Abstract: An impact mill using hammers to strike particles and reduce their size as the material progresses through a grinding chamber. Baffles are provided in the grinding chamber, adjacent the interior wall thereof, concentrically about the drive shaft of the mill. The baffles are adjacent to the hammers in the area of hammer sweep and form a path for the material using the flow of air through the mill and the swing of hammers to keep material from falling within the mill and remaining in the hammer sweep area. A variable speed motor varies the rate of movement of the hammers to increase or decrease the rate of strike of hammers to more efficiently and effectively reduce the material passing therethrough. The baffles can be retrofit into existing mills and can be created in angular sections with the lining of the grinding chamber for modular installation and removal.

Abstract: A system for conditioning stucco particulate material includes a vessel having separation chamber in communication with a holding chamber having a holding volume therein. The conditioning system includes the holding volume sufficient to condition the stucco particulate material therein and/or a control system configured to delay discharge of the stucco particulate material from the holding chamber. The system for conditioning stucco particulate material is configured to increase residence time of the stucco particulate material in the holding chamber to promote calcining conditioning therein.

Abstract: A planetary roller mill for processing a feed material includes a vessel with a grinding ring having an opening therethrough and a first area. The grinding ring is in sealing engagement with the inside surface of the vessel assembly. At least two non-circular support plates are secured to a rotatable shaft. Each plate has an axially facing surface. A plurality of rollers rotatably are mounted to and positioned between the two support plates. Each of the plurality of rollers are in grinding communication with the grinding surface. The planetary roller mill includes an air supply system having an outlet in communication with the opening in the grinding ring. Areas of the two support plates are of magnitudes which configure a flow area through the opening of at least 30 percent of the first area to provide a predetermined quantity of heated air to remove moisture from the feed material in the grinding assembly.

Abstract: A base and ring assembly for a grinding mill includes a base structure with a support plate, an annular support-ring fixedly secured to and positioned above the support plate. The support-ring has a radially inward facing convex surface that extends from a support-ring lower axial end to a support-ring upper axial end. The assembly includes an annular grinding-ring that has a radially outward facing concave surface which extends from a grinding-ring lower axial end to a grinding-ring upper axial end. The grinding ring has a radially inward facing grinding surface. The radially outward facing concave surface is complementary in shape to and engages the radially inward facing convex surface.

Abstract: A planetary roller mill for processing a feed material includes a vessel with a grinding ring having an opening therethrough and a first area. The grinding ring is in sealing engagement with the inside surface of the vessel assembly. At least two non-circular support plates are secured to a rotatable shaft. Each plate has an axially facing surface. A plurality of rollers rotatably are mounted to and positioned between the two support plates. Each of the plurality of rollers are in grinding communication with the grinding surface. The planetary roller mill includes an air supply system having an outlet in communication with the opening in the grinding ring. Areas of the two support plates are of magnitudes which configure a flow area through the opening of at least 30 percent of the first area to provide a predetermined quantity of heated air to remove moisture from the feed material in the grinding assembly.

Abstract: A base and ring assembly for a grinding mill includes a base structure with a support plate, an annular support-ring fixedly secured to and positioned above the support plate. The support-ring has a radially inward facing convex surface that extends from a support-ring lower axial end to a support-ring upper axial end. The assembly includes an annular grinding-ring that has a radially outward facing concave surface which extends from a grinding-ring lower axial end to a grinding-ring upper axial end. The grinding ring has a radially inward facing grinding surface. The radially outward facing concave surface is complementary in shape to and engages the radially inward facing convex surface.

Abstract: A system for conditioning stucco particulate material includes a vessel having separation chamber in communication with a holding chamber having a holding volume therein. The conditioning system includes the holding volume sufficient to condition the stucco particulate material therein and/or a control system configured to delay discharge of the stucco particulate material from the holding chamber. The system for conditioning stucco particulate material is configured to increase residence time of the stucco particulate material in the holding chamber to promote calcining conditioning therein.

