Abstract: This application discloses communication methods and apparatuses. In an example method, a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) is generated and sent. The PPDU includes multiple resource unit allocation subfields. The multiple resource unit allocation subfields include a resource unit allocation subfield corresponding to a multiple resource unit (MRU) to indicate that a 242-tone resource unit (RU) corresponding to the resource unit allocation subfield belongs to the MRU. A number of resource unit allocation subfields corresponding to the MRU in a resource unit allocation subfield corresponding to each 80 MHz subblock in a bandwidth for transmitting the PPDU is for determining or indicating a type of the MRU. A station can determine, based on the number of resource unit allocation subfields corresponding to the MRU in the resource unit allocation subfield corresponding to each 80 MHz subblock, which type of MRU is included in the bandwidth for transmitting the PPDU.

Abstract: A method includes: generating, by an access point AP, a first frame, where the first frame includes P station information fields, each of the P station information fields corresponds to one resource unit RU allocated to a first station STA, P is a positive integer greater than 1, each station information field further includes end indication information, and the end indication information is used to indicate whether the station information field is the last station information field in the P station information fields. The AP may allocate P RUs to the first STA, and indicate the P RUs to the first STA through the P station information fields in the first frame. Therefore, a resource allocation manner of the AP can be more flexible, a frequency selective gain of an OFDMA system can be effectively improved, and a system capacity can be increased.

Abstract: This application provides example methods for sending data in a wireless network, and example related apparatuses. One example method includes determining, by a first device, a distributed resource unit (RU) allocated to the first device, where the distributed RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, all subcarriers of the distributed RU are distributed on a first frequency band, a size of the first frequency band is 40 MHz, the first frequency band includes a maximum of 36 pilot subcarriers that are disposed at an interval, a quantity of pilot subcarriers included in the distributed RU is greater than or equal to 2, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in the distributed RU are spaced by at least M pilot subcarriers. The first device sends a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) on the distributed RU.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus are provided, are applied to a wireless local area network system that supports the 802.11 series protocols, for example, a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of IEEE 802.11ax, such as 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, for another example, a next-generation of 802.11be, such as 802.11bn or Wi-Fi 8, 802.11ay, or 802.11aj, and may be further applied to a UWB-based wireless personal area network system, a sensing (sensing) system, and the like. A first communication apparatus sends a PPDU, and a second communication apparatus receives the PPDU. The PPDU corresponds to at least one target user, the PPDU includes a data field corresponding to the target user, and a parameter NSD,short corresponding to the target user is determined based on an RU/MRU used to transmit the data field and an MCS of the data field. This effectively reduces encoding/decoding time and improves encoding/decoding efficiency.

Abstract: This application provides a coordinated communication method, apparatus, and device, and a storage medium. The method may be performed by a first device or a component in the first device. The method includes: The first device sends a first radio frame to a second device, and receives a second radio frame from the second device, and a transmission agreement is set up between the first device and the second device, so that the first device and the second device share a transmission resource under the transmission agreement, to provide a basis for implementing multi-device coordinated transmission.

Abstract: A cooperative communication method receives an announcement frame from a master access point. The announcement frame includes a duration field, a value of the duration field is set to a first duration, an end time of the first duration is not later than an end time of a target trigger frame or is not later than a start time of a target trigger based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), the target trigger frame is a next radio frame of the announcement frame, the target TB PPDU is a response frame for the target trigger frame, the target trigger frame comprises a second trigger frame, and the target TB PPDU comprises a second TB PPDU. The slave access point sends the second trigger frame to a second station associated with the slave access point, and receives the second TB PPDU from the second station.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a probe request and response technology between a station and a plurality of access point multi-link devices (AP MLDs). During implementation of this application, a station may obtain communication parameters of a plurality of APs of one or more AP MLDs by sending one probe request frame, to obtain communication parameters of the AP MLD on a plurality of links, thereby efficiently implementing association between the station and the AP MLD or establishing multi-link transmission between the station and the AP MLD.

Abstract: This application provides a beam alignment training method and apparatus. The method includes: A transmit end sends M pieces of first beam measurement data, where the M pieces of first beam measurement data correspond to M measurement beams; the transmit end receives a combination coefficient set, where the combination coefficient set is determined by a receive end based on the M pieces of first beam measurement data, the combination coefficient set includes M beam weighting coefficients, an mth beam weighting coefficient corresponds to an mth piece of first beam measurement data, the mth beam weighting coefficient represents a weight value of an mth measurement beam in the M measurement beams, 1?m?M, and m and M are positive integers; and the transmit end determines a combined beam based on the combination coefficient set and the M measurement beams.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide access point (AP) multi-link device discovery methods and related apparatuses and computer-readable storage media, which can be applied, for example, to a wireless local area network (WLAN) supporting 802.11be. An example method includes: sending, by a station (STA), a probe request frame, wherein the probe request frame carries at least one link identifier of at least one AP for requesting information of the at least one AP, and the STA is affiliated to a STA MLD; and receiving, by the STA from an AP MLD, a probe response frame, wherein the probe response frame carries the information of the at least one AP requested by the STA.

Abstract: An apparatus that is a first multi-link device (MLD) or a component of the first MLD is caused to obtain information about a first relay MLD through a first communication link. The first relay MLD is used to relay information transmitted by the first MLD to a second MLD through a second communication link. The apparatus is also caused to send a first request message to the first relay MLD and the second MLD through the first communication link. The first request message is used to request to establish a second communication link between the first MLD and the first relay MLD and a second communication link between the second MLD and the first relay MLD. The frequency band on which the first communication link operates is lower than a frequency band on which the second communication link operates.

