals), from which in situ current collectors may be formed, are generally described.

Abstract: Articles and electrochemical devices containing electrodes, current collectors, heaters, and/or sensors and associated systems and methods, are provided. The sensors, when present, may be temperature sensors or pressure sensors. In some cases, the heaters and/or sensors are adjacent to the article or electrochemical device. In certain cases, the heaters and/or sensors are thin films that are integrated into the article or electrochemical device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for applying pressure to electrochemical devices are generally described. In some aspects, batteries including an electrochemical cell and an associated deformable solid are provided. The deformable solid may be configured to apply an anisotropic force (e.g., during cycling), which may improve the performance and/or durability of the electrochemical cell. In some instances (for example, in certain cases where the deformable solid includes a piezoelectric array and/or an electroactive polymer), the battery may be able to make dynamic adjustments to a pressure experienced by the electrochemical cell (e.g., based on signals from a pressure sensor). The systems and methods described herein can, in some instances, provide for relatively uniform pressure distributions across an electrochemical cell and/or throughout a stack of multiple electrochemical cells.

Abstract: Electrodes and electrochemical cells that can be operated at high voltages and related methods are generally described.

Abstract: Electrodes and electrochemical cells that can be operated at high voltages and related methods are generally described.

Abstract: Lithium metal electrodes, modular lithium deposition systems, and associated articles and methods are generally described.

Abstract: Articles and methods including layers for protection of electrodes in electrochemical cells are provided. As described herein, a layer, such as a protective layer for an electrode, may comprise a plurality of particles (e.g., crystalline inorganic particles, amorphous inorganic particles). In some aspects, at least a portion of the plurality of particles (e.g., inorganic particles) are fused to one another. For instance, in some aspects, the layer may be formed by aerosol deposition or another suitable process that involves subjecting the particles to a relatively high velocity such that fusion of particles occurs during deposition. In some cases, the protective layer may be porous.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the roll-to-roll deposition of electrochemical cell components and other articles are described.

Abstract: Articles containing electrodes and current collectors arranged such that at least one electrode can be electronically isolated from other components of the article and/or an electrochemical device, and associated systems and methods, are provided. In some cases, the articles contain substrates for which a change in volume of the substrate causes at least one electrode to become electronically isolated from other components of the article and/or an electrochemical device. In certain cases, heating the substrate causes the change in volume of the substrate.

Abstract: Composite structures including an ion-conducting material and a polymeric material (e.g., a separator) to protect electrodes are generally described. The ion-conducting material may be in the form of a layer that is bonded to a polymeric separator. The ion-conducting material may comprise a lithium oxysulfide having a lithium-ion conductivity of at least at least 10?6 S/cm.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells comprising electrodes comprising lithium (e.g., in the form of a solid solution with non-lithium metals), from which in situ current collectors may be formed, are generally described.

Abstract: Composite structures including an ion-conducting material and a polymeric material (e.g., a separator) to protect electrodes are generally described. The ion-conducting material may be in the form of a layer that is bonded to a polymeric separator. The ion-conducting material may comprise a lithium oxysulfide having a lithium-ion conductivity of at least at least 10?6 S/cm.

Abstract: Articles and methods including layers for protection of electrodes in electrochemical cells are provided. As described herein, a layer, such as a protective layer for an electrode, may comprise a plurality of particles (e.g., crystalline inorganic particles, amorphous inorganic particles). In some embodiments, at least a portion of the plurality of particles (e.g., inorganic particles) are fused to one another. For instance, in some embodiments, the layer may be formed by aerosol deposition or another suitable process that involves subjecting the particles to a relatively high velocity such that fusion of particles occurs during deposition. In some embodiments, the layer (e.g., the layer comprising a plurality of particles) is an ion-conducting layer.

Abstract: Articles containing electrodes and current collectors arranged such that at least one electrode can be electronically isolated from other components of the article and/or an electrochemical device, and associated systems and methods, are provided. In some cases, the articles contain substrates for which a change in volume of the substrate causes at least one electrode to become electronically isolated from other components of the article and/or an electrochemical device. In certain cases, heating the substrate causes the change in volume of the substrate.