Abstract: A planetary roller mill for processing a feed material includes a vessel with a grinding ring having an opening therethrough and a first area. The grinding ring is in sealing engagement with the inside surface of the vessel assembly. At least two non-circular support plates are secured to a rotatable shaft. Each plate has an axially facing surface. A plurality of rollers rotatably are mounted to and positioned between the two support plates. Each of the plurality of rollers are in grinding communication with the grinding surface. The planetary roller mill includes an air supply system having an outlet in communication with the opening in the grinding ring. Areas of the two support plates are of magnitudes which configure a flow area through the opening of at least 30 percent of the first area to provide a predetermined quantity of heated air to remove moisture from the feed material in the grinding assembly.

Abstract: An impact mill using hammers to strike particles and reduce their size as the material progresses through a grinding chamber. Baffles are provided in the grinding chamber, adjacent the interior wall thereof, concentrically about the drive shaft of the mill. The baffles are adjacent to the hammers in the area of hammer sweep and form a path for the material using the flow of air through the mill and the swing of hammers to keep material from falling within the mill and remaining in the hammer sweep area. A variable speed motor varies the rate of movement of the hammers to increase or decrease the rate of strike of hammers to more efficiently and effectively reduce the material passing therethrough. The baffles can be retrofit into existing mills and can be created in angular sections with the lining of the grinding chamber for modular installation and removal.

Abstract: A roller mill system includes a vessel having an inlet, an outlet, a grinding zone and a classifier zone. The grinding zone includes a grinding assembly configured for grinding the material into fine particles. The grinding zone also includes a rejects capture and discharge system that includes one or more discharge conduits for conveying rejects away from the vessel. The rejects capture and discharge system includes: 1) a collection trough located under the grinding assembly and in communication with one of the discharge conduits, for discharging rejects from the grinding zone; and/or 2) a turbine classifier mounted in the classifier zone. The turbine classifier is rotatable about a central axis. Another outlet is formed in a side wall of the classifier zone. The turbine classifier is configured to expel the rejects radially outward therefrom, through the side wall outlet and into another one of the discharge conduits.

Abstract: A bowl mill for producing coarse ground particles has a substantially closed body, a bowl assembly, a plurality of grinding rolls, and a coarse particle transport enabling area. The substantially closed body has an interior area. The bowl assembly includes a rotatable grinding table mounted for rotation in a direction of rotation in the interior area. The grinding table has a grinding surface thereon. The plurality of grinding rolls are positioned proximate the grinding surface. The grinding rolls and the grinding surface define a grinding area therebetween. The coarse particle transport enabling area is located radially outward from the grinding area. The coarse particle transport enabling area is configured to allow the coarse particles to freely exit the grinding area and to mitigate the coarse particles from being circulated back into the grinding area.

Abstract: A roller mill system includes a vessel having an inlet, an outlet, a grinding zone and a classifier zone. The grinding zone includes a grinding assembly configured for grinding the material into fine particles. The grinding zone also includes a rejects capture and discharge system that includes one or more discharge conduits for conveying rejects away from the vessel. The rejects capture and discharge system includes: 1) a collection trough located under the grinding assembly and in communication with one of the discharge conduits, for discharging rejects from the grinding zone; and/or 2) a turbine classifier mounted in the classifier zone. The turbine classifier is rotatable about a central axis. Another outlet is formed in a side wall of the classifier zone. The turbine classifier is configured to expel the rejects radially outward therefrom, through the side wall outlet and into another one of the discharge conduits.

