Abstract: A configuration for the optical detection of a specimen, wherein the specimen or at least part of the specimen is scanned by means of linear illumination by scanning means, means for linear beam shaping of the illuminating light are provided, and the illuminating light has a preferably periodic structure in at least one spatial direction in that means for generating the structure are disposed in the illuminating beam path, light coming from the specimen is detected and images of the specimen are generated therefrom, at least one optical sectional image through the specimen and/or one image with increased resolution is/are calculated from the images, and means for generating the structure are disposed downstream of the scanning means in the direction of the illumination.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for collimated microscopic imaging, including a first illumination of a sample in at least one region for exciting fluorescence, and a spatially resolving detection of the sample light by detector elements, the detection being associated with the region, wherein by means of a second illumination a sub-division of the region into separate fluorescent partial regions occurs, which are associated with the detector elements. The separation of the partial regions is carried out by the spatial separation of the fluorescent regions by means of intermediate regions having reduced fluorescence or no fluorescence, and/or by means of different spectral properties of the fluorescence from the partial regions.

Abstract: A method and a configuration for the depth-resolved optical detection of a specimen, in which a specimen or a part of the specimen is scanned by means of preferably linear illumination. The illumination of the specimen is periodically structured in the focus in at least one spatial direction. Light coming from the specimen is detected and images of the specimen are generated. At least one optical sectional image and/or one image with enhanced resolution is calculated through the specimen. Images are repeatedly acquired and sectional images are repeatedly blended while changing the orientation of the linear illumination relative to the specimen and/or spatial intervals between lines exposed to detection light from the illuminated specimen region are generated for the line-by-line non-descanned detection on an area detector or a camera and/or, during a scan, light is further deflected upstream of the detector through the line in the direction of the scan of the specimen.

Abstract: A method for generating an image of a sample by a microscopy method including varying local resolution, wherein at least two of the following microscopy methods are combined: laser scanning microscopy, a microscopy method wherein the sample is excited to luminescence by structured line or wide area illumination, and a first microscopy image is generated from the images thus obtained, having increased local resolution greater than the optical resolution of the image, a further microscopy method according to the PAL principle, by which a second microscopy image is generated, indicating geometric locations of marker molecules emitting luminescent radiation at an increased local resolution relative to the optical resolution, and a further microscopy method, wherein the sample is marked using marking molecules suitable for the STED, ESA, or RESOLFT technique, and a third microscopy image is generated of STED, ESA, or RESOLFT, wherein the obtained images are superimposed.

Abstract: A device for controlling a laser therapy of the eye, including an evaluation unit that determines an intensity of a transient temperature effect by analysis of interferometric signals obtained from the eye and a control unit that controls the laser therapy, which is based on said transient temperature effect, the control unit being connected with said evaluation unit. A method for controlling a laser therapy of the eye, includes determination of the intensity of a transient temperature effect that is utilized for the control of the laser therapy, based on the effect, by analysis of interferometric signals.

Abstract: Method for spatially high-resolution luminescence microscopy in which label molecules in a sample are activated to emit luminescence radiation comprising activating only a subset of the label molecules in the sample, wherein activated label molecules have a distance to the closest activated molecules that is greater or equal to a length which results from a predetermined optical resolution, detecting the luminescence radiation, generating a frame from the luminescence radiation, identifying the geometric locations of the label molecules with a spatial resolution increased above the predetermined optical resolution, repeating the steps and forming a combined image, and controlling the acquisition of the several frames by evaluating at least one of the frames or a group of the frames and modifying at least one variable for subsequent repetitions of the steps of generating frames for combining into an image.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for collimated microscopic imaging, including a first illumination of a sample in at least one region for exciting fluorescence, and a spatially resolving detection of the sample light by detector elements, the detection being associated with the region, wherein by means of a second illumination a sub-division of the region into separate fluorescent partial regions occurs, which are associated with the detector elements. The separation of the partial regions is carried out by the spatial separation of the fluorescent regions by means of intermediate regions having reduced fluorescence or no fluorescence, and/or by means of different spectral properties of the fluorescence from the partial regions.

