Abstract: An RF energy radiation device of this disclosure comprises: an oscillator; a power amplifier; a radiation element; a detector; and a controller. The oscillator generates an RF signal. The power amplifier amplifies the RF signal to output RF power. The radiation element radiates the RF power. The detector detects progressive wave power. The controller performs an RF power output control using a closed-loop control for setting an output set value of the RF power by a closed-loop and an open-loop control for setting the output set value of the RF power by an open-loop. In a burst operation alternately switching between a period of outputting the RF power and a period of stopping the RF power, the controller changes the RF power output control from the closed-loop control to the open-loop control when a specified condition for change is satisfied during the period of stopping the RF power.

Abstract: This invention relates to an anode active material comprising at least one iron oxide selected from the group consisting of amorphous iron oxides, ferrihydrite, and lepidocrocite. The invention also relates to a lithium ion secondary battery anode material comprising the anode active material as a constituent component, a lithium ion secondary battery anode comprising the lithium ion secondary battery anode material, and a lithium ion secondary battery comprising the lithium ion secondary battery anode.

Abstract: [Problem] Many oxide-ion conductors exhibit high functionality at high temperatures due to the large weight and charge of oxide ions, and it has been difficult to achieve the functionality at low temperatures. [Solution] A perovskite oxide having hydride ion conductivity, at least 1 at % of the oxide ions (O2?) contained in a titanium-containing perovskite oxide being substituted with hydride ions (H?). This oxide, in which negatively charged hydride ions (H?) are used for the ionic conduction, has both hydride ion conductivity and electron conductivity. As a starting material, the titanium-containing perovskite oxide is kept together with a powder of an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal hydride selected from LiH, CaH2, SrH2, and BaH2 in a temperature range of 300° C. or higher and lower than the melting point of the hydride in a vacuum or an inert gas atmosphere to substitute some of the oxide ions in the oxide with the hydride ions, resulting in the introduction of the hydride ions into oxygen sites.

Abstract: This invention relates to an anode active material comprising at least one iron oxide selected from the group consisting of amorphous iron oxides, ferrihydrite, and lepidocrocite. The invention also relates to a lithium ion secondary battery anode material comprising the anode active material as a constituent component, a lithium ion secondary battery anode comprising the lithium ion secondary battery anode material, and a lithium ion secondary battery comprising the lithium ion secondary battery anode.

Abstract: The present invention provides ferromagnetic iron nitride particles, in particular, in the form of fine particles, and a process for producing the ferromagnetic iron nitride particles. The present invention relates to a process for producing ferromagnetic iron nitride particles, comprising the steps of mixing metallic iron obtained by mixing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a metal hydride, a metal halide and a metal borohydride with an iron compound, and then subjecting the obtained mixture to heat treatment, with a nitrogen-containing compound; and then subjecting the resulting mixture to heat treatment, in which a reduction step and a nitridation step of the iron compound are conducted in the same step, and the at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a metal hydride, a metal halide and a metal borohydride is used as a reducing agent in the reduction step, whereas the nitrogen-containing compound is used as a nitrogen source in the nitridation step.

Abstract: [Problem] Many oxide-ion conductors exhibit high functionality at high temperatures due to the large weight and charge of oxide ions, and it has been difficult to achieve the functionality at low temperatures. [Solution] A perovskite oxide having hydride ion conductivity, at least 1 at % of the oxide ions (O2?) contained in a titanium-containing perovskite oxide being substituted with hydride ions (H?). This oxide, in which negatively charged hydride ions (H?) are used for the ionic conduction, has both hydride ion conductivity and electron conductivity. As a starting material, the titanium-containing perovskite oxide is kept together with a powder of an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal hydride selected from LiH, CaH2, SrH2, and BaH2 in a temperature range of 300° C. or higher and lower than the melting point of the hydride in a vacuum or an inert gas atmosphere to substitute some of the oxide ions in the oxide with the hydride ions, resulting in the introduction of the hydride ions into oxygen sites.

