Abstract: A liquid sensor for detecting, in a non-contact manner, whether an electrolyte solution is flowing through a pipeline. A pair of electrodes, on which an AC voltage is impressed, are mounted on the outer surface of a pipeline formed of a material having a high dielectric constant, such as a ceramic, and a discrimination between the presence and the absence of the electrolyte solution in the pipeline is made based on variations in capacitance between the electrodes. In the presence of the electrolyte solution flowing through the pipeline, the capacitance between the electrodes is high because of the conductivity of the electrolyte solution. In the absence of the electrolyte solution flowing through the pipeline, the capacitance is determined by air and is, therefore, low. Since the electrodes are maintained in a non-contact relation with the electrolyte solution, degradation of characteristics due to corrosion is obviated.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor unit includes an elongated nonmagnetic sensor case, magnets, magnetic sensors, and positioning portions. The sensor case has a plurality of sensor housing recesses formed in a row in its upper surface in its longitudinal direction, and magnet housing recesses formed in a row in its lower surface at positions respectively corresponding to the sensor housing recesses. At least the upper surface of the sensor case is covered with a nonmagnetic cover. The magnets are respectively housed in the magnet housing recesses of the sensor case. The magnetic sensors are respectively housed in the sensor housing recesses of the sensor case and have magnetoelectric transducers magnetically biased by the magnets. The positioning portions are respectively formed in the sensor housing recesses of the sensor case and respectively position the magnetic sensors in a longitudinal direction thereof and a direction perpendicular thereto.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor for arranging at least one detection unit having a magnetoelectric transducer element for converting magnetic data printed on a bank note, a bond or the like into electric signals and inserted into a unit receiving slot in alignment on a detection line by a screw member provided on a sensor case. A nonmagnetic head cover for covering the unit receiving slot of the magnetic sensor is fixed to the magnetic sensor by engaging claw portions provided on the head cover with claw portion receiving grooves on the side surfaces of the sensor case with resilience or inserting leg portions provided on the head cover into cover receiving grooves provided on sensor case with the unit receiving slot therebetween.

Abstract: A liquid level sensor for detecting a level of an electrolyte where: a pair of resistance films are formed on an insulating substrate: a plurality of electrodes are intermittently mounted on the resistance films in the longitudinal direction; the resistance films are soaked in the electrolyte in the vertical direction along the longitudinal direction; the liquid surface is detected from the variation of the resistance value of the resistance films caused by the short-circuiting of pairs of the electrodes in the electrolyte. The exposed surface of the resistance film is covered by a moisture-resistance film. The result is that undesirable change of resistance value of the resistance film caused by being moistened can be reliably prevented.

Abstract: An electrode for level detection includes a detection electrode including conductor portions and resistor portions arranged and formed one after the other in a level change direction. An insulating coating layer is formed on either each conductor portion or each resistor portion. The insulating coating layer may be of a film having a property to repel a liquid to be measured.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes magnetic sensor elements arrange on the upper surface of a bobbin and an input/output section provided on the lower surface of the bobbin wherein the magnetic sensor elements and the input/output section are connected through a wiring pattern formed on the bobbin by electroless plating.

Abstract: A device for measuring displacement comprises a pair of sensor elements of which output voltage changes stepwise in dependency upon displacement of a measurement object, a differentiating circuit for detecting time points at which the output voltage of the pair of sensor elements suddenly changes, and a counter for counting the sudden change time points of the output voltage detected by the differentiating curcuit.

Abstract: In a frost and dew sensor composed of two thermosensitive resistors, a power source and an arithmetic circuit, frost or dew is detected from the change of a differential temperature between the two thermosensitive resistors as two different currents from the power source are supplied to the respective thermosensitive resistors. In an alternative form, the sensor has a single thermosensitive resistor, which is energized as two different currents are alternately supplied from the power source so that frost or dew is detected by comparison of the time-lags between the two outputs from the thermosensitive resistor.

Abstract: An LC composite component having an integral sintered body formed by cofiring green compacts of an inductor material and a capacitor material in an adhered state.The inductor material and capacitor are both capable of being sintered at a low temperature, so that they may be cofired with substantially no counterdiffusion taking place between them upon cofiring.

Abstract: In a frost and dew sensor composed of two thermosensitive resistors, a power source and an arithmetic circuit, frost or dew is detected from the change of a differential temperature between the two thermosensitive resistors as two different currents from the power source are supplied to the respective thermosensitive resistors. In an alternative form, the sensor has a single thermosensitive resistor, which is energized as two different currents are alternately supplied from the power source so that frost or dew is detected by comparison of the time-lags between the two outputs from the thermosensitive resistor.

Abstract: A pyroelectric sensor senses the infrared rays radiated from the human body and outputs the detected infrared rays as an electric signal. It detects the trespass of somebody on a room and is used for the prevention of crimes and the like. The pyroelectric sensor includes a substrate, an element-pair disposed on the surface of the substrate and an amplification circuit for amplifying the current signals output from the element-pair. The substrate is composed of a material having a thermal conductivity as low as not more than 0.04 cal/cm sec.degree. C. so as to prevent the heat from being released through the substrate. A hole is formed in the substrate. The amplification circuit amplifies the current signals of the element-pair, thereby dispensing with the impedance transformation which is inevitable in the prior art. Thus, the sensitivity of detection is improved and the manufacture of the sensor is facilitated.

