Abstract: A composition includes an ionic liquid monomer having the following structure: where n is an integer from 1 to 5 and the ionic liquid monomer has a melting point less than 100° C. A method of making the ionic liquid includes providing a mixture comprising a sulfonic acid and a diamine in a solvent, and maintaining the mixture at a temperature ranging from 10 to 80° C. for a time ranging from 1 to 10 hours to form an ionic liquid monomer having a melting point less than 100° C. A method of making a polymer from the ionic liquid monomer is also provided.

Abstract: A composition includes an ionic liquid monomer having the following structure: where n is an integer from 1 to 5 and the ionic liquid monomer has a melting point less than 100° C. A method of making the ionic liquid includes providing a mixture comprising a sulfonic acid and a diamine in a solvent, and maintaining the mixture at a temperature ranging from 10 to 80° C. for a time ranging from 1 to 10 hours to form an ionic liquid monomer having a melting point less than 100° C. A method of making a polymer from the ionic liquid monomer is also provided.

Abstract: A mixture of an anionic surfactant and an amine is injected into a high permeability zone of a subterranean formation. Gaseous CO2 is injected through the wellbore into the high permeability zone to increase the viscosity of the injected mixture to prevent gravity override of the injected CO2. After increasing the viscosity of the mixture, CO2 is injected through the wellbore into a low permeability zone to recover the hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A system and method of testing pre-formed particle gels in an artificial fracture system includes introducing a suspension including a pre-formed particle gel into a testing device that includes an artificial fracture setup with a plurality of fracture model units. The system is configured to inject pre-formed particle gels into an accumulator with magnetic stirrers first and then into a series of fracture model units configured to receive a fluid through a flow channel and, change the flow channel in a transverse direction relative to the direction of the fluid flow.

Abstract: A pipeline-integrated measuring device includes a thrust fixed frame, a measuring fixed frame, a measuring moving frame and strain spokes. The measuring fixed frame is fixed on the thrust fixed frame and is connected to the measuring moving frame by means of the strain spokes. A first propellant supply connecting nozzle is arranged on the measuring fixed frame and is used to be in communication with a propellant supply pipeline on a test bench; propellant supply channels are arranged in the strain spokes; a second propellant supply connecting nozzle is arranged on the measuring moving frame and is used to be connected to an engine inlet pipeline; first sensors, second sensors and third sensors are arranged on the strain spokes; and the first sensors, the second sensors and the third sensors are arranged at maximum strain force positions in axial directions and lateral directions of the strain spokes respectively.

Abstract: A sand prevention system includes a housing having a conduit and a plurality of sand crushers coupled to the housing that prevent sand particles disposed within a fluid of a well having a diameter greater than a specified diameter from passing through the conduit of the housing of the sand prevention system. Each sand crusher includes a casing and a plurality of crushing elements encased within the casing that reduce the diameter of the sand particles. The sand prevention system further includes a sensor module, fixed within the housing, that includes a plurality of sensors that detect a presence of sand particles within the fluid and a transmitter that notifies a surface location of the well of the presence of the sand particles within the fluid.

Abstract: A sand prevention system includes a housing having a conduit and a plurality of sand crushers coupled to the housing that prevent sand particles disposed within a fluid of a well having a diameter greater than a specified diameter from passing through the conduit of the housing of the sand prevention system. Each sand crusher includes a casing and a plurality of crushing elements encased within the casing that reduce the diameter of the sand particles. The sand prevention system further includes a sensor module, fixed within the housing, that includes a plurality of sensors that detect a presence of sand particles within the fluid and a transmitter that notifies a surface location of the well of the presence of the sand particles within the fluid.

Abstract: A rail inspection system and probe include a moving carrier having a direction of motion. The probe includes a magnetic circuit having a first leg comprising a first end and a second end, a second leg spaced-apart from the first leg, the second leg comprising a first end and a second end, and a yoke magnetically coupling the second end of the first leg and the second end of the second leg. The magnetic circuit generates a magnetic field aligned with the direction of motion, and at a center point between the first leg and the second leg no motion-induced current is present under defect free conditions of the rail. A circuit board extends between the first leg and the second leg. A plurality of magnetic sensors is disposed proximate the center point.

Abstract: A viscosity reducer composition may include one or more polycyclic compounds, one or more polymers covalently attached to one or more polyaromatic compounds, one or more rheology modifiers, one or more surfactants, and an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A removable apparatus having a core holder body and a core sample assembly fitted inside the core holder body is disclosed. The core sample assembly includes a core sample and a sleeve fitted around the core sample. A first flanged stopper and a second flanged stopper are positioned at opposite axial ends of the core holder body. A flow path is formed through the first and second flanged stoppers and interfaces at opposite end surfaces of the core sample. Also provided are an assembly and a system comprising the removable apparatus for use in oilfield applications. Further, a method of testing a property of a fluid using the removable apparatus is provided.

