Abstract: A display apparatus includes a timing controller for converting data values of black image signals to have one polarity with respect to a common voltage and for converting data values of low gray scale image signals to have one polarity with respect to the common voltage, a data driver for converting the image signals outputted from the timing controller into data voltages, and a plurality of pixels for receiving the data voltages in response to gate signals to display an image.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display, including: a first substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on the first substrate and overlapping with each other with a first insulating layer therebetween; a second insulating layer disposed on the first substrate and having an opening; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a first alignment layer disposed on the first substrate; a second alignment layer disposed on the second substrate; and a spacer disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, in which the spacer is positioned in the opening.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate with a predetermined interval therebetween, a liquid crystal material filled between the first substrate and the second substrate, a column spacer disposed at the second substrate and maintaining the predetermined interval between the first substrate and the second substrate, a passivation layer disposed at the first substrate, a pixel electrode disposed on the passivation layer; and a fixing protrusion which is disposed on the first substrate, is positioned at an opposing surface of the column spacer and includes at least one of a lower layer including the passivation layer and an upper layer including the pixel electrode.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an alignment substrate that includes a base substrate and an alignment layer arranged on the base substrate. A plurality of unit pixels is defined in the base substrate. The alignment layer includes at least two sub-alignment portions dividing the unit pixel into at least two domains. Each sub-alignment portion is arranged in a different domain of the at least two domains and is aligned to have a different pretilt direction from the other sub-alignment portions.

Abstract: A lens panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate includes a first base substrate, a first electrode formed on the first base substrate, and a first alignment layer formed on the first electrode. The first alignment layer includes a plurality of unit alignment areas forming a lens unit and is aligned to have a first azimuth angle and a plurality of first polarized angles. The first polarized angles vary in the unit alignment area. The second substrate includes a second base substrate, a second electrode formed on the second base substrate, and a second alignment layer aligned to have a second azimuth angle and a second polarized angle. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a spacer. The first substrate includes pixel areas including first and second pixel areas adjacent to each other and arranged in a matrix form defined by first and second directions substantially perpendicular to each other. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The spacer is disposed on the second substrate to extend toward the first substrate. Each of the pixel areas includes a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor connected to the pixel electrode through a contact hole.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a plurality of red pixel areas, a plurality of green pixel areas, a plurality of blue pixel areas, and a light blocking member which defines the plurality of red pixel areas, the plurality of green pixel areas, and the plurality of blue pixel areas therein, and includes an expansion portion which overlaps a spacer which maintains a cell gap and is provided between the plurality of green pixel areas and the plurality of blue pixel areas and between the plurality of red pixel areas and the plurality of green pixel areas.

Abstract: In a photo alignment method, a substrate and a mask are aligned so that the substrate is spaced apart from the mask by a predetermined gap. An organic layer is formed on the substrate. The mask has a transmission portion and a light blocking portion. Light is irradiated through the mask in a direction substantially parallel with an interface between the transmission portion and the light blocking portion of the mask. Polymer chains are formed on an upper portion of the organic layer. The polymer chains are aligned in an alignment direction toward an incident direction of the light. Locations of the substrate and the mask are sensed in real time. The mask is transported to a predetermined location with respect to the substrate based on the sensed locations of the substrate and the mask.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate with a predetermined interval therebetween, a liquid crystal material filled between the first substrate and the second substrate, a column spacer disposed at the second substrate and maintaining the predetermined interval between the first substrate and the second substrate, a passivation layer disposed at the first substrate, a pixel electrode disposed on the passivation layer; and a fixing protrusion which is disposed on the first substrate, is positioned at an opposing surface of the column spacer and includes at least one of a lower layer including the passivation layer and an upper layer including the pixel electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display, including: a first substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on the first substrate and overlapping with each other with a first insulating layer therebetween; a second insulating layer disposed on the first substrate and having an opening; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a first alignment layer disposed on the first substrate; a second alignment layer disposed on the second substrate; and a spacer disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, in which the spacer is positioned in the opening.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first insulation substrate, a gate line and a data line disposed on the first insulation substrate and insulated from and intersecting each other, a first passivation layer covering the gate line and the data line, a common electrode positioned on the first passivation layer and including a step-removed part, a second passivation layer covering the common electrode, a pixel electrode positioned on the second passivation layer, a second insulation substrate facing the first insulation substrate, and a main column spacer positioned on the second insulation substrate, where the step-removed part is provided by removing the common electrode at a position corresponding to the main column spacer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display, including a first substrate and a second substrate, each having a plurality of unit pixel areas and facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, in which the plurality of unit pixel areas each have a plurality of domains. In a first domain of the plurality of domains, a first alignment layer of the first substrate and a second alignment layer of the second substrate are photo-aligned, and in a second domain of the plurality of domains, the second alignment layer of the second substrate is photo-aligned twice and the first alignment layer of the first substrate is not photo-aligned.

