Abstract: Provided are a fluorine-free soil resistant agent and a soil resistant treatment method which give excellent water-repellency and excellent antifouling property to a substrate, especially a carpet. The soil resistant agent contains (1) a fluorine-free copolymer having (a) a repeating unit formed from an acrylic monomer having a hydrocarbon group containing 7 to 40 carbon atoms, and (b) a repeating unit formed from an acrylic monomer having a hydrophilic group, and (2) water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent dispersing the fluorine-free copolymer (1). A method of treating the substrate, includes applying the soil resistant agent to the substrate.

Abstract: A risk of breakage of a sample holder can be reduced and a biochemical sample or a liquid sample can be observed easily and with a high observation throughput. A sample holder 101 holding a sample includes: a sample chamber including a first insulating thin film 110 and a second insulating thin film 111 that sandwich and hold the sample 200 in a liquid or gel form and face each other, a vacuum partition wall inside which the sample chamber holding the sample is fixed in a state in which the thin film is exposed to a surrounding atmosphere, and whose internal space is kept at a degree of vacuum at least lower than that of the sample room at the time of observation of the sample, a detection electrode 820 disposed to face the second insulating thin film in a state in which the sample chamber is fixed to the vacuum partition wall, and a signal detection unit 50 connected to the detection electrode.

Abstract: A sample holder reliably holds a liquid or gel sample, and the yield of observation with a charged particle beam device is improved.

Abstract: Surface acoustic wave devices and related methods. In some embodiments, a surface acoustic wave device for providing resonance of a surface acoustic wave having a wavelength ? can include a quartz substrate and a piezoelectric plate formed from LiTaO3 or LiNbO3 disposed over the quartz substrate. The piezoelectric plate can have a thickness greater than 2?. The surface acoustic wave device can further include an interdigital transducer electrode formed over the piezoelectric plate. The interdigital transducer electrode can have a mass density ? in a range 1.50 g/cm3<??6.00 g/cm3, 6.00 g/cm3<??12.0 g/cm3, or 12.0 g/cm3<??23.0 g/cm3, and a thickness greater than 0.148?, greater than 0.079?, or greater than 0.036?, respectively.

Abstract: Provided are: a flame retardant agent composition which has excellent flame retardancy as well as an excellent balance of dust suppression and powder flowability; a flame-retardant resin composition containing the same; and a molded article thereof. The flame retardant agent composition contains at least one phosphate compound represented by Formula (1) or (2). When the loose bulk density of the flame retardant agent composition is defined as d (g/cm3), and the 10% cumulative particle size and the 50% cumulative particle size of the flame retardant agent composition in a volume-based particle size distribution are defined as D10 (?m) and D50 (?m), respectively, d, D10 (?m), and D50 (?m) satisfy 0.030?d/(D50?D10)?0.110.

Abstract: In a flame retardant composition containing (poly)phosphoric acid amine salts, the amine excess ratio (mol %) represented by formula (I) is 0.01-10 mol %. In the formula, n represents the number of types of amines in the (poly)phosphoric acid amine salt, and A1-An represent the maximum number of dissociation steps of each amine. Here, the maximum number of dissociation steps is the maximum number of dissociation steps with a base dissociation constant pKb at 25° C. in the 0-13 range. B1-Bn represent the number of mol of the amine when an amine is assumed to be present alone in the (poly)phosphoric acid amine salt.

Abstract: This invention provides a flame retardant agent composition capable of imparting excellent flame retardancy to a synthetic resin, a flame-retardant resin composition having excellent flame retardancy as well as water resistance and impact resistance, and a molded body thereof.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition according to the present invention is a phosphate-based flame retardant including a (poly)phosphate, in which F and N satisfy 8.0×10?4?F/N?20.0 and F?21.0, assuming that F (ppm) is a content of elemental iron and N (ppm) is a content of elemental sodium in the flame retardant composition as measured in accordance with the following procedure.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition according to the present invention is a phosphate-based flame retardant including a (poly)phosphate, in which F and N satisfy 8.0×10?4?F/N?20.0 and F?21.0, assuming that F (ppm) is a content of elemental iron and N (ppm) is a content of elemental sodium in the flame retardant composition as measured in accordance with the following procedure.

Abstract: Provided are: a polyphosphate amine salt composition which does not foam during processing, has excellent workability and excellent weather resistance, and can impart excellent flame retardancy to synthetic resins; a polyphosphate amine salt flame retardant composition; a flame-retardant synthetic resin composition containing the same; and a molded article thereof. The polyphosphate amine salt composition contains an orthophosphate amine salt and a polyphosphate amine salt, and the orthophosphate amine salt is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 6.0% by mass. An amine in the polyphosphate amine salt composition is preferably melamine or piperazine.

Abstract: Provided are: a phosphate amine salt composition which can be used as a flame retardant that is capable of imparting excellent flame retardancy and weather resistance to synthetic resins without a risk of corroding a processing machine; a phosphate amine salt flame retardant composition; a flame-retardant synthetic resin composition containing the same; and a molded article thereof. The phosphate amine salt composition contains at least one phosphate amine salt, and the ammonium cation content therein is 100 to 2,000 ppm by mass. An amine in the phosphate amine salt composition is preferably melamine or piperazine.

