Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program in which an apparatus exchanges wirelessly information with a public land mobile network. The apparatus detects a wireless device to device discovery initiation instruction from the public land mobile network and responsively: sends one or more wireless discovery signal transmissions for a peer device or to monitor wireless discovery signal transmissions sent by a peer device; and directly communicates wirelessly with a peer device that indicates having received the wireless discovery signal transmission or from which the apparatus has detected a wireless discovery signal transmission in result of the monitoring of wireless discovery signal transmissions.

Abstract: Various communication systems may benefit from reliable random access. For example, fifth generation (5G) wireless communication systems may benefit from a coordinated reliable random access technique based on common random access channel resources for a quality of service aware multi-connectivity link. A method can include preparing a random access message at a user equipment. The method can also include transmitting the random access message from the user equipment on a shared resource. The shared resource can include a resource, such as a random access channel, known by a plurality of access nodes or shared by a plurality of access nodes.

Abstract: Radio communications is performed within a mobile telecommunication network. Billing related information is obtained by radio-physical detection. Within a trusted execution environment, a challenge known by the mobile telecommunication network is obtained; billing related information is received; billing related information is attested; and the attested billing related information is caused to be sent to the mobile telecommunication network.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide methods and apparatuses of providing content data and accessing content data. The method for providing content data comprises: receiving a first request for content data, the first request being originated from a first user equipment and comprising an indication of the requested content data and an indication from where the requested content data is accessible; identifying a local equipment that is in proximity to the first user equipment and has pre-stored the requested content data; and returning a first response directed to the first user equipment, by which the first user equipment is informed to access the requested content data from the local equipment via a first device-to-device communication with the local equipment. With the proposed solutions, network loads can be reduced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus can be configured to receive a first data from a first transmitter. The first data comprises data to be forwarded by the apparatus. The method may also include triggering a polling of a group of transmitting nodes. The triggering may be based on the received first data. The group of transmitting nodes may comprise nodes from which data is to be aggregated. The method may also include waiting for a period of time to receive a second data from a second transmitter of the group of transmitting nodes. The second data may comprise data to be forwarded by the apparatus. The first transmitter and the second transmitter may share communication resources to communicate with the apparatus. The method may also include aggregating the first data and the second data. The method may also include forwarding the aggregated data.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising a transceiver configured to support operation of the apparatus in accordance with a first radio access technology, RAT, and a second radio access technology, RAT, the transceiver being configured to receive an indication conveyed over the second radio access technology, the indication indicating that data is incoming to the apparatus and that the data is to be conveyed over the first radio access technology, and at least one processing core configured to, responsive to the indication, cause the apparatus to receive the data by operating in accordance with the first radio access technology.

Abstract: In some example embodiments, there is provided a method. The method may include determining whether a communication terminal is within range of a wireless gateway to enable connection establishment between the wireless gateway and the communication terminal; and establishing at least one connection between the wireless gateway and the communication terminal, when the communication terminal is determined to be within range. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also described.

Abstract: A method including determining first information of a base station in regard to an area of shared coverage with a neighboring base station; and transmitting the determined first information from the base station. A method including receiving first information by a base station with regard to an area of shared coverage with a neighboring base station; determining, based at least partially upon the received first information.

Abstract: The specification and drawings present a new apparatus and method for access control for wireless memory. A memory controller communicating with a plurality of interfaces (at least one interface comprising a radio component for wirelessly communicating with a plurality of UE) can dynamically manage an access control to the memory by the UE and/or other users through any of the interfaces based on the preconfigured rules taking into consideration the identity of the least one interface and/or the determined directionality of the UE relative to the radio component.

Abstract: The exemplary embodiments include at least a method and apparatus sending by a second network operator a request to use sub-frames muted by macro cells of a first network operator for use by at least one small cell of the second network operator; receiving information for the use of the muted sub-frames; synchronizing a use of the muted sub-frames; and sending an indication of the synchronized use. In addition, a method and apparatus receiving by a first network operator a request to use sub-frames muted by macro cells of the first network operator for use by at least one small cell of a second network operator; sending information for the use of the muted sub-frames; and receiving an indication of the synchronized use of the muted sub-frames.