Abstract: There is provided a voltage controlled oscillator that is compact and can be manufactured at low cost. The voltage controlled oscillator is structured to include: a resonance part including a variable capacitance element and an inductance element, the variable capacitance element having a capacitance that varies according to a control voltage for frequency control input from an external part, and a series resonant frequency of the resonance part being adjusted according to the capacitance; an amplifying part amplifying a frequency signal from the resonance part; and a feedback part including a capacitance element for feedback and feeding the frequency signal amplified by the amplifying part back to the resonance part to form an oscillation loop together with the amplifying part and the resonance part, wherein the amplifying part is provided in an integrated circuit chip, and the resonance part and the capacitance element for feedback are formed as circuit components separate from the integrated circuit chip.

Abstract: To provide a voltage controlled oscillator having small size and capable of obtaining a low phase noise characteristic over a large span of adjustable range of frequency. A quartz crystal having a characteristic (dielectric loss tangent: tan ?) better than that of fluorocarbon resin, LTCC or the like conventionally used as a substrate of a resonance part, and on which a fine pattern of metal film can be formed through a photolithography method, is used as a quartz-crystal substrate, and a conductive line is formed on the quartz-crystal substrate to form an inductance element in the resonance part. Accordingly, since the resonance part having a high Q value can be formed, it is possible to obtain a voltage controlled oscillator having small size and low loss over a wide frequency range.

Abstract: A low-noise voltage controlled oscillator is provided, to improve a phase noise characteristic and widen a frequency variable range. The low-noise voltage controlled oscillator is configured so that an oscillation element and a capacitor 2 are connected in series between a collector C and an emitter E of a transistor 1, capacitors 3 and 4 are connected in series between the collector C and the emitter E, an electrical potential between the capacitors 3 and 4 is applied to a base B of the transistor 1; a one-port circuit 6 is provided between the collector C and the capacitor 4; and a capacitor for correction 5 is connected in parallel with the capacitors 3 and 4. The one-port circuit 6 includes a tuned circuit provided with a variable capacitor adjusting a capacity thereof smaller and an inductor adjusting a value of inductance larger so as to set a value of impedance relatively large.

Abstract: To provide a voltage controlled oscillator having small size and capable of obtaining a low phase noise characteristic over a large span of adjustable range of frequency. A quartz crystal having a characteristic (dielectric loss tangent: tan ?) better than that of fluorocarbon resin, LTCC or the like conventionally used as a substrate of a resonance part 1, and on which a fine pattern of metal film can be formed through a photolithography method, is used as a quartz-crystal substrate 10, and a conductive line is formed on the quartz-crystal substrate 10 to form an inductance element 11 in the resonance part 1. Accordingly, since the resonance part 1 having a high Q value can be formed, it is possible to obtain a voltage controlled oscillator having small size and low loss over a wide frequency band.

Abstract: There is provided a voltage controlled oscillator that is compact and can be manufactured at low cost. The voltage controlled oscillator is structured to include: a resonance part including a variable capacitance element and an inductance element, the variable capacitance element having a capacitance that varies according to a control voltage for frequency control input from an external part, and a series resonant frequency of the resonance part being adjusted according to the capacitance; an amplifying part amplifying a frequency signal from the resonance part; and a feedback part including a capacitance element for feedback and feeding the frequency signal amplified by the amplifying part back to the resonance part to form an oscillation loop together with the amplifying part and the resonance part, wherein the amplifying part is provided in an integrated circuit chip, and the resonance part and the capacitance element for feedback are formed as circuit components separate from the integrated circuit chip.

Abstract: A method of producing core/shell composite nano-particles exhibiting superior characteristics, by using as cores nano-particles heat treated in advance so as to give them a specific crystal structure in a state using a barrier layer to prevent sintering and forming shells on their surface, which eliminates hindrances to the shell forming reaction due to the phase transfer catalyst or other strongly sticky dispersant, is provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding digital quadrature phase shift keying data includes converting and intermediate frequency signal from an analog signal to a digital signal and digitally processing the digital signal to detect and decode the digital quadrature phase shift keying and extract encoded data.