Abstract: In structured illumination microscopy, the multiple recording of images with different phase positions of the structuring requires a high stability in the optical arrangement and sample throughout the entire measuring process. Also, the structuring must be projected into the sample in a highly homogeneous manner. The current invention optimizes recording of individual images in order to achieve the best possible resolution in the result image even in problematic samples. An optimization of this kind can be carried out in different ways, for example, by determining an optimal adjustment for at least one illumination parameter or recording parameter or by pulsed illumination such that an excitation from a triplet state of the fluorescent dye to a higher triplet state is reduced, or by illuminating the sample with depletion light for depopulating a triplet state of the fluorescent dye, which reduces bleaching.

Abstract: A microscope with means for adjusting the focal range, comprising a first objective lens for transmitting the object light of an illuminated object in the direction of a detector, with a second objective lens being disposed in the direction of the light upstream of the detector, which second objective lens is followed by a first mirror that can be adjusted in the direction of the optical axis, with at least one second mirror for transmitting light from the first objective lens in the direction of the second objective lens and from the second objective lens to the detector being disposed in the optical path, which second mirror is a fully reflective mirror, or a microscope with means for adjusting the focal range, comprising a first objective lens for transmitting the object light of an illuminated object in the direction of a detector, with a second objective lens being disposed in the direction of light upstream of the detector, which second objective lens is followed by a first mirror that can be adjusted i

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus, especially a microscope, characterized by a diffraction-limited resolution volume, comprising multiple dye molecules (UF) that can be switched between different states, at least one of which is fluorescent. The fluorescence is focused using an objective lens (O) and is imaged onto a spatially resolving detector. In at least one portion of the sample, the UF have a distribution density that is greater than the inverse of the diffraction-limited resolution volume. Said apparatus further comprises one or more light sources for emitting a switching radiation in order to switch a first subset of the UF in the sample, and for emitting an excitation radiation in order to excite the first subset of UF. A phase mask which generates a light distribution (PSF) having an at least partially limited local minimum radiation on the detector plane is provided in the beam path, preferably in the detection beam path.

Abstract: A test device for measuring permeability of a barrier material. An exemplary device comprises a test card having a thin-film conductor-pattern formed thereon and an edge seal which seals the test card to the barrier material. Another exemplary embodiment is an electrical calcium test device comprising: a test card an impermeable spacer, an edge seal which seals the test card to the spacer and an edge seal which seals the spacer to the barrier material.

Abstract: A method for laser beam machining of a workpiece in which a laser beam is focused by an objective, into or onto the workpiece having a boundary surface, to produce a machining effect by a two-photon process, and the position of the focal point with respect to the workpiece is shifted. To obtain a reference for the position of the focal point, an image of a luminating modulation object is projected through the objective onto the workpiece into the focal plane or so as to intersect it. Reflections of the image occurring at the boundary surface are imaged into an autofocus image plane, and are detected by a camera. The camera image plane either intersects the autofocus image plane when the image of the illuminating modulation object lies in the focal plane, or lies in the autofocus image plane when the image of the modulation object intersects the focal plane.

Abstract: A method for the three-dimensional imaging of a sample in which image information from different depth planes of the sample is stored in a spatially resolved manner, and the three-dimensional image of the sample is subsequently reconstructed from this stored image information is provided. A reference structure is applied to the illumination light, at least one fluorescing reference object is positioned next to or in the sample, images of the reference structure of the illumination light, of the reference object are recorded from at least one detection direction and evaluated. The light sheet is brought into an optimal position based on the results and image information of the reference object and of the sample from a plurality of detection directions is stored. Transformation operators are obtained on the basis of the stored image information and the reconstruction of the three-dimensional image of the is based on these transformation operators.

