Abstract: An aerosol-generating apparatus according to an embodiment may include a plurality of chambers configured to accommodate a flavoring material; a rotating body configured to rotate the plurality of chambers; a coil antenna arranged such that an inductance of the coil antenna is changed by rotation of the rotating body; an inductive sensor configured to detect, the inductance and identify a rotation amount and a rotation direction of the rotating body based on a change in the inductance; and a processor configured to identify a chamber in use from among the plurality of chambers, based on the rotation amount and the rotation direction of the rotating body.

Abstract: A battery module in an energy storage device used with a plurality of battery modules in a battery rack and including a rack fuse that cuts off a circuit when an overcurrent occurs includes a battery cell and a module fuse for cutting off a circuit when overcurrent occurs, the module fuse starts to melt later than a melting completion time point of the rack fuse.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes: a liquid storage configured to store an aerosol generating material; a first residual amount detection sensor and a second residual amount detection sensor respectively arranged on a first inner surface and a second inner surface that face each other among inner surfaces of the liquid storage; a third residual amount detection sensor and a fourth residual amount detection sensor respectively arranged on a third inner surface and a fourth inner surface of the liquid storage that face each other and are different from the first inner surface and the second inner surface of the liquid storage; and a controller configured to measure a remaining amount of the aerosol generating material based on a first detected value output by the first residual amount detection sensor and a second detected value output by the second residual amount detection sensor.

Abstract: An inkjet printing method includes: preparing a shape drawing; creating an image for an inkjet printing based on a color table or a boundary table; applying the image for the inkjet printing to an inkjet apparatus; and performing the inkjet printing based on the image by the inkjet apparatus, where the creating the image for the inkjet printing includes converting the shape drawing into a vector image, converting the vector image into a raster image, and converting the raster image into the image for the inkjet printing which is a black-and-white image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind to TransMembrane 4 Superfamily Member 4 (TM4SF4). These antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof exhibit proliferation inhibitory activity of cancer cells so as to effectively prevent or treat cancer, and reduce the self-renewal ability of cancer stem cells to be usefully used even in the treatments of cancer with a poor prognosis in conventional anticancer treatments.