Abstract: In a flame retardant composition containing (poly)phosphoric acid amine salts, the amine excess ratio (mol %) represented by formula (I) is 0.01-10 mol %. In the formula, n represents the number of types of amines in the (poly)phosphoric acid amine salt, and A1-An represent the maximum number of dissociation steps of each amine. Here, the maximum number of dissociation steps is the maximum number of dissociation steps with a base dissociation constant pKb at 25° C. in the 0-13 range. B1-Bn represent the number of mol of the amine when an amine is assumed to be present alone in the (poly)phosphoric acid amine salt.

Abstract: A process for producing a pyrophosphate, particularly melamine pyrophosphate useful as a flame retardant, efficiently in high yield is provided. The process includes firing an orthophosphate, preferably melamine orthophosphate, in the presence of a silicone oil, preferably methylphenyl silicone oil preferably at 120° to 350° C. Examples of useful firing equipment include a hot air dryer, a kneader, a Henschel mixture, a fluidized bed dryer, a rotary kiln, a paddle dryer, an extruder, a vibrating dryer, a far-infrared conveyor furnace, and a microwave firing furnace.

Abstract: An operation line is set on the basis of a shift position and a brake pedal position, from among a plurality of operation lines in which a degree of avoidance of an abnormal noise generation region from a fuel-economy optimal operation line becomes smaller as a degree to which travel of the vehicle is restricted becomes greater. An engine and a motor are controlled by setting a target operation point of the engine using the set operation line, and by setting a torque instruction of the motor.

Abstract: Provided is a sealing film for a solar battery which has excellent light resistance and heat resistance by preventing yellowing due to the influence of light or heat. The sealing film for a solar battery, in which 0.05-10 parts by weight of a hindered amine compound having a substructure represented by the following general formula (I): (wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 each independently represent C1-C4 lower alkyl; and R represents hydrogen, C1-C18 straight- or branched-chain alkyl which may be substituted by hydroxy, or C5-C8 cycloalkyl) based on 100 parts by weight of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is blended.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flame retardant composition that has excellent heat resistance and in which the risk of corroding processing machines at the time of compounding resin is reduced. The flame retardant composition includes 20 to 50 parts by mass of component (A) described below, 50 to 80 parts by mass of component (B) described below (the total of the component (A) and the component (B) is 100 parts by mass), and 0.01 to 5 parts by mass of component (C) described below: component (A): at least one type of melamine salt selected from melamine orthophosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, melamine polyphosphate, or a mixture including two or more types of the melamine salts; component (B): at least one type of piperazine salt selected from piperazine orthophosphate, piperazine pyrophosphate, piperazine polyphosphate, or a mixture including two or more types of the piperazine salts; and component (C): a hydrotalcite compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flame-retardant resin composition having excellent flame retardancy, in which generation of a corrosive gas during combustion is suppressed. The flame-retardant resin composition of the present invention, comprising the below-described component (A) or both of components (A) and (B) as a flame retardant component(s) in a halogen-free thermoplastic resin, wherein the ratio of the components (A) and (B) is 100:0 to 60:40 in terms of mass ratio; the electric conductivity of a gas generated during combustion, which is measured in accordance with IEC 60754-2, is not higher than 10.0 ?S/mm; and the flame retardancy rating measured in accordance with the UL94VTM standard is VTM-2 or higher.

Abstract: A process for producing a pyrophosphate, particularly melamine pyrophosphate useful as a flame retardant, efficiently in high yield is provided. The process includes firing an orthophosphate, preferably melamine orthophosphate, in the presence of a silicone oil, preferably methylphenyl silicone oil preferably at 120° to 350° C. Examples of useful firing equipment include a hot air dryer, a kneader, a Henschel mixture, a fluidized bed dryer, a rotary kiln, a paddle dryer, an extruder, a vibrating dryer, a far-infrared conveyor furnace, and a microwave firing furnace.

Abstract: A first receiver receives an activation signal from a first network and gives the activation signal to an input side of a second transmitter via a first connection line; thereby, the activation signal is sent out via the second transmitter to a second network. Thus, the activation signal is not directly transmitted from the first network to the second network; instead, the activation signal is transmitted by using conversion functions of the first receiver and the second transmitter. This configuration can prevent occurrence of distortion or attenuation in the activation signal. The activation signal from the first network thus enables ECUs belonging to the second network to be activated certainly without delay.

Abstract: A press-die is provided with a lower die and an upper die. The lower die includes a drawing punch, a blank holder, and a cushion part. The upper die includes a drawing die part, and a trimming part. The blank holder includes a first holder part disposed to face to an end portion of the drawing die part, and a second holder part disposed to face to the trimming part. The second holder part has a drawing support portion that supports a first portion of a bottom surface of the first holder part. The drawing punch has a trimming support portion that supports a second portion of the bottom surface of the first holder part. The first holder part has a lower trimming blade at an outer edge thereof. The trimming part has an upper trimming blade at an inner edge thereof.