Abstract: The present invention provides a compound or complex comprising at least two moieties, each moiety being comprised of two or more thiophenes fused directly to each other. Also provided is a method for the production of the compounds of the present invention, which method comprises the coupling of one fused thiophene derivative to another fused thiophene derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted piperazine derivatives of general formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to urethanes and the thio and dithio analogues thereof of general formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to urethanes and the thio and dithio analogues thereof of general formula wherein m, n, A, X, Y and R1 to R8 are defined as in claim 1, the enantiomers, diastereomers and the salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof which have valuable properties, particularly an inhibitory effect on cholesterol biosynthesis, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, their use and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to urethanes derived from azacycloalkanes and the thio and dithio analogues thereof of general formula wherein m, n, A, X, Y, E and R1 to R8 are defined as in claim 1, the enantiomers, diastereomers and the salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof which have valuable properties, particularly an inhibitory effect on cholesterol biosynthesis, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, their use and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: The method measures hydrogen sulfide concentrations in hydride gases in a sealed vessel. The sealed vessel has a gas inlet to receive a stream of hydride gas, a gas outlet to remove the stream of hydride gas and a metal acetate substrate. The stream of hydride gas contains a concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas. Introducing the stream of hydride gas through the gas inlet contacts the acetate substrate with the stream of hydride gas. Reacting the hydrogen sulfide gas contained in the stream of hydride gas with the acetate substrate modifies optical properties of the acetate substrate. Then measuring the optical properties of the acetate substrate determines the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide gas contained in the stream of hydride gas.

Abstract: The invention is a method of removing materials such as carbon and metallic elements from a substrate surface via heating in an atmosphere of molecular chlorine and steam. In a preferred embodiment, carbon residue is removed from the surface of a Si or GaAs substrate material.

Abstract: A process for working up crude, liquid vinyl acetate feed containing acetic acid, water and ethyl acetate and optionally smaller amounts of other impurities by distillation, wherein there is introduced into the distillation column, above the feed point of the crude, liquid vinyl acetate, 0.1 to 5% by weight of water, based on the crude, liquid vinyl acetate feed, and 0.1 to 60% by weight of acetic acid, based on the crude, liquid vinyl acetate feed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining contact resistance (107) includes pressing a lead connector (105) to make a first contact with a metallic pad (103) and an isolated contact with an isolated metallic pad (108) located adjacent to metallic pad (103). Once the first and isolated contacts are formed, the method includes flowing electrical current at a predetermined level through the isolated contact. With the aid of a volt meter (110), voltage differential across the isolated contact is measured while the electrical current at the predetermined level is flowing through the isolated contact. The contact resistance (107) of the first contact is determined based on information obtained from the voltage differential measured across the isolated contact and the predetermined level of the electrical current. Furthermore, the contact force created at the first contact is determined based on the contact resistance (107).

Abstract: A masking material for protecting the surface, or finish thereon, of a product, such as an automobile, during assembly, storage, shipment or transport including a bottom layer of plastic film adapted to have the lower surface thereof adhered to the surface to be protected, a cushioning layer disposed in superposed relation to the bottom layer and having lengthwise and widthwise dimensions smaller than the corresponding dimensions of the bottom layer such that the bottom layer protrudes for a predetermined distance beyond the periphery of the cushioning layer, and a top layer disposed in superposed relation to the cushioning layer and the bottom layer and having lengthwise and widthwise dimensions greater than the corresponding dimensions of the cushioning layer, the top layer being adhered to the cushioning layer and the bottom layer.

Abstract: A printing machine has a printing cylinder receiving printing substrates for printing. A cleaning device for cleaning the printing substrates transferred to the printing cylinder is provided. The cleaning device has a slotted nozzle connected to a vacuum source and having a slot opening. The cleaning device includes a compressed air conduit extending perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the printing substrates. The compressed air conduit is arranged centrally in the slot opening and extends in the longitudinal direction of the slot opening such that on opposite sides of the compressed air conduit two slots are formed in the longitudinal direction. The compressed air conduit has compressed air outlets directing the air flow onto the printing substrates. The compressed air outlets have a diameter of 2 mm to 4 mm and the air nozzle has a width of 15 mm to 25 mm.

