Abstract: The present invention discloses a substrate where the lateral surface of the substrate is formed to expose at least one portion of a via(s) for circuit connection. The substrate comprises a plurality of insulating layers; and a plurality of conductive layers separated by the plurality of insulating layers. A first lateral surface of the substrate is formed by the plurality of conductive layers and the plurality of insulating layers. The first lateral surface of the substrate comprises at least one first portion of a first via filled with a first conductive material.

Abstract: A substrateless device comprises a plurality of first conductive elements and an encapsulant. The encapsulant encapsulates the plurality of first conductive elements, wherein the locations of the plurality of first conductive elements are fixed by the encapsulant; and a plurality of terminals of the plurality of first conductive elements are exposed outside the encapsulant, wherein the plurality of first conductive elements are not supported by a substrate.

Abstract: A mounting assembly contains a plate including a first fringe, a second fringe, a third fringe, and a fourth fringe, wherein the first fringe has a first raised portion, and the second fringe has a semi-circular groove. The plate includes a plurality of first adjusting apertures and at least one pair of second adjusting aperture and at least one pair of third adjusting aperture. The at least one pair of third adjusting aperture is defined between the at least one pair of second adjusting aperture; a distance between the at least one pair of second adjusting aperture is equal to that of two opposite orifices; two supporting members are symmetrically connected with the third fringe and the fourth fringe, and each supporting member has a plurality of first eyelets so that the first bolt inserts through the through hole to screw with one of the plurality of first eyelets.

Abstract: A hand tool includes a body having a first space in which a first threaded portion and a non-circular positioning portion are located. A handle is threadedly connected to the body and has a pivotal member pivotably connected thereto. The pivotal member has a second threaded portion which is connected to the first threaded portion. A slot is defined in the second threaded portion and a push member is located in the slot. The push member has a non-circular positioning member which is in contact with the positioning portion. The handle further has a room to which an end cap is threadedly connected.

Abstract: A hand tool includes a body having a first space in which a first threaded portion and a non-circular positioning portion are located. A handle is threadedly connected to the body and has a pivotal member pivotably connected thereto. The pivotal member has a second threaded portion which is connected to the first threaded portion. A slot is defined in the second threaded portion and a push member is located in the slot. The push member has a non-circular positioning member which is in contact with the positioning portion. The handle further has a room to which an end cap is threadedly connected.

Abstract: An optical network unit includes an optical transmitter, an optical detector and a signal measurement module. The optical transmitter transmits an optical signal to an optical line terminal of a passive optical network system. The optical detector is utilized for monitoring the emission of the optical signal and transforming the received optical signal into a current signal. Then, the current signal is transformed into a voltage signal. The signal measurement module is connected to the optical detector for filtering and sampling the voltage signal and generating a sampling signal. The average output power of the optical transmitter can be obtained by averaging the voltage values of the sampling signal. Once the up-transmission data packet of the optical network unit exceeds the time interval of the allocated time slot, and the voltage values of the sampling signal have several points over a threshold, the optical transmitter is turned off.

Abstract: A water flow temperature control system is described. A hot and cold water flow respectively flow through a first and a second inlet passage of a valve and reach a temperature control sheet through a pressure equalization valve and two water seals. The quantities of the water flows are controlled by changing positions of two large or two small tapered adjusting holes on the temperature control sheet relative to the two water seals before flowing towards a water mixer of a mixing device. The water flows enter from a large opening portion of the water mixer, and are mixed in a helical direction. After that, the water flows pass through a number of outlet holes on a small opening portion of the water mixer towards an outlet passage of the valve. The center of the temperature control sheet is connected to a first end of a transmission shaft.

Abstract: An optical communication device includes a top cover, a bottom cover, a circuit board and an electrostatic discharge element. The bottom cover is disposed opposite to the top cover, and an accommodating space is formed between the top and bottom covers. The circuit board is disposed in the accommodating space. The electrostatic discharge element is disposed on the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board.

Abstract: A connecting module comprises a body, a housing and a transmission device disposed in the body. The transmission device comprises a fixed element having a guiding slot, a slider and a movable bar. The movable bar drives the slider to horizontally move along the guiding slot, to disengage the body from the housing.

Abstract: An optical communication device includes a top cover, a bottom cover, a circuit board and an electrostatic discharge element. The bottom cover is disposed opposite to the top cover, and an accommodating space is formed between the top and bottom covers. The circuit board is disposed in the accommodating space. The electrostatic discharge element is disposed on the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board.

Abstract: A protection circuit is coupled between a secondary winding of a transformer and a load. When voltage at the secondary winding of the transformer becomes abnormal, the protection circuit disconnects the power connection to the load so as to protect the load from damage. When the voltage at the secondary winding of the transformer returns normal, the protection circuit restores power to the load.