Abstract: A method of driving a display panel includes generating a high pixel gamma voltage and a low pixel gamma voltage. At least one of the high pixel gamma voltage and the low pixel gamma voltage includes a positive gamma voltage and a negative gamma voltage having different values. The positive gamma voltage is a difference between a first gamma voltage higher than a common voltage and the common voltage. The negative gamma voltage is a difference between the common voltage and a second gamma voltage lower than the common voltage. A high pixel data voltage is generated based on the high pixel gamma voltage and the high pixel data voltage output to a high pixel. A low pixel data voltage is generated based on the low pixel gamma voltage and the low pixel data voltage is output to a low pixel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel including pixels, wherein at least one of the pixels includes a first sub-pixel charged with a first voltage and a second sub-pixel charged with a second voltage lower than the first voltage, a first substrate including a first sub-pixel electrode of the first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel electrode of the second sub-pixel, a first alignment layer aligned in first and second directions in each of the first and second sub-pixels, a second alignment layer aligned in third and fourth directions in each of the first and second sub-pixels to form a plurality of domains in each of the first and second sub-pixels, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second alignment layers, wherein the first sub-pixel electrode includes a plurality of slits formed substantially parallel to a liquid crystal alignment direction in each of the domains of the first sub-pixel electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display including a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a plurality of pixel electrodes formed on the first substrate and each including a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode, a common electrode formed on the second substrate, a shielding member formed on the first substrate or the second substrate and overlapping a portion of the first subpixel electrode, an alignment layer formed on at least one of the plurality of pixel electrodes and the common electrode and subjected to photo-alignment, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a gate line, a data line, first-third power lines located on the first substrate, first-third sub-pixels, where a switching element of each is connected to the gate line and the data line, a second substrate, a common electrode that is formed on the second substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the first and second substrates, and a power voltage driver outputting a low voltage during a first period and a high voltage during a subsequent second period to the first power line, a constant voltage during both periods to the second power line, and the high voltage during the first period and the low voltage during the second period to the third power line. The first power line, the second power line and the third power line overlap the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel, respectively.

Abstract: A display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes first and second polarization plates, first and second phase delay films, and a liquid crystal display panel. A first polarization plate has a first polarization axis. A second polarization plate faces the first polarization plate and has a second polarization axis forming an angle about 85 degrees to 95 degrees with respect to the first polarization axis. A first phase delay film is disposed between the first and second polarization films and has a third polarization axis forming an angle about 40 degrees to 50 degrees with respect to the second polarization plate. A second phase delay film is disposed between the second polarization plate and the first phase delay film, and has a fourth polarization axis forming an angle about ?5 degrees to 5 degree with respect to the third polarization axis.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display, a first alignment layer formed on a first substrate includes a first region aligned in a first direction and a second region aligned in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a second alignment layer formed on a second substrate facing the first substrate includes a third region aligned in a third direction different from the first direction and a fourth region aligned in a fourth direction opposite to the third direction. The liquid crystal molecules interposed between the first and second alignment layers are aligned in different directions in different domains defined by the first to fourth regions. A pixel electrode includes an extension part extending in at least one of the first to fourth directions. The aperture ratio and the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display are improved.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display, including a first substrate and a second substrate, each having a plurality of unit pixel areas and facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, in which the plurality of unit pixel areas each have a plurality of domains. In a first domain of the plurality of domains, a first alignment layer of the first substrate and a second alignment layer of the second substrate are photo-aligned, and in a second domain of the plurality of domains, the second alignment layer of the second substrate is photo-aligned twice and the first alignment layer of the first substrate is not photo-aligned.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an alignment substrate that includes a base substrate and an alignment layer arranged on the base substrate. A plurality of unit pixels is defined in the base substrate. The alignment layer includes at least two sub-alignment portions dividing the unit pixel into at least two domains. Each sub-alignment portion is arranged in a different domain of the at least two domains and is aligned to have a different pretilt direction from the other sub-alignment portions.