Abstract: Hard imaging devices and methods are described. According to one arrangement, a hard imaging device includes a media transport system configured to move media along a media path and a print device adjacent to the media path and configured to eject a plurality of droplets of a liquid marking agent in a direction towards the media moving along the media path to form hard images using the media. The ejection of the droplets of the liquid marking agent by the print device creates satellites of the liquid marking agent suspended in air in a region adjacent to the print device and the media. The device also includes a satellite removal system in one arrangement to remove the satellites from the air in the region adjacent to the print device and the media.

Abstract: Printers and apparatus to reduce emissions from a print substrate exit port are disclosed. An example apparatus to reduce emissions from a print substrate exit port includes a first member coupled to a hinge adjacent a printer substrate exit port, the first member to substantially cover a travel path of a print substrate in a first position and to pivot from the exit travel path of the print substrate in response to air pressure associated with the print substrate when the print substrate travels through the print substrate exit port.

Abstract: Measurement devices, systems, and methods to measure a high field conductivity of a fluid are provided herein. The measurement device includes a fluid cell, a pair of electrodes, a voltage switch, and a measurement unit. The fluid cell is on an inclined plane to receive the fluid. The pair of electrodes are connected to the fluid cell. The pair of electrodes are spaced apart from one another to receive the fluid therebetween and positioned parallel to one another to pass an electrical current therethrough. The power unit provides a high voltage power supply to one electrode of the pair of electrodes. The measurement unit measures the electrical current that passes between the pair of electrodes through the fluid.

Abstract: A method of cleaning an image transfer blanket of an image forming apparatus is disclosed. The method includes establishing a temperature of a cleaner roller having a cleaner receiving surface to receive a cleaner layer in a first predetermined temperature range. The method also includes placing the cleaner layer disposed on the cleaner receiving surface in contact with the image transfer blanket and removing surface contaminants from the image transfer blanket to the cleaner layer.

Abstract: A rib support system, a rib support device, a rib support method, a method for manufacturing a rib support device, and a computer readable medium are provided as described herein. The rib support device is configured to support a mine or tunnel rib (or wall) or roof to prevent spalling, and to provide safety and long term protection of tunnel (or open) areas. The rib support device may be made from a high density polyethylene (HDPE) material, or the like, that is resistant to corrosion, has superior overall performance and strength, has few (or no) sharp edges, is light weight, and is easy to handle.

Abstract: At least some aspects of the disclosure are directed towards densitometers and methods of determining optical density of printed images upon media. According to one example, an optical density determination apparatus includes a first light source configured to emit a first light beam in a first direction towards a substrate; a second light source configured to emit a second light beam in a second direction towards the substrate, the second direction being different than the first direction; a first sensor configured to sense light of the first light beam reflected from the substrate; a second sensor configured to sense light of the second light beam reflected from the substrate; and wherein the first and second sensors are configured to provide signals indicative of the light sensed by the first and second sensors and which are useable to determine optical density of the substrate.

Abstract: Hard imaging devices, humidity control systems and hard imaging methods are described. According to one arrangement, a hard imaging device includes an imaging member comprising a surface and a writing assembly configured to form latent images upon the surface of the imaging member. The hard imaging device also includes a development assembly configured to provide a marking agent to the surface of the imaging member to develop the latent images to form developed images, a transfer assembly configured to transfer the developed images from the surface of the imaging member to media to form a plurality of hard images, and a humidity control system configured to control humidity within a region of the hard imaging device which is adjacent to the surface of the imaging member during the forming and the development of the latent images. Other structure and methods are described.

Abstract: Hard imaging devices and hard imaging device operational methods are described. According to one arrangement, a hard imaging device includes a pen adjacent to a first location of a media path and configured to eject a plurality of droplets of a liquid marking agent in a direction towards the media moving along the media path to form hard images using the media, the ejection of the droplets of the liquid marking agent from the pen creating aerosol droplets of the liquid marking agent, and a gas injection system adjacent to a second location of the media path which is downstream from the first location with respect to a direction of movement of the media along the media path, and wherein the gas injection system is configured to inject a gas towards the media.

Abstract: Printers and apparatus to reduce emissions from a print substrate exit port are disclosed. An example apparatus to reduce emissions from a print substrate exit port includes a first member coupled to a hinge adjacent a printer substrate exit port, the first member to substantially cover a travel path of a print substrate in a first position and to pivot from the exit travel path of the print substrate in response to air pressure associated with the print substrate when the print substrate travels through the print substrate exit port.

Abstract: Printers, methods, and apparatus to filter imaging oil are disclosed. An example apparatus to filter imaging oil, includes adjacent electrodes and a switching circuit. The example switching circuit selectively generates an electrostatic field between the adjacent electrodes to cause particles suspended in the imaging oil between the adjacent electrodes to adhere to at least one of the adjacent electrodes, and generates an alternating electric field between the adjacent electrodes to cause the particles to be detached from the adjacent electrodes.

