Abstract: A multilayer plate is provided comprising an optically transparent substrate, a protective layer, a conducting layer, and at least one anisotropic thin crystal film. The anisotropic thin crystal film is made of a substance containing aromatic rings and possessing a structure with an interplanar spacing of 3.4±0.2 Å along one of optical axes. The thin crystal film is situated between the substrate and the conducting layer and is separated from the conducting layer by the protective layer. The transmission of the multilayer plate for UV radiation does not exceed 1% at any wavelength below 380 nm.

Abstract: A liquid crystal shutter is provided comprising at least two liquid crystal cells and at least three polarizers. Each of the liquid crystal cells contains a plurality of layers between two substrates and is disposed between two adjacent polarizers. The adjacent two liquid crystal cells have substantially equal absolute values and opposite directions of twist angles. The liquid crystal shutter of the invention substantially increases the viewing angle and the contrast ratio at large viewing angles, provides a symmetrical dependence of the contrast ratio on the viewing angle, and decreases the switching time as well as the driving voltages. The shutter provides substantially improved angular characteristics, high contrast ratio, good transparency in the light state, and a fast switching time.

Abstract: There is disclosed an optical anisotropic film which includes at least one anisotropic crystalline layer comprising a substance whose molecules contain aromatic rings and form a lattice and at least one transparent layer. The relative refractive index n satisfies the condition 2n2<no2+ne2 where no and ne, are the refractive indices of the crystalline layer for ordinary and extraordinary rays respectively.

Abstract: An electrooptical device is provided comprising at least one substrate, at least one pair of electrodes and at least one layer of an electrooptical material. The electrooptical material represents an optically anisotropic thin crystal film and contains molecules having aromatic rings and possessing a lattice with an interplanar spacing (Bragg's reflection) of 3.4±0.2 {acute over (Å)} along one of optical axes. The electrooptical material has anisotropic refractive indices and/or anisotropic absorption coefficients that are depended on an electric field strength.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided which comprises front and rear panels, and electrodes, polarizers and a layer of liquid crystal disposed between the front and rear panels. The polarizer on the rear panel is preferably a reflecting type in at least one region of the spectrum and contains at least one element in the form of a multilayer structure. The multilayer structure contains at least two anisotropic layers separated by at least one intermediate layer which is optically transparent in the desired spectral region. The ratio of refraction indices and thickness of the layers in the multilayer structure is chosen such to provide an extremum for the ratio of the transmitted and reflected polarized light in the spectral region.

Abstract: This invention pertains to technology of fabricating thin films featuring anisotropic properties such as: optical, magnetic, electric conductivity and others. In particular, this invention is related to devices for obtaining polarizing films from liquid-crystalline solutions of organic materials, for example organic dyes. The disclosed method and device permits the fabrication of anisotropic films from liquid-crystalline solution with high characteristics and high degree of perfection of the oriented structure with significant reproducibility of results. The device makes use of a mechanical element for receiving and guiding the liquid crystal solution onto a substrate and then providing an orienting action to the kinetic elements as they are delivered.

Abstract: Optical waveguides of the type which include a light-transmitting core and a cladding layer in said core. The optical waveguide can be planar or cylindrical such as an optical fiber. The optical waveguide is provided with an additional coating of highly biaxial or uniaxial crystalline material with different refraction indices in different directions.