Abstract: A communication method and related apparatuses are disclosed. The method includes: A communication apparatus generates and sends a first frequency domain signal, where the first frequency domain signal includes a subsignal obtained by mapping N pieces of first frequency domain data to a first group of subcarriers and a subsignal obtained by mapping N pieces of second frequency domain data to a second group of subcarriers, and a spacing between the first group of subcarriers and the second group of subcarriers is odd-numbered subcarriers. The N pieces of first frequency domain data are obtained by multiplying data at even positions or data at odd positions in N pieces of original frequency domain data by i or ?i, and the N pieces of second frequency domain data are obtained by performing reverse arrangement and/or negation on the N pieces of first frequency domain data.

Abstract: This application discloses a signal processing method and an apparatus. The method includes: A transmit device generates a PPDU, where the PPDU includes a preamble, the preamble includes an LTF, the LTF includes a plurality of LTF symbols, and the plurality of LTF symbols may be used to carry a sequence obtained according to a first matrix; and then sends the PPDU. Correspondingly, a receive device receives the PPDU, and then processes, according to the first matrix, signals received on the plurality of LTF symbols. The first matrix is a Pn×n matrix, or the first matrix is obtained according to a Pn×n matrix, where P n × n × P n × n T = n × I , I is an identity matrix, the Pn×n matrix includes n rows and n columns, the P n × n T matrix is a transpose matrix of the Pn×n matrix, and n is an integer greater than 8.

Abstract: This application discloses a multi-link communication probe request method and apparatus. The method includes a non-access point multi-link device (non-AP MLD) generates a probe request frame, and sends the probe request frame to an access point multi-link device (AP MLD), and the AP MLD receives the probe request frame, and generates a probe response frame and sends to the non-AP MLD. The probe request frame includes a first multi-link element (MLE) that is used to request link information of the AP MLD and that includes a first link information field. The first link information field includes a first field. The first field indicates that the non-AP MLD requests the AP MLD to feed back complete information or partial information of a first link. The first link information field corresponds to the first link.

Abstract: A critical basic service set (BSS) parameter management method applicable to multiple links and a related apparatus are provided. The provided method and apparatus relate to the wireless communication field, particularly, a wireless local area network supporting the 802.11be standard. The method includes: a first access point (AP) in a first AP multilink-device (MLD) generates and sends a first frame, wherein the first frame indicates critical BSS parameter update count values corresponding to a plurality of APs in the first AP MLD and critical BSS parameter update count values corresponding to a plurality of APs in a second AP MLD, and the second AP MLD is an AP MLD to which a nontransmitted AP belongs in a multiple BSSID set including the first AP.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method may be applied to a WLAN system supporting 802.11 series protocols such as a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of IEEE 802.11ax like 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, and a next-generation protocol of 802.11be like Wi-Fi 8, and may also be applied to a UWB-based wireless personal area network system, a sensing system, and the like. In the solutions of this application, a channel estimation sequence corresponding to a bandwidth greater than 320 MHz is designed, to support signal transmission in a large-bandwidth (for example, 640 MHz or 480 MHz) scenario.

Abstract: The technology of this application relates to a first device configured to perform backoff on a primary 20 MHz channel, to perform data transmission with a second device. When a first preset condition is met, the first device switches from the primary 20 MHz channel to a first channel, where the first channel is a channel preconfigured for communication between the first device and the second device, the first channel does not include the primary 20 MHz channel, and the first preset condition at least includes that the primary 20 MHz channel is in a busy state.

Abstract: In a channel listening method, a non-simultaneous transmit and receive multi-link device (NSTR MLD) receives a first response frame on a first link and a second response frame on a second link, wherein an end time of the first response frame is later than an end time of the second response frame, and the first link and the second link belong to a NSTR link pair. The NSTR MLD determines that at least one of the first response frame and the second response frame fails to be received. In response to the determination, the NSTR MLD performs channel listening in a first interframe space after the first response frame ends, wherein a duration of the first interframe space is less than or equal to a duration of a point coordination function interframe space (PIFS).

Abstract: A method and related apparatus for physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) uplink bandwidth indication are provided. The method relates to the wireless communications field, for example, is applicable to a wireless local area network supporting the 802.11be standard. The method includes: An AP generates and sends a trigger frame. The trigger frame carries first indication information, where the first indication information is directly used to indicate or jointly indicate an EHT TB PPDU bandwidth or an uplink PPDU total transmission bandwidth. The trigger frame carries second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate distribution of an HE TB PPDU and/or an EHT TB PPDU in the uplink PPDU total transmission bandwidth, or directly indicate whether an EHT station transmits an HE TB PPDU or an EHT TB PPDU.

Abstract: This application provides a protocol data unit PPDU transmission method and apparatus, and relates to the field of communication technologies, to indicate, to a STA, a channel for sending a CTS frame. In the method, a first device may send a first data unit. The first data unit may include at least a second data unit and a third data unit. The second data unit is used to carry a first MU-RTS frame. The third data unit is used to carry a second MU-RTS frame. The first MU-RTS frame and the second MU-RTS frame use a same scrambling code initialization value. Based on the foregoing solution, an AP may indicate, to a plurality of STAs by using a plurality of MU-RTS frames, channels for replying CTS frames. The AP may indicate the first MU-RTS frame and the second MU-RTS frame to use the same scrambling code initialization value.

