Abstract: An aqueous cleaning composition, which may be suitable for use in cleaning hard surfaces, is described. The aqueous cleaning composition includes an ionic liquid solvent, an amino alcohol, and a substantial amount of water. The cleaning compositions may also include a disinfecting quaternary surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, such as an ethoxylated alcohol and/or alkyl polyglycoside, and/or a chelating agent, such as an aminopolycarboxylate chelating agent.

Abstract: An aqueous cleaning composition, which may be suitable for use in cleaning hard surfaces, is described. The aqueous cleaning composition includes an ionic liquid solvent, an amino alcohol, and a substantial amount of water. The cleaning compositions may also include a disinfecting quaternary surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, such as an ethoxylated alcohol and/or alkyl polyglycoside, and/or a chelating agent, such as an aminopolycarboxylate chelating agent.

Abstract: An aqueous cleaning composition, which may be suitable for use in cleaning hard surfaces, is described. The aqueous cleaning composition includes an ionic liquid solvent, an amino alcohol, and a substantial amount of water. The cleaning compositions may also include a disinfecting quaternary surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, such as an ethoxylated alcohol and/or alkyl polyglycoside, and/or a chelating agent, such as an aminopolycarboxylate chelating agent.

Abstract: An aqueous cleaning composition, which may be suitable for use in cleaning hard surfaces, is described. The aqueous cleaning composition includes an ionic liquid solvent, an amino alcohol, and a substantial amount of water. The cleaning compositions may also include a disinfecting quaternary surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, such as an ethoxylated alcohol and/or alkyl polyglycoside, and/or a chelating agent, such as an aminopolycarboxylate chelating agent.

Abstract: An aqueous cleaning composition, which may be suitable for use in cleaning hard surfaces, is described. The aqueous cleaning composition includes an ionic liquid solvent, an amino alcohol, and a substantial amount of water. The cleaning compositions may also include a disinfecting quaternary surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, such as an ethoxylated alcohol and/or alkyl polyglycoside, and/or a chelating agent, such as an aminopolycarboxylate chelating agent.

Abstract: A confectionery product comprises a first side and a second side generally opposite to the first side; the second side comprising an abrasive surface that is suitable for scrubbing the top surface of a tongue within the oral cavity. In preferred embodiments the first side is smooth, and may be domed shaped and generally fit the roof of the mouth. The abrasive surface may be provided by 1) a formed, uneven surface, 2) by including abrasive inclusions in the composition making up the second surface, or 3) a combination of a formed, uneven surface and abrasive inclusions. The confectionery product is preferably a hard confectionery, but may also be a chewing gum product. A preferred confectionery product comprises a second side with a width and a length, the smallest of which is at least 1.6 times the product thickness.

Abstract: Chewing gums and chewing gum bases which are cud-forming and chewable at mouth temperature contains a multi-block copolymer having at least two repeating sequences of at least two different polymeric blocks having at least three monomer units each. The multi-block copolymer optionally includes linking units and may be formulated to have non-covalent crosslinking between the copolymer chains. The multi-block copolymer is optionally plasticized with a compatible di-block copolymer to function as an elastomer system in the gum base. Characteristics of the multi-block copolymers can be selected to produce gum bases and chewing gums having desired properties. In some cases, chewed cuds formed from the gum bases may exhibit improved removability from environmental surfaces to which they may become undesirably attached.

Abstract: An aqueous cleaning composition, which may be suitable for use in cleaning hard surfaces, is described. The aqueous cleaning composition includes an ionic liquid solvent, an amino alcohol, and a substantial amount of water. The cleaning compositions may also include a disinfecting quaternary surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, such as an ethoxylated alcohol and/or alkyl polyglycoside, and/or a chelating agent, such as an aminopolycarboxylate chelating agent.

Abstract: An aqueous cleaning composition, which may be suitable for use in cleaning hard surfaces, is described. The aqueous cleaning composition includes an ionic liquid solvent, an amino alcohol, and a substantial amount of water. The cleaning compositions may also include a disinfecting quaternary surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, such as an ethoxylated alcohol and/or alkyl polyglycoside, and/or a chelating agent, such as an aminopolycarboxylate chelating agent.

Abstract: An aqueous cleaning composition, which may be suitable for use in cleaning hard surfaces, is described. The aqueous cleaning composition includes an ionic liquid solvent, an amino alcohol, and a substantial amount of water. The cleaning compositions may also include a disinfecting quaternary surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, such as an ethoxylated alcohol and/or alkyl polyglycoside, and/or a chelating agent, such as an aminopolycarboxylate chelating agent.

