Abstract: This invention provides compounds of Formula I having the structure ##STR1## wherein A is C or N;B is O, S, N, or CH.dbd.CH;E is ##STR2## or --X--D; D is ##STR3## or alkyl of 1-12 carbon atoms; X is CO, CH(OH), CH.sub.2, or --CH--S-2-benzothiazole;Y is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, or halogen;Z is O, S, or N;R is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1-6 carbon atoms, halogen, or trifluoromethyl;R.sup.1 is alkyl of 1-12 carbon atoms, aryl of 6-10 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 7-15 carbon atoms, halogen, Het-alkyl wherein the alkyl moiety contains 1-6 carbon atoms, or aryl mono-, di- or tri-substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl, and alkoxy of 1-6 carbon atoms;Het is ##STR4## G is O, S, or N; and the remaining variables are as defined in claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in treating metabolic disorders related to insulin or hyperglycemia.

Abstract: The present invention provides new compounds having anti-diabetic and/or antihyperglycemia and/or anti-obesity activity, as well as pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment utilizing the compounds and processes for making the compounds, the compounds having the formula (II): ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl, cyano, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkoxy, or halogen;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 trialkylsilyl;R.sub.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkoxycarbonyl;or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are joined to form a ring: ##STR2## wherein R' is hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, or aryl; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl;R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are independently OR.sub.9 or NR.sub.10 R.sub.11 ;R.sub.9 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 silylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, heteroaryl, --CHR.sub.12 COOR.sub.13, --CHR.sub.12 C(O)R.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to 4-formyl-2-(naphthalenylmethyl)phenoxyacetic acids and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof according to formula I below, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, a method of treating hyperglycemia due to non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, and a method of prevention or treatment of complications associated with diabetes. ##STR1## wherein the group A is selected from the group consisting of 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, optionally substituted with alkyl of from one to six carbon atoms, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, alkoxy of from one to six carbon atoms; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl of from one to six carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is selected from hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, alkyl of from one to six carbon atoms, alkoxy of from one to six carbon atoms, and hydroxyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable metal salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to benzyl and naphthalenylmethyl thiophenones and cyclopentenones, some of which are novel, which have oral antihyperglycemic activity in diabetic mice, a genetic animal model of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. These compounds are represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, thio-C.sub.1-6 alkyl, or trifluoromethyl or R.sup.2 together with R.sup.3 forms a benzo ring fused to the phenyl ring and optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from C.sub.1-6 alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, thio-C.sub.1-6 alkyl, or trifluoromethyl;R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, thio-C.sub.1-6 alkyl, or trifluoromethyl; andR.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds which inhibit lipoxygenase in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and thus inhibits formation of leukotrienes which are implicated in inflammatory processes and bronchoconstriction and inhibits the oxidation of LDL which is implicated in formation of atherosclerotic plaque.The compounds useful in this invention are represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.2 is hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; Y of O or S;R.sup.5 is hydrogen or methylR.sup.6 is --NH.sub.2, --CH.sub.3 or --OCH.sub.3 ;and R.sup.1 is ##STR2## wherein R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.10 are independently halogen, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, alkoxy, methanesulfonyl or trifluoromethanesulfonyl; R.sup.9 is hydrogen or methyl; and Z is O or S,or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds which have demonstrated oral antihyperglycemic activity in diabetic ob/ob and db/db mice, animal models on non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM ot Type II diabetes). These compounds have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, ##STR2## where R.sup.10 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyoxy, trifluoroalkyl or trifluoroalkoxy;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl;X is O or S;n is 0, 1, or 2;A is ##STR3## where R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, trifluoroalkyl or trifluoroalkoxy;B is ##STR4## where R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, allyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl-(CH.sub.2).sub.1-6 --, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, trimethylsilyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl;R.sup.5 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl, or C.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds which have demonstrated oral antihyperglycemic activity in diabetic ob/ob and db/db mice, animal models on non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM ot Type II diabetes). These compounds have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: X os O or S;n is 0, 1, or 2; ##STR2## A is ##STR3## B is Y is O or S;Z is N or CH when Y is O and Z is CH when Y is S;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds having 5-lipoxygenase inhibiting properties and inhibition of oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein which have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 trifluoroalkoxy;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.4 is hydrogen, methyl or hydroxy;R.sup.5 is hydrogen, --NH.sub.2, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or --N.dbd.C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 ;X and Y are independently O or S; and n is 0 or 1; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Compounds which inhibit 5-lipoxygenase are useful in the treatment of diseases mediated by leukotrienes such as inflammation or bronchoconstriction. Compounds which inhibit oxidative metabolism of low density lipoprotein are useful in the inhibition of atherosclerotic plaque formation.

Abstract: The earliest lesion of atherosclerosis is development of the fatty streak lesions which contain lipid-laden macrophages and lipid-laden smooth muscle cells. Macrophages do not take up native low density lipoprotein (LDL) but do take up modified, i.e., acetylated LDL or oxidized LDL via acetyl-LDL or "scavenger" receptors to form the foam cells of atherosclerotic plaque. Arterial smooth muscle cells generate superoxide and oxidize LDL in the presence of micromolar concentrations of Cu.sup.+2 or Fe.sup.+2. The way LDL can be modified by endothelial cells can be mimicked in vitro by incubation of the lipoprotein in the presence of CuCl.sub.2. The compounds of this invention inhibit copper mediated oxidation of LDL in vitro and are thus useful in the prophylaxis and treatment of clinical conditions for which inhibition of the oxidative modification of lipids is indicated, for example, atherosclerosis. The compounds of this invention are represented by the formula 1 below ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.