Abstract: A channel sounding method and an apparatus are provided. The method includes a first access point device sending a sounding request frame to a second access point device, the sounding request frame requesting the second access point device perform channel sounding, the sounding request frame includes one or both of a sounding bandwidth field or a number of spatial streams field, the sounding bandwidth field indicating a bandwidth for performing the channel sounding, the number of spatial streams field indicating a quantity of spatial streams on which the channel sounding is performed.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a channel sounding method and apparatus, and relate to the communication field. The method includes: A station STA receives channel sounding frames sent by a plurality of access points APs; the STA performs channel sounding based on the channel sounding frames to obtain channel state information of each AP; and the STA sends a channel measurement report frame, where the channel measurement report frame includes channel state information of some of the plurality of APs and identifiers of the some APs, and the channel measurement report frame is further used to indicate that the some APs are selected to participate in coordinated transmission. That the channel measurement report frame is used to indicate that an AP is selected to participate in coordinated transmission can not only feedback channel state information but also reduce signaling overheads.

Abstract: A modulation and coding scheme indication method and a corresponding apparatus in a wireless local area network system that supports one or more of a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of IEEE 802.11ax (for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT), a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of IEEE 802.11be (for example, 802.11bn, Wi-Fi 8, or UHR), Wi-Fi AI, a millimeter wave (mm Wave), an ultra wideband (UWB), and sensing (sensing). A method includes: generating a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU, where the PPDU includes a first field and a second field, the first field indicates a first modulation and coding scheme MCS group, and the second field indicates a number of spatial streams corresponding to one or more MCSs in the first MCS group; and sending the PPDU. This can reduce bit overheads.

Abstract: A multi-link data processing method includes sending first indication information on a second link. The first indication information indicates to perform link recovery by using a beam configuration parameter used before disconnection of a first link. The multi-link data processing method also includes performing link recovery on the first link.

Abstract: This application relates to a PPDU-based communication method and an apparatus. The method includes: generating and sending a PPDU, where an RU/MRU corresponding to the PPDU includes a plurality of RUs, modulation schemes of a plurality of MCSs corresponding to the plurality of RUs are different, and a frequency range corresponding to the RU/MRU is greater than 80 MHz. According to this application, spectrum utilization can be improved. This application is applied to a WLAN system supporting 802.11 series protocols such as a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of 802.11ax like 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, and a next generation of 802.11be like Wi-Fi 8, UHR, or Wi-Fi AI. This application is further applied to a WPAN system, a sensing system, and the like supporting UWB.

Abstract: A cyclic shift diversity-based communication method and apparatus. A maximum number of antennas supported in this method is greater than 8. A cyclic shift is performed on a first preamble part of each antenna by using a cyclic shift diversity value, so that an automatic gain control error is reduced in response to the use of more antennas (for example, 16 antennas).

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a modulation and coding scheme indication method and a corresponding apparatus. This application is applied to a wireless local area network system that supports one or more of a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of IEEE 802.11ax (for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT), a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of IEEE 802.11be (for example, 802.11bn, Wi-Fi 8, or UHR), Wi-Fi AI, a millimeter wave (mmWave), an ultra wideband (UWB), and sensing (sensing). The method includes: generating a trigger frame, where the trigger frame includes a first field and a second field, the first field indicates a first MCS group used by a PPDU sent by a first device, and the second field indicates a number of spatial streams corresponding to one or more MCSs in the first MCS group; and sending the trigger frame. This can reduce bit overheads.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a communication method and apparatus applied to the field of communication technologies. The communication method and apparatus are applicable to wireless local area network systems supporting IEEE 802.11 series protocols such as a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of 802.11ax, for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7 or EHT, and a next generation of 802.11be, Wi-Fi 8, UHR, Wi-Fi AI, or millimeter wave (MMW); and also applicable to WPAN systems, sensing systems, and the like supporting UWB. A first communication apparatus generates a PPDU, and sends the PPDU. A second communication apparatus receives the PPDU, and performs channel estimation based on an LTF sequence. The PPDU includes an LTF carrying the LTF sequence. The LTF sequence corresponds to a bandwidth of the PPDU. The LTF sequence is determined based on a basic LTF sequence. The LTF sequence is a sequence in a 2× mode. The LTF sequence can effectively reduce a channel estimation error.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus to improve spectral efficiency of data transmission. The method includes: A first device generates first data (for example, the first data may be a physical layer protocol data unit or a part of data of a physical layer protocol data unit), and sends the first data to a second device on a resource unit, where the resource unit corresponds to or uses at least two different modulation and coding schemes. The resource unit may be any one of a 26-tone resource unit, a 52-tone resource unit, a 106-tone resource unit, a 242-tone resource unit, a 484-tone resource unit, and a 996-tone resource unit. The resource unit can use the at least two different modulation and coding schemes for data transmission in one transmission process, so that spectral efficiency of data transmission can be further improved.

Abstract: This application provides example methods for sending data in a wireless network, and example related apparatuses. One example method includes determining, by a first device, a distributed resource unit (RU) allocated to the first device, where the distributed RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, all subcarriers of one distributed RU are distributed on a first frequency band, a size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz, the first frequency band includes a maximum of 18 pilot subcarriers that are disposed at an interval, a quantity of pilot subcarriers included in one distributed RU is greater than or equal to 2, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one distributed RU are spaced by at least M pilot subcarriers. The first device sends a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) on the distributed RU.

Abstract: This application provides a channel sounding method and apparatus. The method includes: A first communication device sends a first frame to a second communication device, where the first frame is used to indicate the second communication device to perform channel sounding on a part of antennas of the first communication device. The first communication device sends a second frame to the second communication device, where the second frame is used by the second communication device to perform channel sounding on the part of antennas. The first communication device receives a third frame from the second communication device, where the third frame is used to indicate a result of performing channel sounding on the part of antennas.