Abstract: An optical carrier notch filter includes an optical coupler with at least first, second and third ports. The first port is configured to receive an output that includes an optical carrier and interleaved optical single sideband signals. An optical bandpass filter is coupled to a port of the optical coupler. The optical bandpass filter separates the output into a transmitted signal that contains the optical carrier, and a reflected signal that includes the interleaved optical single sideband signals. The reflected signal is reflected from the optical bandpass filter to the third port of the optical coupler.

Abstract: A connecting module comprises a body, a housing and a transmission device disposed in the body. The transmission device comprises a fixed element having a guiding slot, a slider and a movable bar. The movable bar drives the slider to horizontally move along the guiding slot, to disengage the body from the housing.

Abstract: A protection circuit is coupled between a secondary winding of a transformer and a load. When voltage at the secondary winding of the transformer becomes abnormal, the protection circuit disconnects the power connection to the load so as to protect the load from damage. When the voltage at the secondary winding of the transformer returns normal, the protection circuit restores power to the load.

Abstract: An optical carrier notch filter includes an optical coupler with at least first, second and third ports. The first port is configured to receive an output that includes an optical carrier and interleaved optical single sideband signals. An optical bandpass filter is coupled to a port of the optical coupler. The optical bandpass filter separates the output into a transmitted signal that contains the optical carrier, and a reflected signal that includes the interleaved optical single sideband signals. The reflected signal is reflected from the optical bandpass filter to the third port of the optical coupler.

Abstract: A shifting mechanism for electric vehicles includes an operation bar coupled with a universal joint mounting on an electric vehicle body. The operation bar may be turned and swiveled in multiple directions and has a free end movable according to preset paths of a guiding means. The operation bar may be swiveled in different directions or through the guiding means to switch circuits that control motor positive rotation and reverse rotation at high speed or low speed. Thereby a definite direction is provided to switch the direction and speed. The switches are located on different positions and arranged in low—high speed and forward (positive rotation)—backward (reverse rotation) fashion so that the backward movement can only be exercised at the low speed to avoid the risk of backward high speed condition to secure safety for children's ride-on electric vehicles.

Abstract: A shifting mechanism for electric vehicles includes an operation bar coupled with a universal joint mounting on an electric vehicle body. The operation bar may be turned and swiveled in multiple directions and has a free end movable according to preset paths of a guiding means. The operation bar may be swiveled in different directions or through the guiding means to switch circuits that control motor positive rotation and reverse rotation at high speed or low speed. Thereby a definite direction is provided to switch the direction and speed. The switches are located on different positions and arranged in low—high speed and forward (positive rotation)—backward (reverse rotation) fashion so that the backward movement can only be exercised at the low speed to avoid the risk of backward high speed condition to secure safety for children's ride-on electric vehicles.

Abstract: The invention provide an optical fiber transmitter by both suppressing stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect and composite second-order (CSO) distortions at an optimized condition. The optical fiber transmitter includes a frequency modulator generating a first tone microwave with frequency f1 coupled to a laser source, and a phase modulator generating a second tone microwave with frequency f2 coupled to an external phase modulator, so as to broaden the modulated light spectrum. The first tone microwave with frequency f1 is set to be greater than 2 to 3 times of the highest frequency content in the modulating signals. The second tone microwave with frequency f2 is designed to be close to a harmonic frequency of f1 and no less than three times of f1. The first tone microwave with frequency f1 and a second frequency f2 are inputted to two power amplifiers, respectively, and then are respectively inputted to a laser source and an external phase modulator.

Abstract: A method and device for bandwidth efficient multi-channel optical single sideband modulation with suppressed carrier and a corresponding method and apparatus for demodulation are disclosed. The modulator includes a bandwidth efficient coder/modulator, a Microwave/millimeter-wave upconverter and an OSSB modulator, an optical notch filter and a chirped fiber grating. The demodulator uses at least one narrowband optical bandpass filters in combination with at least one baseband optical receiver to recover the transmitted baseband digital signals. The modulation method and device are suitable for short or long-distance optical fiber transmission systems.

Abstract: An optical carrier notch filter includes an optical coupler with at least first, second and third ports. The first port is configured to receive an output that includes an optical carrier and interleaved optical single sideband signals. An optical bandpass filter is coupled to a port of the optical coupler. The optical bandpass filter separates the output into a transmitted signal that contains the optical carrier, and a reflected signal that includes the interleaved optical single sideband signals. The reflected signal is reflected from the optical bandpass filter to the third port of the optical coupler.