Abstract: PMOS transistors P1-Pn and PMOS transistors P1′-Pn′ are respectively connected in series between a supply voltage terminal VD and output terminals OUTB, while NMOS transistors N1-Nn and NMOS transistors N1′-Nn′ are respectively connected in series between the output terminals OUTB and a ground terminal G. Input terminals S1-Sn are respectively connected to the gates of the PMOS transistors P1′-Pn′ and NMOS transistors N1-Nn, and they are respectively connected to the gates of the PMOS transistors P1-Pn and NMOS transistors N1′-Nn′ through corresponding inverters IV1-IVn.

Abstract: The ring oscillator circuit is made by connecting K units of inverter circuits U11, U12, . . . , U1K in a ring shape. The inverter circuit U11 comprises a CMOS inverter IV1 which includes MOS transistors MP4 and MN4, a P-channel MOS transistor MP3 which functions as the current source for a CMOS inverter IV1, an N-channel MOS transistor MN3 which functions as the current source for a CMOS inverter IV1, and a CMOS inverter IV2 which is connected in parallel to the CMOS inverter IV1 and includes MOS transistors MP5 and MN5.

Abstract: An electric motor vehicle having a drive system comprises a controller including an inverter device. The inverter comprises first and second series of semiconductor switches which is arranged in parallel with a power source. When a key switch provided between the power source and the first series of the semiconductor switches is open in a stop mode of the vehicle, a signal is given to a control terminal of only the second series of the semiconductor switches to prevent a short circuit of a main battery.

Abstract: An electric motor vehicle comprises as a drive system a battery, a motor, and a controller for controlling the rotation of the motor. The electric motor vehicle disposes an accelerator for controlling speed of the motor, a key switch for turning on or off the motor and the controller, a circuit for judging an opening/closing state of the accelerator when the key switch is turned on, and a circuit for preventing the rotation of the motor when the key switch is turned on with the accelerator open.

Abstract: A control apparatus by which a duty ratio in consideration of how energy stored in storage cells is consumed is set to ensure a steady traveling feeling, a regeneration brake which can produce stable braking forces regardless of how storage cells are consumed, and a protective device by which a plurality of operation stop levels are set to be able to cancel the stop operation effected for the first time and to ensure reliable alarming, are provided. In the first and second embodiments, a chopper duty ratio is compensated depending on how storage cells are consumed, to provide a steady agreeable traveling feeling. In the third embodiment, regenerated electric power is consumed by a motor driving circuit to stabilize operation of a regeneration brake regardless of how storage cells are consumed, and improve performance thereof.

Abstract: A control apparatus by which a duty ratio in consideration of how energy stored in storage cells is consumed is set to ensure a steady traveling feeling, a regeneration brake which can produce stable braking forces regardless of how storage cells are consumed, and a protective device by which a plurality of operation stop levels are set to be able to cancel the stop operation effected for the first time and to ensure reliable alarming, are provided. In the first and second embodiments, a chopper duty ratio is compensated depending on how storage cells are consumed, to provide a steady agreeable traveling feeling. In the third embodiment, regenerated electric power is consumed by a motor driving circuit to stabilize operation of a regeneration brake regardless of how storage cells are consumed, and improve performance thereof.

Abstract: An electric motor vehicle includes a motor case having first and second hollow section, with the first hollow section having a smaller diameter than that of the second hollow section, forming a step between the first and second hollow sections; a stator provided in the second hollow section and having an end engaged with the step; a motor cover having a cylindrical projection in sliding relationship to the second hollow section and sufficiently long to press the stator against the step and provide a space between the motor case and the motor cover for a minimum thickness of the stator; and a filler made of a liquid packing provided in the space between the motor case and the motor cover for sealing the motor against winds and rains.

Abstract: A retractable stand for an electric vehicle is connected to an electric running motor. A one-way clutch is disposed between an output shaft of the running motor and a continuously variable transmission. Upon forward rotation of the output shaft, the one-way clutch idles and power is transmitted through the continuously variable transmission to a drive wheel. Upon reverse rotation of the output shaft, the one-way clutch transmits power to a first gear but not to the transmission. The reverse rotation is transmitted through a gear box to a main stand which extends to a park position. The main stand is normally biased through a pair of compression springs to a retracted position.

Abstract: An alarm device is provided in an electric vehicle for indicating an insufficient remaining charge in a storage battery. The operation of both a remaining capacity meter and insufficient capacity alarm are continuously operated for a predetermined amount of time after a turn-off of a main power switch by means of a timer that is activated by the turn-off of the main switch when the storage battery suffers an insufficient capacity. The capacity of the storage battery is determined after the surface charge of the storage battery is eliminated when a charging operation is complete.

Abstract: A control apparatus by which a duty ratio in consideration of how energy stored in storage cells is consumed is set to ensure a steady traveling feeling, a regeneration brake which can produce stable braking forces regardless of how storage cells are consumed, and a protective device by which a plurality of operation stop levels are set to be able to cancel the stop operation effected for the first time and to ensure reliable alarming, are provided. In the first and second embodiments, a chopper duty ratio is compensated depending on how storage cells are consumed, to provide a steady agreeable traveling feeling. In the third embodiment, regenerated electric power is consumed by a motor driving circuit to stabilize operation of a regeneration brake regardless of how storage cells are consumed, and improve performance thereof.

Abstract: An assist device for use in an electric vehicle capable of allowing a driver to walk the electric vehicle in power assistance at an extremely slow speed, preventing a sudden start of the vehicle, allowing the driver to monitor an insufficient capacity of a storage battery even with the main switch of the vehicle turned off, and determining an accurate charge capacity by eliminating the surface charge state of the storage battery when a charging operation ends. According to the present invention, firstly, the running motor of the vehicle is shifted to an extremely slow speed mode when the driver's dismounting is sensed and when the closed state of an accelerator is sensed. Secondly, a sudden start is prevented when the main switch is turned on with the accelerator opened. Thirdly, the reverse rotary motion of the running motor is transmitted to a stand mechanism via a one-way clutch.

Abstract: An inexpensive, high precision accumulation type remaining battery capacity meter and method are provided, whereby the remaining capacity of the battery is determined by computing an accumulated discharge value and is displayed in steps on a display unit. The meter includes a memory device with at least one data table relating the terminal voltage of a battery discharging at a predetermined discharge current or discharge power to the remaining capacity of the battery. The data table is used to correct the computed remaining capacity displayed on the display unit. Corrections are only made within a specified range so that abnormal change in the displayed capacity is prevented.