Abstract: A microscopy method is provided for generating an image of an image field passing in a predetermined depth of a sample to be examined, comprising a plurality of illumination steps, in which a part of the image field is in each case illuminated with a focused illumination beam bundle, which effects the generation of sample radiation on account of an interaction with the sample, detection steps, in which the sample radiation generated is detected, and an evaluation step, in which the image is generated on the basis of the sample radiation detected, wherein a first and second detection step are carried out during each illumination step, wherein sample radiation generated at the focus and outside the focus is detected in the first detection step and a smaller proportion of the sample radiation generated at the focus than in the first detection step and also sample radiation generated outside the focus are detected in the second detection step, and wherein the sample radiation detected in the second detection step

Abstract: Microscope with higher resolution with partial spatial superposition in the illumination by an excitation beam and a de-excitation beam and/or a switching beam in a fluorescing sample, whereby the light from the sample is deflected, whereby, in the excitation beam and/or in the de-excitation and/or the switching beam, at least one combination of devices exercising circular and radial influence on the spatial phase is provided.

Abstract: A microscope, particularly a laser scanning microscope, with an adaptive optical device in the microscope beam path, comprising two reflective adaptive elements, at least one of which is constructed as an adaptive optical element, both of which are oriented with their reflector surface vertical to the optical axes of the microscope beam path, and a polarizing beam splitter whose splitter layer is located in the vertex of two orthogonal arms of the microscope beam path or two orthogonal portions of a folded microscope beam path, wherein a first adaptive element is associated with one arm and the other adaptive element is associated with the second arm, and a quarter-wave plate is located in each arm between the beam splitter and reflective adaptive element, and a detection device to which the detection light is directed and which is linked to the adaptive elements by evaluating and adjusting devices.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for the optical examination and/or processing of a sample comprise an element for generating an illumination light, an element arranged downstream of the latter for spectral splitting of the illumination light for generating spatially separated spectral components, an element for parallelizing the split illumination light, an element for focusing the illumination light on or in the sample, wherein the spectral components are superposed, and an element for detecting the sample light, advantageously comprising an element for generating a short-pulse illumination light, an element arranged downstream of the latter for spectral splitting of the illumination light for generating spatially separated spectral components with pulse lengths that are greater than the pulse length of the illumination light, wherein these spectral components are combined again in the sample.

Abstract: Method and device for changing the illumination light and/or specimen light with respect to its spectral composition and/or intensity in an adjustable manner, wherein a spatial separation into the radiation components of different polarization is carried out with the first polarization means (Pol 1), a spectral spatial splitting of at least one radiation component is carried out with the first dispersion means (Disp1), and the polarization state of at least one part of the spectrally spatially split radiation component is changed, wherein a reflection of the illumination light and/or the detection light is carried out.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for collimated microscopic imaging, including a first illumination of a sample in at least one region for exciting fluorescence, and a spatially resolving detection of the sample light by detector elements, the detection being associated with the region, wherein by means of a second illumination a sub-division of the region into separate fluorescent partial regions occurs, which are associated with the detector elements. The separation of the partial regions is carried out by the spatial separation of the fluorescent regions by means of intermediate regions having reduced fluorescence or no fluorescence, and/or by means of different spectral properties of the fluorescence from the partial regions.

Abstract: A method in which specimens are examined using a microscope. For an illuminated specimen, spatially coherent light with at least one continuous wavelength range or a continuously tunable wavelength range is generated, and one or more wavelengths or wavelength ranges in the illumination light are selected in dependence on the prespecified method of examination. The specimen is then illuminated with the illumination light with the selected wavelengths or wavelength ranges, the illumination light and the emission light coming from the specimen are then subsequently separated, whereby the back radiated illumination light is suppressed in the detection beam before the detection and the emission light is detected. In such a method, the selection of the wavelengths or the wavelength ranges of the illumination light is tuned by means of the separation of the detection light and the illumination light and the suppression of the illumination light in such a manner that a prespecified control variable (R) is optimized.