Abstract: A bowl mill for producing coarse ground particles has a substantially closed body, a bowl assembly, a plurality of grinding rolls, and a coarse particle transport enabling area. The substantially closed body has an interior area. The bowl assembly includes a rotatable grinding table mounted for rotation in a direction of rotation in the interior area. The grinding table has a grinding surface thereon. The plurality of grinding rolls are positioned proximate the grinding surface. The grinding rolls and the grinding surface define a grinding area therebetween. The coarse particle transport enabling area is located radially outward from the grinding area. The coarse particle transport enabling area is configured to allow the coarse particles to freely exit the grinding area and to mitigate the coarse particles from being circulated back into the grinding area.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to engineered P450 polypeptides and use of such polypeptides in chemoenzymatic methods to construct selectively protected carbohydrates, which are useful as building blocks for preparation of carbohydrate derivatives and oligosaccharides

Abstract: A hammermill, such as an imp mill 10, for pulverizing material includes a housing 16 defining a grinding chamber 14 having a grinding apparatus 12 disposed therein. The material is fed into the grinding chamber to the grinding apparatus through an inlet conduit 24, and the resulting ground material is directed from the grinding chamber through an outlet conduit 28. The grinding apparatus includes a plurality of hammer disks 32 axially spaced along a rotor 34, wherein disks 32 are disposed within the grinding chamber 14. A plurality of rows 41-46 of hammers 30 is attached to the hammer disks 32. The hammers 30 of each respective row of hammers are circumferentially spaced around the hammer disks 32, wherein each row of hammers is formed to provide generally uniform wear across each row of hammers. The uniform wear may be achieved by forming the hammers 30 of different hardness or wear resistant qualities, and/or configuring the rows of hammers with different shapes.

Abstract: An encoded signal is modulated to produce a first radio frequency (RF) signal that is transmitted to a client module over a first transceiver channel when a first transceiver module is in a transceive mode. A channel scan is performed when the first transceiver module is in a scan mode. The encoded signal is modulated to produce a second RF signal and that is transmitted over a second transceiver channel when a second transceiver module is in a transceive mode.

Abstract: A roller mill 10 for pulverizing fine material has a grinding mechanism that includes a plurality of grinding rolls 64 and a grinding ring 66 that coact to pulverize material within a mill housing. The grinding ring has an inner grinding surface wherein the inner surface includes an upper vertical portion and inwardly sloped lower portion. The lower portion of the ring provides a means for retaining more fine particles on the ring during pulverizing, as well as an increase in grinding surface. The grinding rolls have a generally cylindrical shape with an outer grinding surface that includes an upper vertical portion and a lower portion of the outer grinding surface. The outer grinding surface of the roll is complementary to the inner grinding surface of the grinding ring.

Abstract: A system (100) for calcining natural gypsum, synthetic gypsum (112) or a combination thereof, the system including: a mill (114) for grinding and drying natural gypsum, synthetic gypsum (112) or a combination thereof, to produce dried gypsum (116); a flash calciner (118) for calcining the dried gypsum to produce an exhaust gas (130) and calcined gypsum (128); and a mechanism (134) for transporting at least a portion of the exhaust gas (130) produced by the flash calciner (118) to an air heater (126) that supplies hot gas (126a) to the flash calciner (118).

Abstract: A method of controlling a motor to cause it to execute a move toward a target position including calculating a deceleration position, wherein when the deceleration position is reached, the motor will be caused to execute a deceleration in a manner that will result in the motor stopping short of the target position, and determining whether the requested move is a first move type after the motor has reached the deceleration position and the deceleration is complete. If the requested move is a first move type, the method includes causing the motor to move toward the target position at a first velocity, and if the requested move is a second move type, the method includes causing the DC motor to move toward the requested target position at a second velocity, wherein the second velocity is greater than the first velocity. Settling time is also varied depending on move type.

Abstract: A system (100) for calcining natural gypsum, synthetic gypsum (112) or a combination thereof, the system including: a mill (114) for grinding and drying natural gypsum, synthetic gypsum (112) or a combination thereof, to produce dried gypsum (116); a flash calciner (118) for calcining the dried gypsum to produce an exhaust gas (130) and calcined gypsum (128); and a mechanism (134) for transporting at least a portion of the exhaust gas (130) produced by the flash calciner (118) to an air heater (126) that supplies hot gas (126a) to the flash calciner (118).