Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus. The substrate processing apparatus includes a first tube defining an inner space, a substrate holder in which a plurality of substrates are vertically stacked in the inner space of the first tube, the substrate holder defining a plurality of processing spaces in which the substrates are individually processed, a gas supply unit having a plurality of main injection holes each of which is vertically defined to correspond to each of the processing spaces to supply a gas into the first tube, and an exhaust unit configured to exhaust the gas supplied into the plurality of processing spaces in the first tube to the outside. The exhaust unit includes a plurality of exhaust holes facing the main injection holes and vertically arranged in a line to correspond to the processing spaces. Therefore, the gas may smoothly flow on the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus. The substrate processing apparatus includes a tube having an inner space, a substrate support on which a plurality of substrates are stacked in multistage within the tube, the substrate support individually defining a plurality of processing spaces in which the plurality of substrates are respectively processed, a first gas supply part configured to supply a first gas into all the plurality of processing spaces, a second gas supply part comprising a plurality of injectors disposed to respectively correspond to the plurality of processing spaces so that the second gas is individually supplied onto each of the plurality of substrates, and an exhaust part configured to exhaust the gases within the tube. Thus, the gas may be individually supplied into each of the processing spaces in which the plurality of substrates are respectively processed.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus is provided. The X-ray imaging apparatus includes an X-ray generator configured to radiate X-rays onto an object having a region of interest (ROI) and a non-ROI, a filter configured to adjust an X-ray dose of the X-rays incident on the ROI and the non-ROI, an X-ray detector configured to detect the X-rays transmitted through the object and convert the X-rays into X-ray data, and an image processing unit configured to obtain a frame image using the X-ray data, register the obtained frame image to a previous frame image, synthesize the frame image and the previous frame image, and generate a reconstructed frame image.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid-type brake disc including a hat part, which includes a circular main body mounted on a rotation shaft of a wheel, and a plurality of protrusions protruding in a circumferential direction from an outside surface of the main body, and a friction part, which includes a ring body having a through-hole formed in the center thereof for receiving the hat part in the through-hole, and recessed portions protruding from the periphery of the through-hole toward the respective protrusions, the recessed portions being connected to the respective protrusions to enclose the protrusions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a light emitting device package and a light emitting device package module.

Abstract: An in vitro method of determining the type of a fibroepithelial tumour of the breast in a biological sample is provided. The method comprises the steps of obtaining an expression profile of one or more genes selected from the group consisting of PRAME, ADH1 B, CTHRC1, NPTX2, NEFL, ABCA8, DAPL1, TP63_v2, COL17A1, GCNT2, CCL19, MMP3, FN1, TRERF1, TRIM29, TESC, KIF20A, UHRF1, HEPACAM2, APOD, SERHL2. KIF15, HOXD13, GAGE2B, CALML5, C2orf40, ADH1C, CYP1B1, SPAG11B, GRB7, UBE2C, SYNGAP1, TP63_v1, LAMB1, OR5P3, SPC25, SHISA2, SCARA5, LHX2, RORC, DPYSL4, CH25H, and CHST1 in a sample and determining the differential activity of the one or more genes relative to a control; correlating the differential activity of the one or more genes relative to the control to obtain a p-score; and determining the type of fibroepithelial tumour based on the p-score, wherein a p-score of less than 0.5 is indicative of a fibroadenoma and a p-score of 0.5 and above is indicative of phyllodes tumour.

Abstract: In one aspect, a positive electrode active material is provided, a method of manufacturing the positive electrode active material, and a lithium battery employing the positive electrode active material. The positive electrode active material may have high thermal stability and low capacity deterioration despite repetitive charging and discharging.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus may include an image acquirer configured to acquire a plurality of X-ray images of an object in different energy bands; and an image processor configured to perform scattering correction on the plurality of X-ray images to remove X-ray scattering from the plurality of X-ray images, perform material separation on the plurality of X-ray images on which the scattering correction has been performed to acquire material information of at least one material included in the object, and repeatedly perform the scattering correction and the material separation depending on whether a predetermined condition is satisfied.

Abstract: This invention relates to a paper friction material and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein the paper friction material is configured such that dispersibility and bondability are increased between a filler and a matrix. The paper friction material which is suitable for use in a vehicle, includes a friction base including pulp and a coating layer formed on the friction base using a mixture of latex and a functional material. The OH reactive group of the pulp and the aromatic ring of the latex are hydrogen-bonded so that the friction base and the coating layer are coupled with each other.

Abstract: Amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) were prepared comprising a poly(ethylene oxide) block and a biodegradable polycarbonate block functionalized with disulfide groups and carboxylic acid groups. The BCPs form self-assembled micellar particles in aqueous solution that can be loaded with hydrophobic drugs for therapeutic drug delivery. The loaded particles have small particle sizes (<100 nm), narrow particle size distributions, and high drug loading capacity (up to about 50 wt %) based on total dry weight of the loaded particles. Particles loaded with DOX released the DOX in response to changes in pH and glutathione (GSH) redox chemistry. The loaded particles efficiently delivered and released DOX within tumor cells, effectively suppressing growth of the tumor cells at a similar or even lower drug concentration than free DOX. Blank particles containing no DOX did not induce cytotoxicity to cells.