Abstract: A heater comprising a heating element embedded in a dielectric sheet, is disclosed. A leaf spring which is curved when relaxed, clamps the embedded heating element against a surface to be heated. The heater is optionally mounted on an internal surface of an enclosure. The heater is operable to a flux of about 3.9 kW-m.sup.2.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus having a heat dissipative external enclosure is disclosed. The external enclosure having a containment wall from which depend extended surfaces or fins having a length extending vertically and defining channels therebetween. The thickness of the enclosure between external surfaces of opposed containment walls varying between a relatively thin portion and a relatively thick portion to provide an interior space having a relatively narrow portion and a relatively wide portion to accommodate components or units of corresponding different extent. The fins having outer edges, spaced from the containment wall, and having plain first opposed surfaces adjacent their outer edges, the first surfaces including a first angle therebetween. The fins or parts of fins adjacent the relatively thin portion of the enclosure also having plain second opposed surfaces inwards of the first surfaces, the second surfaces including therebetween a second angle greater than the first angle.

Abstract: The invention is a method of removing materials such as carbon and metallic elements from a substrate surface via heating in an atmosphere of molecular chlorine and steam. In a preferred embodiment, carbon residue is removed from the surface of a Si or GaAs substrate material.

Abstract: Compounds that inhibit the enzyme 2,3-epoxysqualene-lanosterol-cyclase and cholesterol biosynthesis, of the formula I ##STR1## wherein n denotes the number 0 or 1, m denotes the number 1 or 2, p denotes the number 0 or 1, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each denote hydrogen, lower alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, which may optionally also be substituted, or together with the nitrogen atom between the denote 5- to 7-membered saturated, monocyclic or heterocyclic rings which may optionally also be interrupted by an oxygen or sulfur atom or by an imino group, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 denote hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.5 additionally denotes lower alkoxy, R.sup.7 denotes hydrogen, cycloalkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, thienyl, furyl or pyridyl and A denotes a chemical bond or alkyl, alkenyl having up to 17 carbon atoms.

Abstract: In a satellite communication system, a method of unobtrusively intercepting a communication call includes establishing a first connection to originate from a first satellite subscriber (SU) and terminate at a first node at a first transcoder, establishing a second connection to originate from a second node at a second transcoder and terminate at a second SU, switching the first connection to originate from the first SU and terminate at a third node at the second transcoder, passing a first information carried by the first connection at the third node to the second connection at the second node. The first information without substantial delay or processing is transmitted by the second connection to be received by the second SU. The first information may be decoded in a decoder portion of the second transcoder to produce a first decoded information. The first decoded information, accordingly, may unobtrusively be monitored.

Abstract: An electronic circuit includes a dynamic regulator connected to a load and a dc-to-dc converter to reduce a need for bulky and expensive capacitors which would otherwise be required to suppress transients. The dynamic regulator comprises one or both of a current source circuit for actively sourcing current to the load during load current demand transients, and a current sink circuit for actively sinking current from the load during load current excess transients. The dynamic regulator preferably senses the load voltage, and tracks the load voltage. The current source circuit preferably includes a current source switch, and a current source controller for operating the current source switch responsive to the load voltage falling rapidly with respect to the tracked load voltage. In a similar fashion, the current sinking circuit may include a current sink switch, and a current sink controller for operating the current source switch responsive to the load voltage rising quickly above the tracked load voltage.

Abstract: The invention relates to benzothiazoles and benzoxazoles of general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3, X, Z and n are defined as in claim 1, the enantiomers, diastereomers and salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof which have valuable properties, particularly an inhibitory effect on cholesterol biosynthesis, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, the use thereof and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: A diffuse illuminator device is disclosed for providing uniform illumination onto a target. A generally tubular outer baffle, which has a proximal and an open distal end, defines an optic axis. A generally tubular inner baffle which is open at its proximal and distal ends is coaxially disposed within the outer baffle. An annular illuminator, positioned at the proximal end of the outer and inner baffles, directs a ring of illumination into an annular light tunnel which is defined by the space between the inner and outer baffles. This arrangement allows viewing of the target through the inner baffle. The inner baffle may also be adjusted along the optic axis in order to vary the illumination structure of the light on the target.

Abstract: This document describes O-acyl-4-phenyl-cycloalkanols of general formula I ##STR1## wherein n denotes the number 0 or 1, m denotes the number 1 or 2, p denotes the number 0 or 1, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each denote hydrogen, lower alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, which may optionally also be substituted, or together with the nitrogen atom between them denote 5- to 7-membered saturated, monocyclic, heterocyclic rings which may optionally also be interrupted by an oxygen or sulphur atom or by an imino group, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 denote hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.5 additionally denotes lower alkoxy, R.sup.7 denotes hydrogen, cycloalkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, thienyl, furyl or pyridyl and A denotes a chemical bond or alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having up to 17 carbon atoms, and also processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and the use of these pharmaceutical compositions which intervene in cholesterol biosynthesis.