Abstract: A method includes: An access point generates an NDPA frame, where the NDPA frame includes a station information field, and the station information field includes an AID subfield indicating an association identifier AID of a station; the station information field further includes a partial bandwidth information subfield; the partial bandwidth information subfield indicates an RU that is in a bandwidth corresponding to the NDPA frame and for which the station needs to feed back channel state information; and the bandwidth corresponding to the NDPA frame is greater than 160 MHz. The access point transmits the NDPA frame.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a beamforming training method and an apparatus, to avoid a frame collision in time domain in a beamforming training process, and improve beamforming training efficiency. The method includes: A first communication apparatus (for example, an AP) receives first indication information from a second communication apparatus (for example, a STA), where the first indication information indicates an optimal transmit sector of the first communication apparatus; the first communication apparatus sends second indication information to the second communication apparatus, where the second indication information indicates a first slot group for the first communication apparatus to receive a first frame; and the first communication apparatus receives the first frame from the second communication apparatus in the first slot group in the optimal transmit sector.

Abstract: An apparatus that is a first station or applied to a first station is caused to send a part of a plurality of first physical protocol data units (PPDUs) to a second station over a first communication link. The plurality of first PPDUs are used to train at least one of a transmit beam of the first station or a receive beam of the second station. The apparatus is also caused to receive a first stop frame from the second station over a second communication link. The first stop frame indicates the first station to stop sending an unsent PPDU in the plurality of first PPDUs over the first communication link. The first station and the second station are multi-link devices. A frequency band on which the first communication link operates is higher than a frequency band on which the second communication link operates.

Abstract: Disclosed are a communication method and apparatus, which are applied to wireless local area network systems supporting IEEE 802.11 series protocols such as a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of 802.11ax, for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, a next generation of 802.11be, for example, 802.11bn or Wi-Fi 8, 802.11ay, and 802.11aj, and can also be applied to UWB-based wireless personal area network systems, sensing (sensing) systems, and the like. A first communication apparatus generates and sends a PPDU. A second communication apparatus receives and parses the PPDU. Pilot values carried on pilot subcarriers corresponding to a data field in the PPDU are determined based on a bandwidth of the PPDU and Nss groups of initial pilot values. At least two groups of initial pilot values in the Nss groups of initial pilot values are different. Each group of initial pilot values may include M initial pilot values.

Abstract: This application provides example communication methods and devices to improve wireless local area network (WLAN) communication efficiency. In an example method, an access point (AP) sends first indication information. The first indication information indicates a first resource unit (RU) of a station (STA). The AP sends second indication information. The second indication information indicates whether the STA is allowed to send a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) based on a part of the first RU, and when the second indication information indicates that the STA is allowed to send the PPDU based on the part of the first RU. The PPDU includes a low density parity check (LDPC) extra symbol segment. The AP receives a first PPDU. A second RU occupied by the first PPDU is the part of the first RU. The first PPDU includes the LDPC extra symbol segment.

Abstract: A communication apparatus and a communication method are disclosed. According to the communication method, a first device sends a block acknowledgment request frame to a second device. The block acknowledgment request frame is used to request the second device to send a block acknowledgment frame indicating a receiving status of an access control layer protocol data unit in first transmission. The first transmission is suspended at a first moment that is earlier than a transmission end moment when the first transmission is not suspended. The first device receives the block acknowledgment frame. The first device starts, at a second moment, to perform second transmission.

Abstract: This application provides a nominal packet padding value indication method, a determining method, and a communication apparatus. The indication method includes: A first device generates and sends a PPDU. A physical layer packet extension thresholds information field included in the PPDU includes a plurality of packet extension threshold subfield sets, and each packet extension threshold subfield set indicates a modulation threshold corresponding to an NSS of n and an RU with an index b. A value range of b does not include y, where the value of an RU index bitmask subfield corresponding to an RU with the index y is 0, and a modulation threshold corresponding to the NSS of n and the RU with the index y is a modulation threshold corresponding to an NSTS of n and an RU with an index m1.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of wireless communication, for example, being applied to a wireless local area network supporting the 802.11be standard, and in particular, relates to a channel access method for a multi-link device and a related apparatus. The method includes: when a length of a first PPDU transmitted on a first link by a first multi-link device is less than or equal to a first value, skipping starting, by the first multi-link device, a medium synchronization delay timer on a second link, where the first multi-link device is not allowed to perform simultaneous transmitting and receiving on the first link and the second link.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and apparatus. The communication method includes: sending a request frame to a first access point, where the request frame is used to trigger sending of a response frame, and a station is not associated with the first access point; receiving the response frame from the first access point, where the response frame includes a first transmit power for sending the response frame; determining downlink received signal quality; and sending the first transmit power and the downlink received signal quality to a second access point, where the first transmit power and the downlink received signal quality are used for a basic service set BSS transition decision, the second access point is associated with the station, and the first access point and the second access point belong to a same extended service set.

Abstract: This application discloses a resource unit combination indication method and a communication apparatus. The resource unit combination indication method includes: A transmit end generates a PPDU, and sends the PPDU. The PPDU includes a resource unit allocation subfield. The resource unit allocation subfield indicates an MRU to which a 242-tone RU corresponding to the resource unit allocation subfield belongs, and further indicates a quantity of user fields corresponding to the resource unit allocation subfield. According to the method, one or more users may be indicated to use a plurality of contiguous or noncontiguous RUs for data transmission, to improve RU allocation flexibility of a system and spectrum utilization of the system.