Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment of the reaction mixtures resulting from an oxidation reaction of cyclohexane to adipic acid and more particlarly to the separation of the various constituents of the said mixtures and to the purification of the adipic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the oxidation, by means of oxygen or a gas containing it, of hydrocarbons to the corresponding carboxylic acids, alcohols and/or ketones or of alcohols and/or ketones to the corresponding carboxylic acids. It consists more precisely in a process for oxidizing hydrocarbon, alcohol and/or ketone, using oxygen or a gas containing it, in liquid phase and in the presence of a catalyst dissolved in the reaction medium, characterized in that the catalyst comprises a soluble manganese compound and at least one soluble chromium compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for processing the reaction mixture from the direct oxidation of hydrocarbon into carboxylic acid, using molecular oxygen or a gas containing it, in the liquid phase, in a solvent and in the presence of a catalyst dissolved in the reaction medium, characterized in that the said process comprises: when the composition of the reaction mixture allows it, a decantation into two liquid phases: a nonpolar upper phase and a polar lower phase; a distillation of the said lower phase or, where appropriate, of all of the reaction mixture, thus separating, on the one hand, a distillate and, on the other hand, the distillation residue comprising the acids formed, the catalyst, the heavy compounds, at least some of the solvent and, if any, the reaction intermediates and side products; a purification treatment by oxidation, using molecular oxygen or a gas containing it or using oxygen donors, of the distillation residue obtained above, a distillation of the reaction s

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the crystallization of carboxylic acid, more particularly adipic acid, and a process for manufacturing crystalline carboxylic acid, more specifically a process for treating the reaction medium resulting from the direct oxidation of a hydrocarbon into carboxylic acid such as adipic acid, for example. More specifically, the invention relates to the crystallization of adipic acid from an organic solvent, thus removing the organic impurities contained in the said acid and thus optionally facilitating its purification by a crystallization from water.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids, e.g., adipic acid, are more selectively prepared by oxidizing cyclohexane with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, in liquid phase, in a solvent reaction medium which comprises a polar protic or aprotic solvent, and also in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of catalyst values dissolved in said solvent reaction medium, the catalyst values comprising at least one solvent-soluble cobalt compound and at least one solvent-soluble chromium compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydroxylation of phenolic compounds and, more particularly, to a process for the hydroxylation of phenols and phenolic ethers with hydrogen peroxide. The invention relates to a process for the hydroxylation of phenolic compounds using hydrogen peroxide, said process being characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of an effective quantity of at least one rare earth or bismuth triflate.

Abstract: A process for recycling a catalyst containing cobalt including treating a reaction mixture obtained during the direct oxidation of cyclohexane to adipic acid by extracting at least some of the glutaric acid and succinic acid which are formed in the reaction.

Abstract: Phenolic compounds, e.g., phenol, are hydroxylated, preponderantly into the para-isomer, e.g., hydroquinone, by reaction with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an effective amount of a strong acid and a catalytically effective amount of a keto compound having the formula (II): ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be identical or different, are each a hydrogen atom or an electron-donating group; n.sub.1 and n.sub.2, which may be identical or different, are numbers equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that the two carbon atoms located at the .alpha.-position with respect to the two carbon atoms bearing the --CO group may be bonded together via a valence bond or via a --CH.sub.2 -- group, thereby forming a keto-containing ring member which may either be saturated or unsaturated.

Abstract: p-Dihydroxylated aromatic compounds are prepared via the oxidation of p-fuchsones, the latter advantageously being synthesized by reacting a phenolic compound having at least one hydrogen atom in the para-position to the hydroxyl function with a non-enolizable ketonic compound, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of an acid catalyst and, optionally, a cocatalytically effective amount of an ionizable sulfur-containing compound.

Abstract: p-Dihydroxylated aromatic compounds are prepared via the oxidation of p-fuchsones, the latter advantageously being synthesized by reacting a phenolic compound having at least one hydrogen atom in the para-position to the hydroxyl function with a non-enolizable ketonic compound, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of an acid catalyst and, optionally, a cocatalytically effective amount of an ionizable sulfur-containing compound.