Abstract: The compounds of this invention which have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkoxy, or trifluoromethyl;R.sup.3 is --OH or --NHCO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 ;X is --CH.sub.2 -- or --OCH.sub.2 --;n is 1 or 2;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,are useful in treating or inhibiting the long-term complications of diabetes such as diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy through the inhibition of the enzyme aldose reductase. Aldose reductase inhibitors have been shown to prevent the biochemical, functional and morphological changes induced by hyperglycemia.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds having antihyperglycemic properties of the formula: ##STR1## where A is ##STR2## wherein:n is 1 or 2;R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkoxy, trifluoromethoxy, halogen or trifluoromethyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or methyl; andX is oxygen or sulfur or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds compounds useful in treating diseases mediated by one or more leukotrienes or oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein such as inflammation, bronchoconstriction or atherosclerosis. The compounds of this invention have the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 trifluoroalkoxy; R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen or methyl independently;R.sup.5 is hydrogen, methyl or hydroxy;X and Z are independently oxygen or sulfur;andY is --CH.sub.2 --, --CH(CH.sub.3)--, or --CH.dbd.CHCH(CH.sub.3)--.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds which have oral antihyperglycemic activity of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, ##STR2## R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; X os O or S;n is 0, 1, or 2;A is ##STR3## Y is O or S;Z is N or CH when Y is O and Z is CH when Y is S;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds having 5-lipoxygenase inhibiting properties and inhibition of oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein which have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 trifluoroalkoxy;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.4 is hydrogen, methyl or hydroxy;R.sup.5 is hydrogen, --NH.sub.2, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or --N.dbd.C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 ;X and Y are independently O or S;and n is 0 or 1; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.Compounds which inhibit 5-lipoxygenase are useful in the treatment of diseases mediated by leukotrienes such as inflammation or bronchoconstriction. Compounds which inhibit oxidative metabolism of low density lipoprotein are useful in the inhibition of atherosclerotic plaque formation.

Abstract: This invention relates to benzyl and naphthalenylmethyl thiophenones and cyclopentenones, some of which are novel, which have oral antihyperglycemic activity in diabetic mice, a genetic animal model of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. These compounds are represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, thio-C.sub.1-6 alkyl, or trifluoromethyl or R.sup.2 together with R.sup.3 forms a benzo ring fused to the phenyl ring and optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from C.sub.1-6 alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, thio-C.sub.1-6 alkyl, or trifiuoromethyl;R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, thio-C.sub.1-6 alkyl, or trifluoromethyl;andR.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds which inhibit lipoxygenase in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and thus inhibits formation of leukotrienes which are implicated in inflammatory processes and bronchoconstriction and inhibits the oxidation of LDL which is implicated in formation of atherosclerotic plaque.The compounds useful in this invention are represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.2 is hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; Y of O or S; R.sup.5 is hydrogen or methyl R.sup.6 is --NH.sub.2, --CH.sub.3 or --OCH.sub.3 ;and R.sup.1 is ##STR2## wherein R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.10 are independently halogen, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, alkoxy, methanesulfonyl or trifiuoromethanesulfonyl; R.sup.9 is hydrogen or methyl; and Z is O or S,or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.Compounds of the above formula where R.sup.1 is not ##STR3## when R.sup.3 is H and R.sup.6 is --NH.sub.2 are novel.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel 2-[4-(5-substituted-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-ylmethoxy)benzyl]-1,2,5-oxadiazolidi ne-3,5-diones which have demonstrated antihyperglycemic activity in diabetic (ob/ob and db/db) mice, genetic animal models of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or Type II diabetes). These compounds are represented by Formula I below: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl, optionally substituted by one to three substituents independently selected from C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 trifluoroalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 trifluoroalkoxy; andR.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 trifluoroalkyl, and C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 trifluoroalkoxy,or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The compounds of this invention which have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkoxy, or trifluoromethyl;R.sup.3 is --OH or --NHCO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 ;X is --CH.sub.2 -- or --OCH.sub.2 --;n is 1 or 2;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,are useful in treating or inhibiting the long-term complications of diabetes such as diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy through the inhibition of the enzyme aldose reductase. Aldose reductase inhibitors have been shown to prevent the biochemical, functional and morphological changes induced by hyperglycemia.

Abstract: This invention relates to 1'-amino-2-[(benzothiazolyl)methyl]spiro[isoquinoline-4(1H),3'-pyrrolidine ]-1,2',3,5'(2H)-tetrones represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, halogen, lower alkoxy containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl or nitro;R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently hydrogen, alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl, aryl (lower alkyl) wherein aryl contains 6 to 10 carbon atoms and lower alkyl contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkanoyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, carboalkoxy, alkylsulfoxy, arylsulfoxy, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl wherein aryl contains 6 to 10 carbon atoms and alkoxy and alkyl contain 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are bonded represent a heterocyclic ring of 5 to 7 ring atoms and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof when R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are hydrogen, alkyl or aryl.

Abstract: This invention relates to isoquinoline-1,3-dione acetyl carbamates and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, to processes for their preparation, to methods for using the compounds, and to pharmaceutical preparations thereof. The compounds have pharmaceutical properties which render them beneficial for the treatment of diabetes mellitus complications and associated conditions.