Abstract: A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery including a lithium metal oxide represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, a method of preparing the same, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same. LiaMeM?kO2??Chemical Formula 1 In Chemical Formula 1, Me is NixCoyMnz, M? is Mg, Al, Fe, P, or a combination thereof, 0.955?a<1.05, 0.001?k?0.1, 0.5<x?0.65, 0.1<y?0.25, 0.1<z?0.25, x+y+z+k=1, M? is doped at a Li site and at least one of Ni, Co, and Mn sites, M? is doped in an amount at 0.1 mol % or 10 mol % or between 0.1 mol % and 10 mol % based on the total amount of Ni, Co, and Mn, and a doping mole ratio of M? doped at the Li site with respect to a Me site is in the following range: about 0.001?ALi/AMe?about 0.5.

Abstract: A method for distributed data processing includes selecting a first number of candidate key-value pairs from input key-value pairs stored in a distributed file system and identifying an invocation frequency for each of the first number of candidate key-value pairs in a predetermined period of time. The invocation frequency is a number of times the corresponding candidate key-value pair was called by a service system in the predetermined period of time. The method further includes selecting a second number of hot key-value pairs from the candidate key-value pairs based on the invocation frequencies of the candidate key-value pairs, mapping the second number of hot key-value pairs to intermediate key-value pairs, and reducing the intermediate key-value pairs to resultant key-value pairs to be called by the service system.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a job processor to perform a job of the image forming apparatus, a storage unit to store apparatus use information on a user of the image forming apparatus and job performance of the job processor, a determination unit to determine whether the user is changed or not, and a controller to delete the apparatus use information on a previous user if it is determined that the user is changed.

Abstract: A column-based device and method for retrieving cells of interest were enclosed. The said device comprises a column comprising (i) an inner wall defining an inner chamber with inlet and outlet openings, (ii) a perforated plug disposed adjacent to the outlet opening, (iii) a sleeve insert with a channel and disposed within the chamber and adjacent to the perforated plug, and (iv) a filtering means housed within sleeve insert sandwiched between two sealing means. In particular, Tumor-derived endothelial cell clusters (TECCs) as characterized multiple nuclei, expression of endothelial markers (PECAM1, VWF and CDH5), and non-expression of leukocyte, megakaryocyte and platelets markers, may be retrieved using the disclosed device. Also encompassed are methods, reagents and kits for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers by detecting for the presence of TECCs isolated from blood samples using the claimed device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a light emitting device package and a light emitting device package module.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for forming lubricant recesses having minute configurations by applying a photolithograph method in a curved inner surface, such as a cylinder bore surface of a cylinder block, the inside of a cylinder liner, the inside of a compressor cylinder, a big end of a connecting rod, a big end bearing, a shaft insertion hole of a rocker arm, or the like in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An impedance matching device includes a matching element array unit with a matching element array to which a transmission pulse and a received pulse pass, an extraction/calculation unit extracting pulse information from the transmission pulse and the received pulse, calculating impedance values corresponding to the pulse information, and calculating an impedance value having best response characteristics of the received pulse with respect to the transmission pulse as a matching impedance value, an array control unit routing the matching element array unit according to the matching impedance value, a first converter converting a frequency of the transmission pulse into a carrier frequency and outputting the transmission pulse to the matching element array unit, a second converter converting the carrier frequency into a low frequency, and a converter control unit outputting a signal for controlling the frequency converting of the first converter and the second converter.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a light emitting device package strip capable of being used for a display application or an illumination application. The light emitting device package strip may include: a light emitting device package; and an upper adhesive sheet attached onto an upper surface of the light emitting device package so as to support the light emitting device package, wherein the light emitting device package includes: a flip-chip light emitting device having a first electrode pad and a second electrode pad; and a molding member formed to enclose side surfaces and an upper surface of the light emitting device such that the first electrode pad and the second electrode pad are exposed.

Abstract: An encoding-locked method for audio processing for audio receiving device includes the following steps: inserting a first encryption key into a first digital signal stream so as to obtain a second digital signal stream, checking whether there is the first encryption key in a received digital signal stream so as to determine whether the received digital signal stream is the second digital signal stream, and when the received digital signal stream is not the second digital signal stream, no processing the received digital signal stream.

Abstract: Amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) were prepared comprising a poly(ethylene oxide) block and a biodegradable polycarbonate block functionalized with disulfide groups and carboxylic acid groups. The BCPs form self-assembled micellar particles in aqueous solution that can be loaded with hydrophobic drugs for therapeutic drug delivery. The loaded particles have small particle sizes (<100 nm), narrow particle size distributions, and high drug loading capacity (up to about 50 wt %) based on total dry weight of the loaded particles. Particles loaded with DOX released the DOX in response to changes in pH and glutathione (GSH) redox chemistry. The loaded particles efficiently delivered and released DOX within tumor cells, effectively suppressing growth of the tumor cells at a similar or even lower drug concentration than free DOX. Blank particles containing no DOX did not induce cytotoxicity to cells.