Abstract: p-Dihydroxylated aromatic compounds are prepared via the oxidation of p-fuchsones, the latter advantageously being synthesized by reacting a phenolic compound having at least one hydrogen atom in the para-position to the hydroxyl function with a non-enolizable ketonic compound, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of an acid catalyst and, optionally, a cocatalytically effective amount of an ionizable sulfur-containing compound.

Abstract: Phenolic compounds, e.g., phenol, are hydroxylated, preponderantly into the para-isomer, e.g., hydroquinone, by reaction with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an effective amount of a strong acid and a catalytically effective amount of a keto compound having the formula (II): ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be identical or different, are each a hydrogen atom or an electron-donating group; n.sub.1 and n.sub.2, which may be identical or different, are numbers equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that the two carbon atoms located at the .alpha.-position with respect to the two carbon atoms bearing the --CO group may be bonded together via a valence bond or via a --CH.sub.2 -- group, thereby forming a keto-containing ring member which may either be saturated or unsaturated.

Abstract: Phenolic compounds, e.g., the phenols and phenol ethers, are selectively hydroxylated whereby the amounts of the final product para isomer are enhanced, for example in favor of hydroquinone versus pyrocatechol in the event of the hydroxylation of phenol, by reacting such phenolic compounds with hydrogen peroxide, advantageously in a polar, aprotic, organic solvent reaction medium, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a sulfonated polymer and a cocatalytically effective amount of an aromatic ketone compound.

Abstract: o-Dihydroxylated aromatic compounds, for example pyrocatechol, are selectively prepared by reacting an o-fuchsone with an oxidizing agent, for example hydrogen peroxide, optionally in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: Calcined silica/oxide zeolites, characteristically MFI stannozeosilites or zirconozeosilites, well adopted for catalyzing the H.sub.2 O.sub.2 hydroxylation of phenols or phenol ethers, have the formula (I):(Si.sub.96-x T'.sub.x)0.sub.192 (I)in which x is a number ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 and T' is tetravalent tin or tetravalent zirconium.

Abstract: Aromatic compounds bearing oxidizable alkyl substituents, e.g., alkoxylated and/or hydroxylated such substrates, notably the phenolics/cresols, are selectively oxidized, e.g., into hydroxybenzaldehydes, by reacting same with appropriate oxidizing agents, in an aqueous reaction medium, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a solid, palladium-containing oxidation catalyst (optionally containing a cocatalytically effective amount of tin, germanium, tellurium and/or copper).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for monohydroxylation of phenolic compounds which allows an increase in the amount of para isomer.The invention relates to a process for monohydroxylation of a phenolic compound having a hydrogen atom in the para position to the hydroxyl group, for the purpose of obtaining a dihydroxylated aromatic compound by reacting the initial phenolic compound with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an effective amount of a strong acid and of a ketonic compound, said process being characterized by the fact that the reaction is carried out in the presence of an effective amount of a polar aprotic organic solvent with a basicity such that it has a "donor number" below 25.

Abstract: The phenols and phenol ethers are hydroxylated by reaction with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a titanozeosilite, advantageously a silicon oxide/titanium oxide MFI zeolite having the general formula:SI.sub.(96-x), Ti.sub.x O.sub.192.

Abstract: The phenols/phenol ethers are hydroxylated by reaction with hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of (a) at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of a protonic acid having a pKa in water of less than -0.1 and (b) a free protonic acid.

Abstract: Dialkoxybutenes are selectively prepared in high yields by reacting 1,3-butadiene with an alcohol in the presence of oxygen and a catalytically effective amount of solid particulates which comprise a catalytically active phase deposited onto particles of a support therefor, such catalytically active phase comprising at least one Group VIII noble metal first component, at least one tellurium, selenium and/or sulfur second component, and, optionally, at least one bismuth, antimony, copper and/or tin third component.