Abstract: A confectionery product comprises a first side and a second side generally opposite to the first side; the second side comprising an abrasive surface that is suitable for scrubbing the top surface of a tongue within the oral cavity. In preferred embodiments the first side is smooth, and may be domed shaped and generally fit the roof of the mouth. The abrasive surface may be provided by 1) a formed, uneven surface, 2) by including abrasive inclusions in the composition making up the second surface, or 3) a combination of a formed, uneven surface and abrasive inclusions. The confectionery product is preferably a hard confectionery, but may also be a chewing gum product. A preferred confectionery product comprises a second side with a width and a length, the smallest of which is at least 1.6 times the product thickness.

Abstract: A chewing gum, when chewed, produces a cud having improved removability from environmental surfaces by virtue of its extensional viscosity strain hardening parameter. Specifically, the cud has a extensional strain hardening parameter of less than zero or greater than 2.0.

Abstract: The invention is a method of protecting cardiac function in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of an inhibitor of the interaction between a pathogenic IgM and the N2 epitope in cardiac tissue.

Abstract: A confectionery product comprises a first side and a second side generally opposite to the first side; the second side comprising an abrasive surface that is suitable for scrubbing the top surface of a tongue within the oral cavity. In preferred embodiments the first side is smooth, and may be domed shaped and generally fit the roof of the mouth. The abrasive surface may be provided by 1) a formed, uneven surface, 2) by including abrasive inclusions in the composition making up the second surface, or 3) a combination of a formed, uneven surface and abrasive inclusions. The confectionery product is preferably a hard confectionery, but may also be a chewing gum product. A preferred confectionery product comprises a second side with a width and a length, the smallest of which is at least 1.6 times the product thickness.

Abstract: Chewing gums and chewing gum bases which are cud-forming and chewable at mouth temperature contains a multi-block copolymer having at least two repeating sequences of at least two different polymeric blocks having at least three monomer units each. The multi-block copolymer optionally includes linking units and may be formulated to have non-covalent crosslinking between the copolymer chains. The multi-block copolymer is optionally plasticized with a compatible di-block copolymer to function as an elastomer system in the gum base. Characteristics of the multi-block copolymers can be selected to produce gum bases and chewing gums having desired properties. In some cases, chewed cuds formed from the gum bases may exhibit improved removability from environmental surfaces to which they may become undesirably attached.

Abstract: A chewing gum comprises a primary chewing gum composition comprising gum base, a sweetener and a flavoring agent and a food acceptable delayed-release modification agent. The delayed-release modification agent reacts with the primary chewing gum composition after a chewed cud of the gum composition is formed, causing the primary gum to exhibit increased environmental acceptability after the chewed cud is discarded.

Abstract: A confectionery product comprises a first side and a second side generally opposite to the first side; the second side comprising an abrasive surface that is suitable for scrubbing the top surface of a tongue within the oral cavity. in preferred embodiments the first side is smooth and domed shaped. The abrasive surface may be generally convex and be provided by 1) a formed, uneven surface, 2) by including abrasive particles in the composition making up the second surface, or 3) a combination of a formed, uneven surface and abrasive particles. The confectionery product is preferably a hard confectionery, such as a pressed tablet. Preferred pressed tablets are made from a compressible composition and have at least one abrasive surface suitable for cleaning the surface of a human tongue in an oral cavity.

Abstract: A confectionery product comprises a first side and a second side generally opposite to said first side, and a product thickness. The second side comprises an abrasive surface that is suitable for cleaning the top surface of a tongue within an oral cavity. The second side has a width and a length, the smallest of which is at least 1.6 times the product thickness. The product does not include a handle and the product does not include a combination of a soft confectionery with a hard confectionery. In some embodiments the first side is smooth, and may be domed shaped and generally fit the roof of the mouth. The abrasive surface may be provided by 1) a formed, uneven surface, 2) including abrasive particles in the composition making up the second surface, or 3) a combination of a formed, uneven surface and abrasive particles. The confectionery product may be a hard confectionery, but may also be a chewing gum product.

Abstract: Oral products for the improved mineralization/remineralization of teeth are provided. In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides an oral product comprising a calcium salt, a phosphate salt, a sodium salt and a potassium salt. For example, the molar ratio of the sodium salt to the potassium salt ranges from about 3 to about 4.

Abstract: A confectionery product comprises a first side and a second side generally opposite to said first side, and a product thickness. The second side comprises an abrasive surface that is suitable for cleaning the top surface of a tongue within an oral cavity. The second side has a width and a length, the smallest of which is at least 1.6 times the product thickness. The product does not include a handle and the product does not include a combination of a soft confectionery with a hard confectionery. In some embodiments the first side is smooth, and may be domed shaped and generally fit the roof of the mouth. The abrasive surface may be provided by 1) a formed, uneven surface, 2) including abrasive particles in the composition making up the second surface, or 3) a combination of a formed, uneven surface and abrasive particles. The confectionery product may be a hard confectionery, but may also be a chewing gum product.