Abstract: An ink composition has controlled conductivity, and a digital printing system and a method of printing an ink employ an offset inkjet printing platform. The ink composition includes pigment particles dispersed in an oil-based dielectric carrier fluid with an oil-soluble dispersant. A concentration of dispersant is a fraction of a concentration of the pigment particles sufficient to render an electrical conductivity of the ink composition less than 100 pico Siemens per centimeter (pS/cm). The printing system includes an ink having an electrical conductivity less than or equal to about 300 pS/cm, an inkjet print head, a transfer medium, a developer, a remover and an image transferer. In the method of printing, the ink is nonelectrostatically jetted to the transfer medium, and developed into a fixed image. A portion of a supernatant is removed from the fixed image, and the fixed image is transferred to a media substrate.

Abstract: Hard imaging devices and methods are described. According to one arrangement, a hard imaging device includes a media transport system configured to move media along a media path and a print device adjacent to the media path and configured to eject a plurality of droplets of a liquid marking agent in a direction towards the media moving along the media path to form hard images using the media. The ejection of the droplets of the liquid marking agent by the print device creates satellites of the liquid marking agent suspended in air in a region adjacent to the print device and the media. The device also includes a satellite removal system in one arrangement to remove the satellites from the air in the region adjacent to the print device and the media.

Abstract: Ink jet printers, ink stream modulators, and methods to generate droplets from an ink stream are disclosed. An example method to generate droplets from an ink stream includes generating a stream of ink with an inkjet nozzle and modulating the stream of ink into a plurality of droplets by generating an alternating electrical field having a frequency based on a permittivity of the ink to cause a dielectrophoretic effect.

Abstract: Apparatus for capturing aerosols are disclosed. An example apparatus described herein includes a corona wire, and a nonconductive housing comprising a first cavity to expose a first portion of the corona wire, a second cavity to expose a second portion of the corona wire, and a chamber between the first and second cavities. A third portion of the corona wire is located within the chamber between the first and second portions of the corona wire.

Abstract: At least some aspects of the disclosure are directed towards densitometers and methods of determining optical density of printed images upon media. According to one example, an optical density determination apparatus includes a first light source configured to emit a first light beam in a first direction towards a substrate; a second light source configured to emit a second light beam in a second direction towards the substrate, the second direction being different than the first direction; a first sensor configured to sense light of the first light beam reflected from the substrate; a second sensor configured to sense light of the second light beam reflected from the substrate; and wherein the first and second sensors are configured to provide signals indicative of the light sensed by the first and second sensors and which are useable to determine optical density of the substrate.

Abstract: Hard imaging devices, humidity control systems and hard imaging methods are described. According to one arrangement, a hard imaging device includes an imaging member comprising a surface and a writing assembly configured to form latent images upon the surface of the imaging member. The hard imaging device also includes a development assembly configured to provide a marking agent to the surface of the imaging member to develop the latent images to form developed images, a transfer assembly configured to transfer the developed images from the surface of the imaging member to media to form a plurality of hard images, and a humidity control system configured to control humidity within a region of the hard imaging device which is adjacent to the surface of the imaging member during the forming and the development of the latent images. Other structure and methods are described.

Abstract: Hard imaging methods and hard imaging devices are described. According to one embodiment, a hard imaging method includes forming a plurality of latent images, using a development assembly, developing the latent images using a liquid marking agent, transporting the liquid marking agent relative to the development assembly during the developing, and performing a bubble reduction operation to reduce a presence of bubbles in the liquid marking agent during the developing and transporting compared with not performing the bubble reduction operation. Additional embodiments are described in the disclosure.

Abstract: Hard imaging devices and hard imaging methods are described. According to one embodiment, a hard imaging device includes a photoconductor, a developer member configured to move to provide a marking agent upon the photoconductor to develop a latent image upon the photoconductor, and a squeegee member configured to form a nip with the developer member and to move to provide the marking agent upon the developer member, wherein the squeegee member is configured to move at a speed slower than a speed of the developer member during the provision of the marking agent upon the developer member using a squeegee member.

Abstract: Imaging apparatuses and Image forming methods are described. According to one embodiment, an imaging apparatus includes a photoconductor including an image forming surface configured to receive a latent image, a plurality of developers individually configured to provide a marking agent to the image forming surface to develop the latent image, wherein one of the developers is configured to move in a first direction with respect to the image forming surface to implement development of the latent image by the one of the developers and an other of the developers is configured to move in a second direction different than the first direction to implement development of the latent image by the other of the developers, and wherein the photoconductor is configured to provide the developed image for transfer to media after the development of the latent image by the one and other developers.

Abstract: Printers and methods to reduce vapor emissions in printers are disclosed. An example printer is described, including a fan to urge an airflow from a first printer portion, a duct to direct the airflow from the first printer portion and to substantially prevent adding air to the airflow, a condenser in communication with the duct, the condenser comprising a first condensing fin to condense oil in the airflow into a liquid, and an airflow reflection reducer associated with the condenser to reduce reflection of the airflow off of the first condenser fin.