Abstract: An encoding method, a decoding method, and an apparatus are provided, and are applied to support a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol (for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT) of IEEE 802.11ax, a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol (for example, 802.11bn, Wi-Fi 8, or UHR) of IEEE 802.11be, Wi-Fi AI, millimeter wave (MMW), ultra-wideband (UWB), sensing, or the like. The method includes: A first communication apparatus obtains an information bit sequence, performs LDPC encoding on the information bit sequence based on a parity check matrix, to obtain an encoded sequence, and outputs the sequence. A length of the sequence is N1, where N1 is n times 1944, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. After obtaining to-be-decoded information, a second communication apparatus performs LDPC decoding based on the parity check matrix, to obtain the information bit sequence. The method can improve decoding performance.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide methods and related apparatuses related to access point (AP) multi-link device discovery, for example, in a WLAN supporting 802.11be. An example method include receiving, by a station, a management frame from a reporting access point (AP), wherein the management frame comprises a reduced neighbor report (RNR) element, and a target beacon transmission time (TBTT) information field in the RNR element comprises an information field, wherein the information field carries a multi-link device (MLD) identifier of an AP MLD with which a reported AP is affiliated; and parsing, by the station, the management frame.

Abstract: This application provides a data transmission method and an apparatus, to reduce a PAPR of data, along with a smaller computing amount and lower device complexity. In the method, a first apparatus generates first frequency domain data, and the first apparatus maps the first frequency domain data to a tone included in a transmission bandwidth for transmission. The transmission bandwidth includes a first transmission bandwidth and a second transmission bandwidth, the first frequency domain data includes second frequency domain data mapped to a first tone included in the first transmission bandwidth and third frequency domain data mapped to a second tone included in the second transmission bandwidth, and the second frequency domain data is in mirror conjugation and alternating negation with the third frequency domain data.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of wireless communication, for example, being applied to a wireless local area network supporting the 802.11be standard, and in particular, relates to a channel access method for a multi-link device and a related apparatus. The method includes: when a length of a first PPDU transmitted on a first link by a first multi-link device is less than or equal to a first value, skipping starting, by the first multi-link device, a medium synchronization delay timer on a second link, where the first multi-link device is not allowed to perform simultaneous transmitting and receiving on the first link and the second link. In embodiments of this application, channel access efficiency can be improved when a non-STR MLD is in a blind state/self-interference state.

Abstract: Embodiments of this disclosure provide an information transmission method, a communication apparatus, a storage medium, a chip, and a program product. The method includes: receiving, by a first device, a trigger-based frame from a second device, where the trigger-based frame includes distributed resource unit indication information; determining one or more distributed resource blocks based on the distributed resource unit indication information, where each distributed resource block includes N1 data subcarriers and N2 pilot subcarriers, and an absolute value of an index difference between every two data subcarriers of N3 data subcarriers in the N1 data subcarriers is greater than or equal to 4; and sending a response to the trigger-based frame to the second device on the one or more distributed resource blocks.

Abstract: This application provides a resource unit indication method, an access point, and a station. In the method, a resource unit allocation subfield in a trigger frame includes a frequency band range indication and a resource unit indication. The resource unit indication is used to indicate an MRU allocated to a station. The frequency band range indication is used to indicate a frequency band range in which an RU in the MRU is located. For example, the frequency band range indication is used to indicate 80 MHz in which a smallest RU in the MRU is located. In this way, the frequency band range indication indicates a frequency band range related to the MRU, and can further carry more information, for example, the frequency band range in which the smallest RU is located. It may be learned that this application may be applied to 802.11ax, 802.11be, and a future Wi-Fi system.

Abstract: In a method for indicate simultaneous transmit and receive (STR) capability in a Wi-Fi system, a first multi-link device (MLD) generates and sends STR capability information that indicates interference parameter information between a first link using a first bandwidth and a second link using a second bandwidth. A second device receives the STR capability information and obtains an interference parameter threshold. The second device then determines, based on the interference parameter threshold and the interference parameter information, whether the first MLD supports an STR operation on the first link and the second link.

Abstract: An encoding method, a decoding method, and a related apparatus are provided, which may be applied to a wireless local area network system. An encoding apparatus determines first available bits based on to-be-encoded data bits and a first encoding rate, and determines a second codeword number and a second codeword length based on the first available bits and a correspondence between the first available bits, a first codeword number, and a first codeword length at the first encoding rate. The second codeword number is obtained based on the first codeword number, and the second codeword length is obtained based on the first codeword length. The encoding apparatus does not need to store a correspondence between available bits, a codeword number, and a codeword length at a second encoding rate, thereby reducing storage overheads of the encoding apparatus.

Abstract: A data transmission method includes sending, by a first station in a first multi-link device, a third frame. The third frame indicates the first station enables a mode of sharing a quantity of spatial streams. The mode of sharing the quantity of spatial streams is used for enabling the first station to use the shared spatial streams. A quantity of shared spatial streams is a maximum quantity of shared spatial streams supported by the first multi-link device. The data transmission method also includes receiving, by the first station, a fourth frame. The fourth frame is used for responding to the third frame.

Abstract: A communication method and a communication apparatus. A first device generates a first physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU). A quantity of subcarriers of a data part of the first PPDU in a first bandwidth is the same as a quantity of subcarriers of a data part of a second PPDU in a second bandwidth. A subcarrier spacing of the data part of the first PPDU in the first bandwidth is less than a subcarrier spacing of the data part of the second PPDU in the second bandwidth. The second PPDU is a PPDU defined in an existing standard, for example, an ultra-high reliability (UHR) PPDU, a high efficiency (HE) PPDU, a very high throughput (VHT) PPDU, and an extreme high throughput (EHT) PPDU. The second bandwidth is greater than the first bandwidth.