Abstract: A system and a method for making and using an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) fluid. The EOR fluid includes a base fluid, an anionic-nonionic surfactant including one of sodium alkylphenol ethoxylate carboxylate (APEC), sodium alkyl ethoxylate carboxylate (AEC), sodium alkylphenol ethoxylate sulfate (APES), or sodium alkyl ethoxylate sulfate (AES), and a second surfactant including a cationic surfactant including an alkyl pyridine salt.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from a subterranean formation by injecting a mixture including an anionic surfactant and an amine, followed by injecting CO2, to reduce CO2 mobility in a high-permeability zone of the formation.

Abstract: A core sample holder for testing core samples from a well includes a body having a wall defining a cavity. At least two sleeves are disposed within the cavity parallel to each other. Each sleeve of the at least two sleeves is configured to individually hold the core samples. At least one cap is removably coupled to an inner surface of the wall. A tube extends from each end of the at least two sleeves to be a dedicated inlet at a first end of each sleeve and a dedicated outlet at a second end of each sleeve.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method for demodulation of a fiber optic sensor is provided. An aspect of the system provides an optical fiber, a laser, a phase modulator configured to be coupled to the optical fiber, and a sensor. The laser emits a laser beam into the optical fiber. The phase modulator receives the laser beam from the laser and directs the laser beam to the sensor. The sensor includes a coiled portion of the optical fiber, uncoiled segments adjacent the coiled portion, and at least two fiber Bragg gratings configured to be coupled to opposite uncoiled segments adjacent the coiled portion of the optical fiber. The sensor system may further include a photodetector configured to receive a reflected portion of the laser beam from the sensor. The reflected portion is divided into at least two paths where at least two sub-outputs are generated for demodulation and sensing.

Abstract: A system and method of testing pre-formed particle gels in an artificial fracture system may include introducing a suspension including a pre-formed particle gel into a testing device that includes an artificial fracture setup with a plurality of fracture model units. The system may be configured to inject pre-formed particle gels into an accumulator with magnetic stirrers first and then into a series of fracture model units configured to receive a fluid through a flow channel and, change the flow channel in a transverse direction relative to the direction of the fluid flow.

Abstract: A method includes acquiring a core sample from a first reservoir of interest that is producing hydrocarbons at a first recovery rate. The method includes performing a coreflooding study using a core flood apparatus. The coreflooding study includes a plurality of coreflooding simulations using the core sample disposed in the core flood apparatus. The method includes performing a reservoir simulation study on the first reservoir using a coreflooding simulation model and using the coreflooding study. The method includes adjusting a core flood fluid based on the reservoir simulation study to form an adjusted treatment fluid that produces a second recovery rate from the first reservoir. The second recovery rate may be greater than the first recovery rate. The method includes using an injection well and the adjusted treatment fluid for performing an injection operation of a reservoir.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to thermal stimuli-responsive surfactant mixtures useful for reducing water/oil interfacial tension at high temperatures and increasing water/oil interfacial tension at low temperatures. The disclosure also relates to methods of using the surfactant mixtures for enhanced oil recovery applications.

Abstract: A system and a method for making and using an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) fluid. The EOR fluid includes a base fluid, an anionic-nonionic surfactant including one of sodium alkylphenol ethoxylate carboxylate (APEC), sodium alkyl ethoxylate carboxylate (AEC), sodium alkylphenol ethoxylate sulfate (APES), or sodium alkyl ethoxylate sulfate (AES), and a second surfactant including a cationic surfactant including an alkyl pyridine salt.

Abstract: A method for reducing the interfacial tension between a hydrocarbon fluid and a surfactant mixture solution during chemical enhanced oil recovery includes introducing a surfactant mixture solution to a hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir, thereby reducing the interfacial tension at a liquid-liquid interface of the hydrocarbon fluid and the surfactant mixture solution. The surfactant mixture solution includes a polyacrylamide polymer, a brine solution, and a surfactant mixture. The surfactant mixture includes an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant. The anionic surfactant may include organosulfate. The cationic surfactant may include a quaternary ammonium, a brominated trimethylammonium, a chloride trimethylammonium, or combinations thereof. The nonionic surfactant may include a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, a phenylated ethoxylate, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A cryogenic propellant rocket engine, a flowmeter calibration system and method for the cryogenic propellant rocket engine have been provided. The flowmeter calibration system for the cryogenic propellant rocket engine includes a container filling unit, a container, a supply pipeline, a weighing unit, a quick recovery container, a weighing and filling recovery unit and a recovery unit which are sequentially connected; the container filling unit is configured to connect a tank wagon with the container; and the supply pipeline includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, as well as a first isolation valve, a reference flowmeter, a calibration flow adjusting manual valve, a vertical main pipe and N circumferentially and uniformly distributed horizontal pipes which are sequentially connected by a pipeline.