Abstract: A lighting module includes a circuit board of which length in a direction of a first axis is longer than that in a direction of a second axis; a plurality of optical lenses arranged in the direction of the first axis on the circuit board; and at least one light emitting device respectively disposed between the circuit board and the plurality of optical lenses, wherein the optical lens includes: an incident surface disposed on the circuit board; a first light output surface upwardly emitting light incident through the incident surface; a second light output surface emitting the incident light in a lateral direction; and a side protruding part protruding outward from a first region of the second light output surface, wherein the side protruding part of each of the optical lenses protrudes outward of the circuit board.

Abstract: An apparatus for orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode combination and an antenna apparatus for multi-mode generation are provided. The apparatus for OAM mode combination includes three input ports configured to receive independent OAM mode signals, four output ports configured to output OAM mode signals with the same or different phase delays; and a circuit element configured to simultaneously combine or distribute the OAM mode signals by controlling phases of output signals output through the four output ports to be different depending on the OAM mode signals received through the input ports.

Abstract: An optical lens in embodiment discloses: first and second bottom surfaces spaced apart from each other and having a longer in a second axial direction than to a first axial direction at a lower portion of a transparent body; a concave recess between the first and second bottom surfaces; plurality of incident surfaces having a first incident surface on the recess, second and third incident surfaces corresponding to each other on both sides of the recess; first and second total reflective surfaces disposed on opposite sides of the body; and a first exit surface on the body; and second and third exit surfaces on a both sides the first exit surface.

Abstract: An optical lens is provided. The optical lens may include a bottom surface, a concave recess provided in a center region of the bottom surface, a first light exit surface having a convexly curved surface on a side opposite to the bottom surface and the recess, and a second light exit surface between the bottom surface and the first light exit surface. A length in a first axis direction on the bottom surface is D1, and a length in a second axis direction perpendicular to the first axis direction is D2, a length in the first axis direction on the bottom of the recess is D3, and a length in the second axis direction on the bottom of the recess is D4, where a length of the bottom surface may have a relationship of D1<D2, and a bottom length of the recess may have a relationship of D3>D4.

Abstract: A light-emitting module provided in an embodiment comprises: a circuit board; a light-emitting diode arranged on the circuit board; an optical lens arranged on the light-emitting diode; a reflective sheet arranged between the optical lens and the circuit board; and an adhesive layer arranged between the reflective sheet and the circuit board, wherein the optical lens comprises: an incident surface having a recessed part on the light-emitting diode; a reflective surface for reflecting light incident on the incident surface; and a light-emitting surface arranged on the outer circumference thereof, wherein the reflective sheet includes an open area in which the light-emitting diode is arranged and the open area has a width wider than the width of the light-emitting diode and narrower than the width of the incident surface of the optical lens.

Abstract: An optical lens and a light emitting module having the optical lens is provided. The optical lens may include a bottom surface, a recess upwardly convex at a central region of the bottom surface, a light input surface at a circumference of the recess, a first light output surface having a convexly curved surface at opposite sides of the bottom surface and the light input surface, and a second light output surface at a lower circumference of the first light output surface, wherein the bottom surface includes a first edge adjacent to the recess and a second edge adjacent to the second light output surface, a region of the bottom surface more adjacent to the first edge gradually approaches a first axis that is horizontal to a center of a bottom of the recess, and the first light output surface has a convex central region.

Abstract: A transceiving apparatus may comprise a radiator emitting a beam; a receiver receiving a beam; a first sub-reflector which is provided to face the radiator and changes an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode order of a beam; a second sub-reflector which is provided to face the receiver and changes an OAM mode order of a beam differently from the first sub-reflector; and a main reflector which is provided to face the first sub-reflector and the second sub-reflector.

Abstract: A lighting module includes a circuit board of which length in a direction of a first axis is longer than that in a direction of a second axis; a plurality of optical lenses arranged in the direction of the first axis on the circuit board; and at least one light emitting device respectively disposed between the circuit board and the plurality of optical lenses, wherein the optical lens includes: an incident surface disposed on the circuit board; a first light output surface upwardly emitting light incident through the incident surface; a second light output surface emitting the incident light in a lateral direction; and a side protruding part protruding outward from a first region of the second light output surface, wherein the side protruding part of each of the optical lenses protrudes outward of the circuit board.

Abstract: Provided are a user authentication method and an electronic device performing the method. The method is performed under the control of a processor and includes inputting a user authentication request for identifying a user, generating random number data that corresponds to knowledge-based authentication information in the user authentication request, generating an authentication code by combining biometrics-based authentication information in the user authentication request and the random number data, and processing the user authentication request based on the authentication code.

Abstract: Disclosed is a circular array antenna. The circular array antenna includes: an input/output unit receiving electromagnetic waves from a transmitter and distributing the received electromagnetic waves to the antenna; a primary feeder connected with the input/output unit and placed at the center of the circular array antenna; a plurality of secondary feeders radially connected to the primary feeder; a plurality of patch units connected to the respective secondary feeders to generate an electric field radially; and a plurality of length controllers formed at terminals of the respective secondary feeders in a direction to extend the lengths of the respective secondary feeders, of which the lengths are controllable.

