Abstract: Disclosed are a copolymer of a perfluoropolyether derivative and a photosensitive polymer, a composition for forming banks comprising the copolymer, and a method for forming banks using the composition. Also disclosed is an organic thin film transistor including the composition and an electronic device including the organic thin film transistor. The use of the copolymer may enable the formation of banks by a solution coating process. Because an organic thin film transistor including banks formed by the method may be fabricated without any degradation in the characteristics of the organic thin film transistor, improved electronic properties may be exhibited.

Abstract: A semiconductor package including at least one semiconductor chip and inner leads may be provided. The semiconductor package may include a semiconductor chip. A plurality of inner leads having upper surfaces and lower surfaces, may be electrically connected to the semiconductor chip, and may be spaced apart from the semiconductor chip. A molding resin may fix the semiconductor chip and the inner leads. The upper surfaces of the inner leads may be fixed to the molding resin, the lower surfaces of the inner leads may be exposed from the molding resin, and widths of the lower surfaces of the inner leads may be narrower than widths of the upper surfaces of the inner leads.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolyte for solar cells, comprising a phthalocyanine (Pc) compound of Formula I as described herein, and solar cells using the same. According to the invention, energy conversion efficiency of the solar cells was improved by employing the phthalocyanine compound to the solar cells.

Abstract: A lead-exposed semiconductor device package may include a die pad; a semiconductor chip having bonding pads mounted on the die pad; a plurality of leads arranged to be adjacent to at least one edge of the die pad and to electrically connect external to the package; a locking member provided on the plurality of leads; bonding wires electrically connecting the bonding pads with the plurality of leads; and a molding material for sealing the semiconductor chip, the die pad, the plurality of leads, the locking member, and the bonding wires. The locking member may be configured to lock the plurality of leads to the molding material.

Abstract: A traction apparatus for cervical vertebrae for elongating the cervical vertebrae with the cervical vertebrae being stooped in response to the manipulation of a user. Force is only concentrated to the rear part of the neck, such that impact or pressure is not applied to the chin, thereby preventing TMJ disorder and further lengthening the elongation distance of the cervical vertebrae compared with elongating both the chin and rear part of the neck for effectively elongating the cervical vertebrae.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic thin film transistor including a phosphate-based self-assembled monolayer and a method of manufacturing the same. Example embodiments relate to an organic thin film transistor, which may include a single bond type phosphate-based self-assembled monolayer without intermolecular cross-linking, between source/drain electrodes and an organic semiconductor layer, thus exhibiting improved electrical properties, e.g., increased charge mobility, and to a method of manufacturing the organic thin film transistor.

Abstract: A character learning apparatus for preschool children and a method for driving the same are disclosed. The apparatus can be easily handle by preschool children. The apparatus originally prevents breakdown sources due to electrically bad contact because the apparatus does not need electrical contact to install elements thereto.

Abstract: A device and method for generating an adjustable chaotic signal are provided. The chaotic signal generation device includes a plurality of triangle pulse train generators which generate a plurality of triangle waves having different frequency cycles, an adder which adds the triangle waves output from the triangle pulse train generators and outputs a noise signal, and a frequency modulator which converts the noise signal to a certain frequency band to output a chaotic signal. Accordingly, the power consumption and cost are reduced and the manufacture of the chaotic signal generation device is simplified due to the components integrated on an IC. Also, a plurality of users can use wireless communications in a particular wireless communications area.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic electronic device, in which a semiconductor layer and source/drain electrodes may be formed from materials of the same type, suitable for a room-temperature wet process, and thus have surface properties similar to each other, thereby decreasing contact resistance between the semiconductor layer and the source/drain electrodes. The materials for formation of the semiconductor layer and source/drain electrodes may be organic semiconductor type materials obtained by adding carbon-based nanoparticles to organic semiconductor materials in predetermined or given amounts. As such, the conductivity of a semiconductor or conductor may vary depending on the amount of carbon-based nanoparticles.

Abstract: A wireless communication terminal and a method for controlling power and using a channel by adjusting a channel bandwidth of the wireless communication terminal. The wireless communication terminal generates a plurality of channels by dividing at least part of a frequency band for ultra-wideband communications to a plurality of frequency bands, receives a chaotic signal having a plurality of frequency components in the channels, and adjusts a frequency bandwidth which forms the channel when a certain condition is satisfied. Accordingly, since the chaotic carrier is transmitted and received in the narrow frequency band by adjusting the frequency bandwidth, the power consumption can be reduced drastically and the high-quality communications are feasible between the portable terminal and the wireless headset in the optimized channel environment. Furthermore, a greater number of portable terminals and wireless headsets can execute the radio communications in a certain wireless communication range.

Abstract: A wireless communication terminal capable of changing a channel, and a channel changing method of the wireless communication terminal. The wireless communication terminal generates a plurality of channels by dividing at least part of a frequency band for ultra-wideband communications into a plurality of frequency sub-bands, receives a radio signal in at least one of the plurality of the channels, and changes a channel for receiving the radio signal. Accordingly, high quality communications are feasible between the transmitter terminal and the receiver terminal in an optimized channel environment, and signal interference between the receiver terminals connected to different transmitter terminals can be prevented. Additionally, it is possible to carry out the channel change rapidly and efficiently and to reduce the power consumption required to transmit and receive radio signals comprising a chaotic carrier signal.