Abstract: A substrate inspection apparatus is disclosed. The substrate inspection apparatus includes: a first light source configured to radiate an ultraviolet light onto a coated film of a substrate, the coated film being mixed with fluorescent pigments; a first light detector configured to capture fluorescence generated from the coated film onto which the ultraviolet light is radiated, and to obtain a two-dimensional (2D) image of the substrate; a processor configured to derive one region among a plurality of regions of the substrate based on the 2D image; a second light source configured to radiate a laser light onto the one region; and a second light detector configured to obtain optical interference data generated from the one region by the laser light, wherein the processor is configured to derive a thickness of the coated film of the one region based on the optical interference data.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, an aerosol generating device includes: a main body including an accommodation space into which a cartridge, that is detachable, is configured to be inserted; a battery provided in the main body and configured to supply power to power consumption components included in the main body; a feedback line configured to feedback electrical connection between a heater in the cartridge and the main body based on the cartridge being inserted into the accommodation space; and a controller configured to change a mode of the aerosol generating device to a use mode based on a feedback signal being received through the feedback line when the aerosol generating device is set to a shipping mode.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes: a main body including a processor and a battery; a heater module detachably coupled to the main body and including a heater configured to heat an aerosol generating material; and a cartridge detachably coupled to the heater module and storing the aerosol generating material to be delivered to the heater, wherein the heater module includes an integrated circuit electrically connected to the processor when the heater module is coupled to the main body.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes: a cartridge including a liquid storage and an atomizer; and a main body including a battery, a puff sensor, and a controller configured to perform pulse width modulation (PWM) control for supplying power from the battery to the atomizer, wherein the controller performs the PWM control at a first duty ratio during a puff period and performs the PWM control at a second duty ratio lower than the first duty ratio during a non-puff period between puff periods.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating device includes a heater configured to heat an aerosol-generating material, a puff detection sensor configured to detect puffs of a user, a battery configured to supply power to the heater, and a controller configured to: based on a new puff being detected by the puff detection sensor, count a number of accumulated puffs including the new puff, determine a puff section corresponding to the number of accumulated puffs from among a plurality of puff sections which are divided according to the number of accumulated puffs, and control the power supplied to the heater based on a power range preset for the determined puff section.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes a first cartridge including a first material and a delivery hole, a second cartridge including chambers for accommodating a second material through which an aerosol passes, a position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge being changeable, a remaining amount sensor configured to detect a remaining amount of the first material, and a controller configured to determine a consumption amount at which the first material is consumed with respect to a usage chamber that currently passes the aerosol based on the detected remaining amount of the first material and to compare the consumption amount of the first material with a pre-set reference consumption amount of the first material with respect to the usage chamber, thereby determining a position changing time at which changing of a position of the second cartridge is required.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device may include a heater configured to heat an aerosol generating material, a battery configured to supply power to the heater, and a controller. In addition, the aerosol generating device may further include a user input detection sensor configured to receive a user's input and a pressure detection sensor configured to sense pressure. The controller may, in response to the user's input being sensed by using the user input detection sensor, obtain an initial pressure sensing value by using the pressure detection sensor. In addition, the controller may determine a reference pressure value based on the initial pressure sensing value and determine whether a puff of the aerosol generating device has occurred based on the reference pressure value.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device and a controlling method thereof are provided. An aerosol generating device includes: a battery configured to supply power for generating an aerosol from an aerosol generating material; a converter configured to convert a supply voltage from the battery into a constant voltage of a predetermined level; a heater configured to heat the aerosol generating material using the supply voltage; a detection circuit configured to detect a change in resistance of the heater by applying the constant voltage output from the converter and performing a current sensing on the heater with a resistance value; and a controller configured to control the heater for generating the aerosol by switching between a monitoring mode for performing the detection of the change in the resistance of the heater using the constant voltage and a heating mode for heating the heater using the supply voltage.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes: a first cartridge configured to accommodate a first material and including a delivery hole that is configured to deliver an aerosol generated from the first material; a second cartridge including a plurality of chambers that are each configured to accommodate a second material through which the aerosol delivered from the first cartridge passes and is discharged to the outside, wherein a position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge is changeable so that at least one of the plurality of chambers corresponds to the delivery hole; a position sensor configured to generate a signal by detecting a position of at least one of the plurality of chambers with respect to the delivery hole; and a controller configured to identify a usage chamber based on the signal of the position sensor.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes a first electrode and a second electrode, which are arranged apart from each other on an outer surface of a main body, and supplies power to a controller only when the first electrode and the second electrode are in electrical contact with each other by user's manipulation, such that power consumption in a standby mode may be significantly reduced.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an aerosol generating rod includes providing a sheet of a first non-tobacco material by using at least one first conveying roller; crimping the sheet of the first non-tobacco material by using a first crimping device; applying an aerosol generating material to at least one surface of the sheet of the first non-tobacco material by using a first spray nozzle; applying a liquid containing a tobacco component to at least one surface of the sheet of the first non-tobacco material by using a slit nozzle; drying the sheet of the first non-tobacco material by using a drying device; and forming the aerosol generating rod by forming the sheet of the first non-tobacco material into a rod by using a rod forming device.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device including: a heater configured to heat an aerosol-generating material; a battery configured to supply power to the heater; an airflow detecting sensor configured to detect a change in airflow inside the aerosol generating device; a pressure sensor configured to detect a pressure change outside the aerosol generating device; and a controller, wherein the controller may determine whether a puff has occurred based on a first sensing value received from the air flow detection sensor and a second sensing value received from the pressure sensor.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor memory device according to the inventive concept includes forming an electrode structure by alternately stacking insulation layers and electrodes on a substrate, forming a channel hole penetrating the electrode structure, and forming a vertical channel structure filling the channel hole, wherein the forming the vertical channel structure includes forming a ferroelectric layer on an inner sidewall of the channel hole, forming an oxide semiconductor layer on the ferroelectric layer, and performing an annealing process on the oxide semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A blood flow measurement device according to various embodiments may be configured to irradiate light to a first position of a subject and a second position of the subject located in a first direction with respect to the first position, acquire intensities of the reflected light at the first position and the second position, determine a first value which is a difference between the intensities of the reflected light at the first position and the second position, irradiate light to a third position of the subject located in a second direction with respect to the second position, acquire an intensity of the reflected light at the third position, determine a second value which is a difference between the intensities of the reflected light at the second position and the third position, and determine a blood flow direction based on the first value and the second value.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes a battery, a capacitive sensor, a controller, a first conductive element, a second conductive element, and a heater, wherein the controller is configured to control power supplied from the battery to the heater based on an order of a first time point at which the capacitive sensor senses contact of a user through the first conductive element and a second time point at which the capacitive sensor senses contact of the user through the second conductive element.