Abstract: A sender and a receiver includes first and second arrays of coupled oscillators, respectively, that are substantially identically constructed so as to exhibit substantially the same dynamical response to excitation. A chaotic waveform generated at the sender is transmitted to the receiver, which generates a second chaotic waveform, and compares the received waveform with the generated second waveform. If the first and second waveforms match the sender is an authorized sender. An integrated circuit includes an array of coupled oscillators that in combination generate a waveform in response to at least one excitation signal. The array of coupled oscillators represents, in response to application of the excitation signals, a multi-dimensional security key that is shared between the sender of the waveform and the receiver of the waveform.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus, comprising communication circuitry configured to receive a message, and execution circuitry configured to, in response to the message comprising an instruction to intercept a direct device-to-device (D2D) communication, render the apparatus capable of storing at least in part the direct device-to-device communication in at least one of the apparatus and a memory. The intercepting may comprise lawful interception.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for distributed small cell scanning. In some example embodiments, the method may include receiving, at a first user equipment, an indication to perform a distributed scan for one or more carrier frequencies with at least a second user equipment proximate to the first user equipment; performing, by the first user equipment in response to the received indication, the distributed scan by measuring a first carrier frequency during a first time period; and sending a measurement report of the first carrier frequency, when detected by the first user equipment. Related apparatus, systems, methods, and articles are also described.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for handover of device-to-device (D2D) communications have been disclosed. A method may comprise: receiving, from a first device of a D2D cluster, a first measurement report which indicates a handover of the first device is needed; and determining, according to a D2D handover condition, whether to initiate or postpone the handover based on the first measurement report. In some embodiments, the first measurement report is sent by the first device in response to meeting the D2D handover condition.

Abstract: A method comprising determining a view from a location, the view comprising visual information that is perceivable along a direction extending from the location, causing display of a visual representation of the view on a display such that the view is viewable by a user at a focal depth, determining a different view from the location, the different view comprising visual information that is perceivable along a different direction extending from the location, and causing display of a visual representation of the different view on the display such that the different view is viewable by the user at a different focal depth is disclosed.

Abstract: Various communication systems may benefit from power efficiency. For example, certain communication systems associated with the long term evolution (LTE) of the third generation partnership project (3GPP) may benefit from methods and devices for providing power efficient support of small packet transmission. A method can include determining whether a position of a device is static. The method can also include, when the position of the device is determined to be static, allocating at least one semi-persistent resource for a time when the device is in an idle state.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to permit audio signals to provide additional information to a user regarding the distance to the source of the audio signals, thereby increasing a user's situational awareness. In the context of a method, a distance and a direction from a user to an object are determined. The method also scales the distance to the object to create a modified distance within a predefined sound field region about the user. The method also causes an audio cue relating to the object to be audibly provided to the user. The audio cue is such that the object appears to be located within the predefined sound field region in the direction and at the modified distance from the user from the user.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising at least one processing core configured to determine a handover failure at the apparatus, the at least one processing core being further configured to compile information relating to the handover failure, the information comprising information on discontinuous reception, DRX, at the apparatus, the at least one processing core being further configured to cause a transmitter comprised in the apparatus to transmit the information relating to the handover failure toward a radio-access network. The information may be comprised in a handover failure report.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program for configuring a terminal device of a cellular system to propose aggregation of unlicensed frequencies for the use of the terminal device. A network element receiving the proposal processes the proposal and configures the aggregation of the unlicensed frequencies.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for unlicensed transmission. In one aspect there is provided a method. The method may include receiving a resource allocation in terms of at least one of a time and a frequency; determining whether a measurement on the allocated frequency is required; performing the measurement on the allocated frequency, when the measurement on the allocated frequency is required; and transmitting on the allocated frequency, when the allocated frequency is clear based on the performed measurement. Related apparatus, systems, methods, and articles are also described.