Abstract: A temperature difference detecting element utilizing thermoelectromotive force which is generated by a Seebeck effect when temperature gradients are applied to a semiconductive ceramic material. A substrate has a plurality of thermoelements. Each thermoelement comprises a semiconductive ceramic material and a pair of hot-side and cold-side electrodes which are provided on the semiconductive ceramic material with a prescribed spacing, to form a hot junction and a cold junction respectively. A plurality of such hot-side electrodes are arranged on a first region of the substrate to be adjacent to each other, while a plurality of such cold-side electrodes are arranged on a second region of the substrate to be adjacent to each other. The plurality of thermoelements are sequentially connected in series with each other by electrically connecting, for example, the hot-side electrodes of the thermoelements with the cold-side electrodes of those adjacent thereto.

Abstract: A method for producing negative temperature coefficient thermistor units, comprising the steps of forming a pair of green sheets of insulating ceramic material, stacking the green sheets interposing therebetween in predetermined areas a layer of paste for thermistor elements; providing for each thermistor unit a coating of paste to be formed into internal electrodes; cutting the stacked sheets into individual thermistor units; co-firing the thermistor units whereby the thermistor element is enclosed in an envelope of sintered ceramic material or sandwiched between two layers of sintered ceramic material. A pair of external electrodes is then provided on each thermistor unit.

Abstract: A temperature detector comprises a pyroelectric device (10) having electrodes (11, 12) on both main surfaces, with an insulating film (13) formed on one of the main surfaces. An impedance converting circuit formed of a field effect transistor (20) and resistance elements (18, 19) is electrically and physically connected between an electrode (11) exposed through a hole (14) formed in the insulating film and electrodes (15, 16, 17) formed on the insulating film. The detector is entirely covered by molded resin (24). Consequently, problems of disconnection and short circuit of leads between the pyroelectric device and the impedance converting circuit can be eliminated.

Abstract: A temperature sensor includes a capacitor having electrodes between which a dielectric body having its dielectric constant variable depending on the variations of ambient temperature is interposed, and a CR oscillating circuit utilizing the capacitor. The dielectric body is made of a ceramic dielectric material which has a working temperature range in the normal dielectric phase with the dielectric constant thereof having a temperature coefficient ranged between -1,000 ppm/.degree.C. and -10,000 ppm/.degree.C. The ceramic dielectric body is also used as a substrate on which the CR oscillating circuit is formed.

Abstract: A charge completion detector comprises a thermoelectric detecting element outputting a thermally generated electromotive force in correspondence with the rise of temperature incidental to the completion of charging a secondary cell, and detecting means electrically connected to the thermoelectric detecting element for detecting the thermally generated electromotive force generated in the thermoelectric detecting element. The thermoelectric detecting element comprises a base material of semiconductive ceramics and a plurality of pairs of electrodes formed spaced apart from each other by a prescribed distance on the base material for forming hot junctions and cold junctions. A heat radiating member is thermally coupled to the cold junctions of the base material. The temperature of the hot junction side thermally coupled to the secondary cell will be approximately the same as that of the secondary cell while the temperature of the cold junction side is kept at an environmental temperature.

Abstract: An electric double-layer capacitor has at least one or two elements. Each element includes a charge storage part, a pair of collectors arranged to hold the charge storage part, and a gasket enclosing the charge storage part and being arranged between the collectors to be thermally adhered to the collectors. Each collector is formed from a conductive polyethylene sheet which is provided with conductivity by a carbon material and has a multi-layer structure including polyethylene materials of different density levels.

Abstract: A negative temperature coefficient thermistor and a method of producing the same are disclosed. A thermistor element is placed between a pair of sheets of insulating ceramic and co-fired to be sintered into an independent thermistor unit. A pair of internal electrodes are provided on both sides of the thermistor unit and electrically connected to corresponding external electrodes.

Abstract: An electric double-layer capacitor comprises a gasket encircling a pair of polarizable electrodes provided on opposite sides of a separator, and a pair of collectors provided on outer sides of the polarizable electrodes and sealed to the gasket. The gasket is formed of a base of vulcanized rubber and resin layers obtained by fusion-welding polyolefin resin on both surfaces of the base, and the collectors are heat-sealed to the gasket.

Abstract: A method for production of channel plate from sheet material having secondary emission yield after firing. According to the method, a plurality of parallel ribs are formed on the sheet. Then at least two layers of sheet are arranged one over the other by stacking in such manner that each rib element extends in the same direction, or the sheet is rolled into a spiral form which can be cut into channel plates. The stacked or rolled sheet material is then fired so as to adhere the surfaces of the ribs to the surfaces of the adjacent sheet to form the channel plate. In the particular embodiment disclosed herein, the sheet is rolled in the longitudinal direction of the ribs and the spiral body is cut into sector like pieces. After firing, electrodes are formed onto opposed end surfaces including end surfaces of each rib.