Abstract: This application relates to a communication method and apparatus. An AP MLD receives first downlink data from a current AP MLD, where the first downlink data is data encrypted using a first key negotiated by the current AP MLD and a non-AP MLD, and a target AP MLD is an AP MLD of the non-AP MLD after a basic service set BSS transition. The target AP MLD performs lower-medium access control (LMAC) layer processing and physical layer processing on the first downlink data, to obtain second downlink data. According to the method and the apparatus disclosed herein, roaming performance of the non-AP MLD can be improved.

Abstract: This application relates to communication methods, apparatuses, systems and computer-readable storage mediums. In an example method, a first communication apparatus generates a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), where the PPDU includes a short training field (STF), a long training field (LTF), and a data field. Cyclic shift is performed on at least one of the STF, the LTF, or the data field based on a cyclic shift diversity (CSD). The CSD includes L elements, and L is a maximum number of spatial streams supported by the first communication apparatus. The maximum number of spatial streams supported by the first communication apparatus is greater than 8. The example method further includes the first communication apparatus sending the PPDU to a second communication apparatus.

Abstract: An example bandwidth determining method, including: a first device receives a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) from a second device, where the PPDU comprises a scrambling sequence and a service field, and a first group of bits in the scrambling sequence and a second group of bits in the service field indicate at least one candidate bandwidth. Then, in response to detecting a check error occurs in the second group of bits, the first device determines a bandwidth for communication between the first device and the second device based on the first group of bits.

Abstract: A method comprises: a second communication apparatus sends a trigger frame, to trigger at least one first communication apparatus that includes a first communication apparatus to transmit an uplink PPDU. After receiving the trigger frame, the at least one first communication apparatus sends the PPDU to the second communication apparatus based on the trigger frame. The PPDU includes a data field and an STF sequence, the data field is carried in a distributed RU, the distributed RU includes a plurality of subcarrier groups that are discrete in frequency domain, one of the subcarrier groups includes one subcarrier or includes at least two consecutive subcarriers, the STF sequence is carried on all subcarriers of a plurality of consecutive RUs, the plurality of consecutive RUs are consecutive RUs corresponding to the distributed RU, and each of the consecutive RUs includes a plurality of subcarriers that are consecutive in frequency domain.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of wireless fidelity Wi-Fi technologies, and in particular, to a non-simultaneous transmitting and receiving capability indication method, an apparatus, and a system. In the method, a first multi-link device MLD may sequentially transmit an association request frame and a management frame to a second MLD. Correspondingly, the second MLD may receive the association request frame and the management frame from the first MLD. The association request frame includes first information, and the first information indicates a first NSTR capability between a first link and a second link. The management frame includes second information, and the second information indicates a second NSTR capability between the first link and the second link.

Abstract: A low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding method includes performing LDPC encoding on an information bit sequence based on a parity check matrix, to obtain a first code word. The parity-check matrix is obtained by expanding a base matrix or a submatrix of the base matrix. The base matrix or submatrix is an H×M submatrix formed from H selected rows and M selected columns of a 12×22 matrix, where H is 1 to 12 and M is 1 to 22. The H×M submatrix includes two columns corresponding to first two columns of the 12×22 matrix and including predetermined binary sequences.

Abstract: A first device performs backoff on a primary 20 MHz channel, to perform data transmission with a second device; and when a first preset condition is met, the first device switches from the primary 20 MHz channel to a first channel, where the first channel is a channel preconfigured for communication between the first device and the second device, the first channel does not include the primary 20 MHz channel, and the first preset condition at least includes that the primary 20 MHz channel is in a busy state.

Abstract: A multi-link-based communication method is applied to a wireless local area network system that supports a next-generation WI-FI protocol of IEEE 802.11ax, for example, 802.11 series protocols such as 802.11be, WI-FI 7, or EHT, and a next-generation protocol of 802.11be, WI-FI 8, or WI-FI AI, and may be applied to a UWB-based wireless personal local area network system and a sensing system. A related condition of a group addressed frame other than a trigger frame, a multi-station block acknowledgment frame, and a no-data PPDU announcement frame is added to a condition set, so that a non-AP STA can determine, based on information about the group addressed frame when performing a switching operation, whether to switch to a listening operation mode.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for sending a physical layer protocol data unit, and a method and an apparatus for receiving a physical layer protocol data unit are disclosed. The method includes: generating a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU); and sending the PPDU on one or more discrete resource units (RUs), where each of the one or more discrete RUs includes a plurality of subcarriers that are discrete in frequency domain. The subcarriers in each of the one or more discrete RUs provided in embodiments are discontiguous, and transmit power of discrete subcarriers increases, so that a transmitting device can transmit the PPDU at higher transmit power. This method may be applied to a wireless local area network system supporting a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of IEEE 802.11ax, for example, 802.11 family of protocols such as 802.11be or EHT.

Abstract: A channel sounding method and an apparatus are provided. The method includes a first access point device sending a sounding request frame to a second access point device, the sounding request frame requesting the second access point device perform channel sounding, the sounding request frame includes one or both of a sounding bandwidth field or a number of spatial streams field, the sounding bandwidth field indicating a bandwidth for performing the channel sounding, the number of spatial streams field indicating a quantity of spatial streams on which the channel sounding is performed.