Abstract: A method for filtering information to predict values of preference given to items by users is provided. The method includes steps of: (a) acquiring data rui as the value of preference given by each of individual users u regarding each of individual items i; (b) obtaining estimators of means ?ui=?0+?iI+?uU by estimating ?0,?iI,?uU (u?U, i?I) that minimize ? ( u , i ) ? R ? { r ui - ? 0 - ? i I - ? u U } 2 + ? U ? ? u ? ? u U 2 + ? I ? ? i ? ? i I 2 ; (c) calculating residuals rui? by using the estimators of the means ?ui; (d) estimating spreads ?u2 of the values of the preference by individual users by using the residuals; (e) estimating matrices ? by using the residuals; (f) calculating covariance matrices ?u=?u2?; and (g) calculating B(Rui|Ruj=ruj,(u,j)?R) which is a conditional expectation value of Rui that is estimated preference data of a specific user u regarding the each item i.

Abstract: Provided are a multi-input multi-output system which overcomes a disadvantage that optimal receiving performance cannot be maintained according to an installation environment and a performance change of a receiver when a receiving module is configured by using a fixed attenuator and a fixed phase in a line-of-sight multi-input multi-output system configuration and analogously controls an interference removing module of a receiver including a variable attenuator and a phase shifter which are controllable to enhance a receiving performance and increase frequency efficiency, in order to maximize a signal-to-interference ratio of each path and an operating method thereof.

Abstract: A gate driving circuit is provided. A gate driving circuit comprises a pull-up control unit including a control transistor, a pull-up unit, a carry unit which outputs a clock signal into a kth carry signal and a pull-down unit which pulls down a control node to an off voltage, wherein the control transistor includes one electrode and the other electrode connected to the control node, the one electrode and the other electrode being disposed on a gate electrode such that the one electrode and the other electrode being insulated from the gate electrode, wherein the gate electrode and the other electrode are disposed not to be overlapped with each other, and a distance between an upper surface of the gate electrode and a lower surface of the one electrode is longer than that of the upper surface of the gate electrode and a lower surface of the other electrode.

Abstract: Each stage of a gate driver includes a controlling part which increases an electric potential of a boosting line in response to a carry signal of a previous stage and decreases the electric potential of the boosting line in response to the carry signal of a next stage, a first output part which turns on in response to the increased electric potential of the boosting line and receiving a clock signal to output a gate signal of a present stage, and a second output part which turns on in response to the increased electric potential of the boosting line and receiving the clock signal to output the carry signal of the present stage. The boosting line of the present stage is disposed adjacent to a gate line which is connected to one of next stages following the present stage.

Abstract: The present invention provides an array antenna apparatus for a rotation mode, a wireless communication terminal, and a method thereof. The apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment includes an antenna array including a plurality of antenna elements; and a control unit which determines an antenna pattern in accordance with a transmission/reception characteristic of a signal and assigns a weight to antenna elements in a position corresponding to the determined antenna pattern on the antenna array to implement a rotation mode antenna based on the antenna element to which the weight is assigned.

Abstract: A light-emitting module provided in an embodiment comprises: a circuit board; a light-emitting diode arranged on the circuit board; an optical lens arranged on the light-emitting diode; a reflective sheet arranged between the optical lens and the circuit board; and an adhesive layer arranged between the reflective sheet and the circuit board, wherein the optical lens comprises: an incident surface having a recessed part on the light-emitting diode; a reflective surface for reflecting light incident on the incident surface; and a light-emitting surface arranged on the outer circumference thereof, wherein the reflective sheet includes an open area in which the light-emitting diode is arranged and the open area has a width wider than the width of the light-emitting diode and narrower than the width of the incident surface of the optical lens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reception apparatus. The reception apparatus includes a plurality of reception antennas; and a signal processing unit configured to use reception characteristic of the plurality of reception antennas, wherein the signal processing unit comprises a channel estimation unit configured to respectively estimate a channel response matrix of each signal received via the plurality of reception antennas, and a coding unit configured to define a coding matrix based on an inverse matrix of the estimated channel response matrix, and to obtain a final output signal corresponding to each reception antenna by applying the coding matrix to each received signal.

Abstract: An embodiment comprises: a housing comprising a lower plate and a side plate; a substrate arranged on the lower plate; a light-emitting module comprising light sources arranged on the substrate and spaced from each other; and a lens array unit comprising lenses arranged so as to correspond to the light sources. The light sources have different magnitudes of quantity of light, and the sizes of the lenses are proportional to the magnitudes of quantity of light of the corresponding light sources.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication apparatus capable of increasing throughput using MIMO in an LOS environment and a method for the same. A wireless communication apparatus based on the LOS-MIMO technique may comprise a multi-link configuration unit, a frequency response correction unit, a signal compensation unit, and a feedback unit. In the apparatus, an additional LOS-MIMO equalizer is used at the front of an LOS-MIMO estimator and a coding unit in order to compensate in-band frequency characteristics of frequency response characteristics estimated by the LOS-MIMO estimator and a signal channel estimator, whereby the LOS-MIMO estimation performance can be remarkably enhanced. Also, precise separation of multiplexed signals through the above-described LOS equalizer can make it possible to increase transmission capacity by using the LOS-MIMO which can be applied to high-order mode (e.g., over 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)) digital communications.

Abstract: A display device includes an array substrate, an opposite substrate, a printed circuit board, and a conductive member. The array substrate includes pixel electrodes. The opposite substrate faces the array substrate, is coupled with array substrate, and includes a light blocking layer disposed in a non-pixel area of the array substrate. The printed circuit board includes a ground terminal and output terminals to apply a driving signal to the array substrate through the output terminals. The conductive member electrically connects the light blocking layer to the ground terminal.