Abstract: A low-noise voltage controlled oscillator is provided, to improve a phase noise characteristic and widen a frequency variable range. The low-noise voltage controlled oscillator is configured so that an oscillation element and a capacitor 2 are connected in series between a collector C and an emitter E of a transistor 1, capacitors 3 and 4 are connected in series between the collector C and the emitter E, an electrical potential between the capacitors 3 and 4 is applied to a base B of the transistor 1; a one-port circuit 6 is provided between the collector C and the capacitor 4; and a capacitor for correction 5 is connected in parallel with the capacitors 3 and 4. The one-port circuit 6 includes a tuned circuit provided with a variable capacitor adjusting a capacity thereof smaller and an inductor adjusting a value of inductance larger so as to set a value of impedance relatively large.

Abstract: A FePt alloy nanoparticle, which is expected to be a promising material used for an ultra-high-density magnetic recording medium of the next generation, is ordered by heat treatment to have high magnetic anisotropy, but there has been a problem that the particles are coalesced with each other and agglomerate during the heat treatment. According to the present invention, each particle of the alloy nanoparticles is covered with a coating such as SiO2, and thereafter a heat treatment for ordering is carried out. In this method, the alloy nanoparticles do not coalesce with each other even if the heat treatment is performed at such a high temperature as to allow all the particles to be fully ordered. After the heat treatment, only the coating is removed using an acid or alkali solution so that it is possible to obtain ordered alloy phase nanoparticles which are ordered and dispersible in various solutions.

Abstract: An oxide superconductor consisting of an oxide which comprises, as constituent metal elements, bismuth, lead, strontium, calcium and copper having a molar ratio of lead to bismuth of at least 0.2:1, and having an internal structure in which domains having a relatively high concentration of lead and no long-period structure are contained in domains having a relatively low concentration of lead and a long-period structure. This oxide superconductor has a storing pinning function and a high critical current density Jc even at a high temperature and a high magnetic field, can be produced by industrial methods, and is easily processed to form wires.

Abstract: An oxide superconductor consisting of an oxide which comprises, as constituent metal elements, bismuth, lead, strontium, calcium and copper having a molar ratio of lead to bismuth of at least 0.2:1, and having an internal structure in which domains having a relatively high concentration of lead and no long-period structure are contained in domains having a relatively low concentration of lead and a long-period structure. This oxide superconductor has a storing pinning function and a high critical current density Jc even at a high temperature and a high magnetic field, can be produced by industrial methods, and is easily processed to form wires.

Abstract: The present invention related to a lithium battery comprising a pair of electrodes disposed by means of a separator in the presence of a lithium ion conductive electrolyte, wherein at least one of said electrodes comprises a lithium iron oxide having a corrugated layer crystal structure and represented by the formula (1): Lix(Fe(1−y)My)O2  (1) wherein M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, manganese and aluminum, x is more than 0 and less than 2, and y is 0.005 to 0.1, Which has improved battery characteristics, an excellent cycle life and a higher electric current operated.

Abstract: There are disclosed lithium-iron oxide particles having an excellent properties such as electrochemical reversibility and suitable as a material for cathode active material for lithium ion batteries, which have a corrugated layer crystal structure and are represented by the general formula (1):Li.sub.x (Fe.sub.(1-y) M.sub.y)O.sub.2 (1)wherein x is more than 0 and not more than 1; y is 0.005 to 0.1; and M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Mn and Al.

Abstract: A lithium iron oxide which can be used as an electrode active material for a lithium battery is disclosed. A lithium iron oxide represented by Li.sub.x FeO.sub.2, where 0<x<2, having a tunnel structure similar to .beta.-FeO(OH) can be synthesized by heating a suspension prepared by suspending .beta.-FeO(OH) and a lithium compound in an alcohol at a temperature of not lower than 50.degree. C., more preferably at a temperature of lower than the boiling point of the alcohol used for the suspension.