Abstract: RF (radio frequency) communication devices which use a chaotic signal and a method thereof are provided. An RF communication system includes: a transmitter terminal which generates a chaotic signal including a plurality of frequency components in a predetermined frequency band and transmits a chaotic carrier generated by inserting a data signal including information to be transmitted into the chaotic signal to a receiver terminal; and the receiver terminal extracts the data signal from the chaotic carrier received from the transmitter terminal via a wireless network and outputs the extracted data signal. As a result, low power, light weight local area RF communication devices can be realized.

Abstract: An optical disc player such as a digital versatile disc (DVD) player and a play control method thereof can include setting a reproduction mode for a disc loaded in the digital versatile disc player, storing the set reproduction mode, and reading out and reproducing information recorded on the disc and subsequent discs in accordance with the stored reproduction mode. In accordance with this method, it is possible to carry out play operations of optical discs of different types in the DVD player in accordance with the set and stored reproduction modes. The reproduction modes can include subtitle languages, audio languages, audio formats and the like recorded on each optical disc. According to preferred embodiments it is unnecessary to set desired reproduction modes for each optical disc subsequently used in the DVD player.

Abstract: A signal generator, a signal generation method, and a communication system using the same are provided. The signal generator includes a plurality of nonlinear elements which are connected in a ring; and a signal distributor which is arranged in the ring to form a closed loop, feeds part of a signal to one of the plurality of the nonlinear elements, and outputs signal generated by one of the plurality of nonlinear elements. The method includes arranging a plurality of nonlinear elements connected in a ring; inputting a signal to one of the nonlinear elements; amplifying the signal; receiving the amplified signal and generating a harmonic component of a frequency; clipping the signal; and feeding part of the signal back to one of the nonlinear elements and outputting a remainder of the signal. The system includes a chaotic signal generator; a signal distributor; a modulator; and a transmission circuit.

Abstract: An electrical connector assembly comprises an electrical connector (100) for connecting a sheet-like connection member (5) with a plurality of conductive pads (50) thereon. The electrical connector includes an insulating housing (1) defining a receiving cavity (10) for receiving the FPC and a plurality of conductive terminals (2) retained in the insulating housing to connect the corresponding conductive pads. Each terminal (2) comprises two resilient arms (24,25) located at one side of the receiving cavity (10) and having contact portions at their distal ends to be exposed to the receiving cavity to electrically contact with one single conductive pad (50) which can increase the reliability of the connection between the conductive terminal and the conductive pad of the FPC.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device and manufacturing method thereof includes a substrate; a first electrode formed on the substrate; a second electrode formed on the first electrode; an light emitting member interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a photonic crystal member disposed in proximity to the substrate.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) communication system having a chaotic signal generator and a method of generating a chaotic signal. The RF communication system includes a chaotic signal generator which generates a chaotic signal having a plurality of frequency components at a predetermined frequency band, a modulator which generates a chaotic carrier by combining the chaotic signal with a data signal which indicates information, and a transmission circuit which includes an antenna to transmit the chaotic carrier made at the modulator. The frequency signal generator comprises an oscillator which converts a DC bias power into a high frequency power, and a resonating unit which generates a wideband signal having a plurality of frequency components by passing a predetermined frequency band of the high frequency power signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for forming banks during the fabrication of electronic devices incorporating an organic semiconductor material that includes preparing an aqueous coating composition having at least a water-soluble polymer, a UV curing agent and a water-soluble fluorine compound. This coating composition is applied to a substrate, exposed using UV radiation and then developed using an aqueous developing composition to form the bank pattern. Because the coating composition can be developed using an aqueous composition rather than an organic solvent or solvent system, the method tends to preserve the integrity of other organic structures present on the substrate. Further, the incorporation of the fluorine compound in the aqueous solution provides a degree of control over the contact angles exhibited on the surface of the bank pattern and thereby can avoid or reduce subsequent surface treatments.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of fabricating organic thin film transistors composed of a substrate, a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, metal oxide source/drain electrodes, and an organic semiconductor layer. The methods include applying a sufficient quantity of a self-assembled monolayer compound containing a live ion to the surfaces of the metal oxide electrodes to form a self-assembled monolayer. The presence of the live ion at the interface between the metal oxide electrodes and the organic semiconductor layer modifies the relative work function of these materials. Further, the presence of the self-assembled monolayer on the gate insulating film tends to reduce hysteresis. Accordingly, organic thin film transistors fabricated in accord with the example embodiments tend to exhibit improved charge mobility, improved gate insulating film properties and decreased hysteresis associated with the organic insulator.

Abstract: A method of channel coding a digital communication system and a device using the same is provided. The method includes quantizing analog data to digital data, the digital data corresponding to a predetermined number of digital codes; allocating channel codes to the digital codes, as a Hamming distance between a pair of channel codes corresponding to any pair of the digital codes is proportional to a difference between analog values of the pair of the digital codes; and channel coding the digital data by using the channel codes which are allocated to the digital codes to generate channel coded digital data. Accordingly, digital data, such as multimedia digital data without source coding and the like, of which information significance is different may be effectively transmitted and received.